Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence

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AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q5b – Substantive Testing of Accounts Receivable

Explain three substantive tests for verifying accounts receivable balance.

Question

Baaba & Associates, an audit firm, is conducting a year-end audit of Rashida LTD. The audit team is particularly concerned about the accuracy of the accounts receivable balance reported on the statement of financial position as of December 31, 2023. Therefore, as part of their audit procedures, they need to perform substantive tests to identify any material misstatements, errors, or fraud that could impact the accuracy of the financial statements.

Required:
Explain THREE substantive tests that the audit team at Baaba & Associates should perform to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the accuracy of Rashida LTD’s accounts receivable balance.

Answer

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Tags: Accounts Receivable, Audit evidence, Audit Procedures, Financial Reporting, Risk Assessment, Substantive Testing
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: Nov 2024

AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q3b – Audit Assertions for the Income Statement

Explain two key audit assertions for the income statement.

Question

Audit assertions are claims made by management regarding the accuracy and completeness of various elements of financial statements. These assertions are used by auditors to develop audit procedures and gather evidence to support their audit opinion. Assertions are categorised into those related to the income statement and those related to the statement of financial position.

Required:
Explain TWO key Audit Assertions for the Income Statement.

Answer

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Tags: Audit Assertions, Audit evidence, Financial Reporting, Financial Statements, Income Statement, Substantive Testing
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: Nov 2024

AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q3a – Management’s Expert and Audit Evidence

Explain the term "management’s expert" and four factors to consider before relying on their work as audit evidence.

Question

Question:
ISA 500: Audit Evidence provides guidance for auditors intending to rely on the work of a management’s expert. If the information to be used as audit evidence has been prepared using the work of a management’s expert, the auditor must evaluate the management’s expert.

Required:
i) Explain the term “management’s expert.”
ii) Explain FOUR factors to consider before relying on the work of a management’s expert as audit evidence.

Answer

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Tags: Audit evidence, Audit Reliability, External audit, Financial Reporting, Management’s expert, Professional Judgment, Risk Management
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: Nov 2024

AA – July 2023 – L2 – Q5b – Audit and Assurance Evidence, Professional and Ethical Considerations

Explanation of five benefits of documenting audit work.

Question

b) ISA 230: Audit Documentation deals with the auditor’s responsibility to prepare audit documentation for an audit of financial statements.

Required:
State FIVE (5) benefits of documenting audit work. (5 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit Documentation, Audit Work, Benefits, ISA 230
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence, Professional and Ethical Considerations
Series: JULY 2023

AA – July 2023 – L2 – Q3a – Audit and Assurance Risk Environment, Audit and Assurance Evidence

Procedures external auditors perform to evaluate the effectiveness of data security controls.

Question

a) Abbey Ltd is a medium-sized manufacturing company that produces various products for consumers. The company has a large amount of confidential data, including financial records, trade secrets, and personal information of employees and customers. The company has recently become concerned about cyber security risks and has hired an external auditor to conduct an audit of their data security controls.

Required:
Explain FIVE (5) procedures the External Auditor would need to perform to obtain evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of Abbey Ltd’s data security controls.

(10 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit Procedures, Cybersecurity, Data security, External Auditor
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence, Audit and Assurance Risk Environment
Series: JULY 2023

AA – July 2023 – L2 – Q1c – Audit and Assurance Evidence, Professional and Ethical Considerations

Explanation of fraud risk factors in risk assessment procedures according to ISA 240.

Question

c) ISA 240 (Redrafted): The Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Fraud in an Audit of Financial Statements requires the Auditor to perform procedures to identify the risk of material misstatement due to fraud. The Auditor must evaluate information obtained from other risk assessment procedures to see if any fraud risk factors are present.

Required:
Explain FIVE (5) risk factors in risk assessment procedures with regard to fraud. (5 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Fraud, ISA 240, Misstatement, Risk Assessment
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence, Professional and Ethical Considerations
Series: JULY 2023

AA – July 2023 – L2 – Q1b – Audit and Assurance Risk Environment, Audit and Assurance Evidence

Explanation of control weaknesses inherent in Non-Profit Organizations (NFPOs).

Question

b) Understanding the client’s business environment is critical to understanding the client’s business. There is a need for this because the objectives of commercial organizations are different from that of not-for-profit organizations (NFPOs). The inherent control weaknesses for both forms of organizations may not be the same.

Required:
Explain FIVE (5) control weaknesses inherent in NFPOs. (10 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Internal Control, Non-Profit Organizations, Risk, Weaknesses
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence, Audit and Assurance Risk Environment
Series: JULY 2023

AA – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q4c – Completion Procedures and Reporting, Audit and Assurance Evidence

This question explains the auditor's actions if management refuses to provide representations.

Question

ISA 580: Written Representations guides the use of management representations as audit evidence, the procedures to be applied in evaluating and documenting management representations, and the action to be taken if management refuses to provide appropriate representations.

Required:
Explain the action to be taken by the auditor if management refuses to provide representations.
(3 marks)

Answer

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Tags: ISA 580, Qualified Opinion, Scope Limitation, Written representations
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence, Completion Procedures and Reporting
Series: NOV 2023

AA – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q4a – Audit Failure and Expectation Gap, Audit and Assurance Evidence

This question distinguishes between fraud and error in the audit of financial statements.

Question

ISA 240: The Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Fraud in an Audit of Financial Statements, distinguishes fraud from error and provides significant guidance on the auditor’s responsibilities to consider fraud in an audit of financial statements.

Required:
Distinguish between fraud and error giving an example of each.
(4 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit Responsibility, Error, Financial Statements, Fraud, ISA 240
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence, Audit Failure and Expectation Gap
Series: NOV 2023

AA – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q3b – Audit and Assurance Evidence

This question asks for the verification procedures to be followed for assets, liabilities, and equity in an audit.

Question

Automech Ltd is a manufacturer of automotive parts based in Ghana. The company’s accountant has been manipulating the accounts payable balance by teeming and lading to misrepresent the financial position of the company. The accountant has been recording fictitious invoices and payments to suppliers to increase the accounts payable balance and misrepresent the company’s expenses.

The external auditor, who was engaged to audit the financial statements of the company, performed substantive testing for transaction cycles and verification procedures for assets, liabilities, and equity items. However, the auditor failed to identify the risk of teeming and lading in the accounts payable balance.

During the audit, the auditor reviewed the accounts payable balance and performed confirmation procedures to verify the balance with the suppliers. However, the accountant had provided the auditor with fake confirmation responses, and the auditor failed to detect the fraud.

Although the financial statements of Automech Ltd were misstated, the Auditor issued an unqualified opinion, stating that the financial statements were presented fairly, in all material respects, in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework. After the audit, the fraud was discovered by a whistle-blower, and the accountant was fired. The company’s reputation was damaged, and the external auditor faced legal action for failing to detect the fraud.

Required:
State and explain the procedures that should be followed for verification of assets, liabilities, and equity items in Automech Ltd.
(10 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Assets, Audit evidence, Equity, Liabilities, Verification procedures
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: NOV 2023

AA – Nov 2017 – L2 – Q2b – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Tabulate four tests of controls the auditor would perform on the sales system of Animo Company Limited, along with their objectives.

Question

Animo Company Ltd has been operating in the manufacturing sector for over a decade. The company achieved significant growth but had weak internal controls in its early stages. To meet increasing demand, Animo acquired a large manufacturing plant and six warehouses for final product storage. Sales ordering, goods despatch, and invoicing customers are organized using unique reference numbers, and a price list is updated quarterly. Customers also receive discounts for bulk purchases. Sales orders are managed electronically, with despatch lists and goods delivery notes generated automatically for each order.

Required:
i) Tabulate four tests of controls the auditor would normally carry out on the sales system of Animo Company Limited and state the objective for each test.

ii) Describe two substantive procedures the auditor should perform to confirm Animo Company Limited’s year-end receivables balance.

Answer

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Tags: Audit evidence, Internal Controls, Risk Management, Sales Cycle, Tests of Controls
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: NOV 2017

AA – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q3c – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Outline procedures to determine reliance on an auditor’s expert's work.

Question

Future Prospects Company Ltd is a multinational company operating in Ghana. Its core operations include management of pension funds and real estate development. In preparing the financial statements, they carry out an appraisal of the pension funds to assess its ability to pay benefits to contributors. Periodic revaluation of lands and buildings was also carried out.

Required:
Outline FOUR (4) procedures you will follow to determine whether you can place reliance on work performed by an auditor’s expert.
(8 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit Procedures, Auditor’s Assessment, Evaluation, Expert Reliance, Work Quality
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: NOV 2020

AA – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q3b – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Outline factors to consider when appointing an auditor’s expert.

Question

Required:
Outline FOUR (4) factors you will consider when deciding to appoint an auditor’s expert.
(8 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Auditor's Experts, Evaluation Criteria, Expert Appointment, Expert Qualifications, Independence
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: NOV 2020

AA – Dec 2022 – L2 – Q5c – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Explains three assertions relevant to the audit of tangible non-current assets.

Question

You were recently appointed by Danso & Co Chartered Accountants. You were part of the team that audited a construction company with a huge asset base. Your Manager reviewed your file and raised questions that audit evidence obtained was not relevant since it did not address any assertions of property, plant, and equipment. ISA 500: Audit Evidence requires that audit evidence must be sufficient, relevant, and reliable.

Required:
Explain THREE (3) assertions relevant to the audit of tangible non-current assets

Answer

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Tags: Assertions, Audit Process, Equipment, Plant, Property, Tangible Non-Current Assets
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: DEC 2022

AA – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q3a – Audit and Assurance Evidence

Name two auditor’s experts for pension funds and property valuation.

Question

Required:
In respect of valuation of pension funds, future payments to beneficiaries, and revaluation of properties, name two auditor’s experts on whom possible reliance will be placed during your audit of the company and the work each may perform.
(4 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Auditor's Experts, Expert Reliance, Pension Funds, Property Revaluation, Valuation
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: NOV 2020

AA – Nov 2020 – L2 – Q2a – Audit and Assurance Risk Environment

Discuss procedures to obtain understanding of an entity for a first-time audit.

Question

ISA 315: Identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement through understanding the entity and its environment requires auditors to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, through obtaining an understanding of the entity and its environment, including internal controls, in order to be able to design and perform further audit procedures.

Required:
Discuss FOUR (4) procedures that should be carried out to obtain an understanding of an entity in the conduct of a first-time audit.
(6 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit Procedures, Entity Environment, Internal Controls, ISA 315, Risk Assessment
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: MAY 2016

AA – May 2016 – L2 – Q5c – Audit and Assurance Evidence

This question focuses on the substantive audit procedures for verifying the valuation, completeness, and rights and obligations of property, plant, and equipment.

Question

(c) Describe TWO substantive procedures the external auditor of Okunka should adopt to verify EACH of the following assertions in relation to an entity’s property, plant and equipment:

(i) Valuation
(ii) Completeness
(iii) Rights and obligations.

(Note: Assume that the hospital adopts International Financial Reporting Standards). (6 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit Assertions, Audit evidence, Completeness, Property Plant and Equipment, Rights and Obligations, Substantive Procedures, Valuation
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: MAY 2016

AA – May 2016 – L2 – Q5a – Audit and Assurance Evidence

This question explains the purpose and objectives of a value for money (VFM) audit.

Question

(a) Explain the purpose of value for money audit. (4 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit Objectives, Economy, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Value for Money Audit
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: MAY 2016

AA – May 2016 – L2 – Q3d – Audit and Assurance Evidence

This question discusses the criteria that external auditors should consider when deciding whether to place reliance on the work performed by internal auditors.

Question

(d) ISA 610 using the work of internal auditors provides guidance to external auditors on the use of internal audit work.

Required:
List and explain the various criteria that should be considered by external auditors when assessing whether to take reliance from work performed by internal audit.

(4 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit evidence, Audit Standards, External audit, Internal Audit, Reliance on Audit Work
Level: Level 2

Topic: Audit and Assurance Evidence
Series: MAY 2016

AA – May 2016 – L2 – Q1b – Audit and Assurance Evidence,

This question discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and consequences of enforcing auditing standards by statute.

Question

(b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of auditing standards to auditors and the consequences of them being enforceable by statute. (5 marks)

Answer

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Tags: Audit Framework, Auditing Standards, Professional Judgment, Regulatory Framework, Statutory Audit
Level: Level 2