The need for working capital management varies from industry to industry, and they can even vary among similar companies. This is due to several factors, including differences in collection and payment policies, the timing of asset purchases, the likelihood of a company writing off some of its past-due accounts receivable, and in some instances, capital-raising efforts a company is undertaking. Proper management of working capital is essential to a company’s fundamental financial health and operational success as a business.

 

Required:
Explain FOUR (4) advantages a company may derive from proper working capital management. (6 marks)

Working capital is a vital part of a business and can provide the following
advantages to a business:

  • Higher Return on Capital
    Firms with lower working capital will post a higher return on capital. Therefore,
    shareholders will benefit from a higher return for every dollar invested in the
    business.
  • Improved Credit Profile and Solvency
    The ability to meet short-term obligations is a pre-requisite to long-term solvency.
    And it is often a good indication of counterparty’s credit risk. Adequate working
    capital management will allow a business to pay on time its short-term obligations.
    This could include payment for a purchase of raw materials, payment of salaries,
    and other operating expenses.
  • Higher Profitability
    The management of account payables and receivables is an important driver of
    small businesses’ profitability.
  • Higher Liquidity
    A large amount of cash can be tied up in working capital, so a company managing
    it efficiently could benefit from additional liquidity and be less dependent on
    external financing. This is especially important for smaller businesses as they
    typically have limited access to external funding sources. Also, small businesses
    often pay their bills in cash from earnings so efficient working capital management
    will allow a business to better allocate its resources and improve its cash
    management.
  •  Increased Business Value
    Firms with more efficient working capital management will generate more free
    cash flows which will result in higher business valuation and enterprise value.
  • Favourable Financing Conditions
    A firm with a good relationship with its trade partners and paying its suppliers on
    time will benefit from favourable financing terms such as discount payments from
    its suppliers and banking partners.
  • Uninterrupted Production
    A firm paying its suppliers on time will also benefit from a regular flow of raw
    materials, ensuring that the production remains uninterrupted and clients receive
    their goods on time.
  • Ability to face shocks and peak demand
    Efficient working capital management will help a firm to survive through a crisis
    or ramp up production in case of an unexpectedly large order.
  • Competitive Advantage
    Firms with an efficient supply chain will often be able to sell their products at a
    discount versus similar firms with inefficient sourcing