Series: NOV 2017

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q7 – Audit of IT Systems and Data Analytics

Assess key controls for an online trading business, evaluate associated risks with electronic data interchange, and suggest effective risk mitigation controls.

Young Entrepreneur Trading (YET) is an online trading business established by Yemisi Tumfere. YET sources household goods from various local and international manufacturers, placing orders online with suppliers. Customers also place online orders, and invoices are processed and sent to stores for dispatch through a network of delivery centers across the country.

YET, dissatisfied with its previous auditors, has approached your firm for the audit engagement, with professional clearance obtained. As the audit manager, you are responsible for the engagement, with several new trainees under your supervision who are unfamiliar with controls for online businesses.

Requirements:
a. Discuss FIVE controls an auditor should focus on to assess the effectiveness of controls in an online system like YET. (5 Marks)
b. Evaluate FOUR risks associated with YET’s use of electronic data interchange in an online business and recommend FOUR effective controls to minimize these risks. (10 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q6 – Audit Reporting

Discuss audit report modifications, draft modified report on grant treatment, and analyze auditor’s responsibilities regarding asset valuation.

During the audit of fixed assets for Next Engineering Plc as of December 31, 2016, two issues were encountered:

  1. The cost calculations for direct labor on assets under construction were destroyed, with the direct labor cost totaling ₦20,000,000.
  2. A government grant of ₦50,000,000, received for plant and equipment purchased during the year, was fully credited to the income statement as an exceptional item, though the plant and equipment have a 10-year useful life.

Requirements:
a. Discuss the general forms of modifications available to auditors in drafting their report and specify circumstances for each form.

(6 Marks)
b. Assuming a modified audit report is necessary regarding the government grant treatment, draft the relevant section (entire report not required).

(5 Marks)
c. Analyze the auditor’s general responsibility concerning the directors’ report on land and building valuation.

(4 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q5 – Audit Evidence

Evaluate XYZ Bank’s provision for litigation, discuss audit procedures per ISA 501, and prepare litigation disclosure for financial statements.

You are the audit manager for XYZ Bank Limited for the year ended December 31, 2016. The Bank’s Board noted a litigation issue involving a lawsuit from BBB Limited, where the Bank was found liable for a cheque conversion worth ₦2.1 billion. The high court imposed a penalty on the Bank for this amount, which BBB Limited is now claiming.

The Bank has objected to the judgment, appealing to the Court of Appeal, with legal counsel advising that a favorable outcome is expected. The Bank’s litigation-related financial information is as follows:

  • Provision for litigation (recognized in financial statements): ₦96 million
  • Litigation cases as defendant: 50
  • Litigation cases as plaintiff: 10
  • Claims in favor of the Bank: ₦2.7 billion
  • Claims against the Bank (including the ₦2.1 billion case): ₦3.2 billion

Requirements:
a. Discuss FOUR specific considerations under ISA 501 for obtaining audit evidence on litigation provisions.

(5 Marks)
b. Evaluate the adequacy of the litigation provision recognized in the financial statements as at December 31, 2016.

(5 Marks)
c. Prepare a summary disclosure of the litigation status for inclusion in the financial statement notes as at December 31, 2016.

(5 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q4 – Risk Management in Audits

Assess audit risks in taking on Pony Bank Plc, recommend management and audit firm actions to address financial statement risks, and draft a management letter.

The management of Pony Bank Plc and its wholly owned subsidiary, Ponte Micro Finance Bank Limited, engaged in fraudulent activities involving the arrangement of bogus loans amounting to ₦5.5 billion in worthless assets, which were undetected by the previous auditors. The former auditors attributed the oversight to a well-organized group within Pony Bank that actively deceived and obstructed the audit process to conceal their actions.

Your firm, Vic Viv & Co, has recently taken on the audit of Pony Bank Plc.

Requirements:
a. Advise the engagement partner on the risks involved in taking up the audit.

(4 Marks)
b. Recommend appropriate actions for management and your firm to address financial statement risks.

(8 Marks)
c. Prepare a management letter with two matters suitable for submission to the directors.

(8 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q3 – Audit Reporting

Assess material and pervasive effects on financial statements, audit procedures, and draft audit report opinion paragraphs for Tophem Bank’s foreign associate investment.

Tophem Bank Nigeria Plc has been operational for 20 years, with your firm auditing the company for the past five years. During the year, Tophem acquired an investment in Accra Insurance Limited, a foreign associate, which is accounted for using the equity method and listed at ₦575 million on the Statement of Financial Position as of December 31, 2016. Tophem’s income for the year includes its share of Accra’s net income. However, the audit team was denied access to Accra’s management, auditors, and financial data.

Following a review of the audit file for the year ended December 31, 2016, your partner has recommended a modified opinion for the audit report, providing a draft outline and requesting your input to complete it.

Requirements:
a. Evaluate the circumstances under which a matter could be both material and pervasive in its effect on the financial statements.

(4 Marks)
b. Explain EIGHT appropriate procedures to follow in the audit assignment before finalizing the audit opinion.

(8 Marks)
c. Draft an appropriate basis of opinion paragraph suitable for inclusion in the auditor’s report.

(4 Marks)
d. Draft an appropriate opinion paragraph suitable for inclusion in the auditor’s report.

(4 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q2 – Group Audits

Assess business risks for Chuks Zaka Limited post-acquisition, evaluate financial statement risks, and outline audit considerations.

Chuks Roberts Plc (CRP) operates as an auto-parts manufacturing company in Nigeria with headquarters in Lagos. CRP plans to manufacture drones for parcel distribution across Africa and has acquired Zaka Roberts Limited (ZRL), a South African company based in Johannesburg, to bring this plan to fruition.

Zaka previously specialized in manufacturing computer-controlled equipment for laboratories and other industries in Africa and the Middle East. The company was owned by five directors/shareholders who accepted CRP’s offer on February 1, 2016, to purchase Zaka’s manufacturing equipment, technology (patent-protected), Cape Town factory, and Johannesburg head office for US$450 million, representing 75% of Zaka’s value.

Effective March 31, 2016, Zaka ceased manufacturing, making most employees redundant except for a select few in marketing, accounts, and administration, with one month’s notice. The restructured entity, now named Chuks Zaka Limited (CZL), will operate as a marketing arm selling CRP’s drones in the South African region, with CRP holding a 55% stake.

Your firm has been CRP’s external auditor and is now engaged to audit CZL.

Required:
a. Analyse and evaluate the business risks that would be assessed by the management of CZL. (6 Marks)
b. Analyse and evaluate the business risks that would be assessed by the directors of CRP.

(6 Marks)
c. Assess and advise on the financial statements’ risks to be considered in planning the audit of CZL for the year ended December 31, 2016.

(8 Marks)

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AAA – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q1 – Quality Control in Audit Firms

Evaluate audit quality issues and procedures in response to a regulatory review of NigerKap Plc.

Bode, Ugo, Musa and Company is a firm of Chartered Accountants that has existed for over 20 years and achieved a strong reputation for quality audit work. The firm has expanded significantly over the past ten years – doubling its client base across different sectors of the Nigerian economy. The firm currently audits two banks, five listed entities, and over seventy other companies. It has also increased its audit staff base and grown the number of its partners from two to seven over the same period.

However, in the last two years, the firm has had a series of regulatory reviews due to several instances of errors noted in some financial statements audited by the firm. One of the clients, the shareholders of NigerKap Plc, petitioned the regulator over a misstatement in the value of their investment property. This resulted in an overstatement of profit and overpayment of taxes by the company based on the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015. The shareholders also threatened to take legal action against the firm.

The Managing Partner (MP) of the firm is very concerned about this situation and has commenced internal procedures to evaluate the quality of audits performed by the firm, especially for the NigerKap audit of 2015. A committee has been set up…

Required:
Discuss the internal procedures that Bode, Ugo, Musa and Company should implement to improve audit quality and prevent further regulatory issues.

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FM – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q7 – Portfolio Management

Evaluate investment risk in different portfolio scenarios and explain the implications of beta and alpha values for KT Plc’s equity.

a. In the context of the selection and holding of investments, discuss each of the following scenarios:

i. An investor holding only one security needs to be concerned with the unsystematic risk of that security. (3 Marks)

ii. However, an investor who holds a number of securities should take account of total risk. (3 Marks)

iii. An investor should never add to a portfolio an investment that yields a return less than the market rate of return. (3 Marks)

b. The equity beta of KT Plc. is 1.2 and the equity alpha is 1.4. Explain the meaning and significance of these values to the company. (6 Marks)

(Total 15 Marks)

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FM – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q6 – Ethical Issues in Financial Management

Explore ethical considerations in capital investment and apply the Black-Scholes model in company valuation.

You have recently taken up employment with Large Plc., a Nigerian company with manufacturing subsidiaries in many countries across Africa. As the Financial Analyst, you report directly to the Managing Director who currently requires briefings on the following areas:

(i) Ethical issues and capital investment decisions,
(ii) Options and company valuation

Required:

a. Explain, with examples, ethical issues that might affect capital investment decisions and discuss the importance of such issues for Strategic Financial Management. (8 Marks)

b. Explain the circumstances in which the Black-Scholes Option Pricing (BSOP) model could be used to assess the value of a company, including the data required for the variables used in the model. (7 Marks)

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FM – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q5 – Corporate Governance and Financial Strategy

Identify stakeholder financial objectives and discuss methods to incentivize directors to maximize shareholder wealth.

Private sector companies have multiple stakeholders who are likely to have divergent interests.

Required:

(a) Identify FIVE stakeholder groups and discuss briefly their financial objectives.
(10 Marks)

(b) Explain ways in which companies’ directors can be encouraged to achieve the objective of maximisation of shareholders’ wealth.
(5 Marks)

(Total 15 Marks)

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CR – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements

Preparation of a consolidated statement of financial position with fair value adjustments, goodwill, non-controlling interest, and other consolidation adjustments.

On 1 June 2015, Makola acquired 85% of the ordinary shares of Kejetia when Kejetia’s other reserves were GH¢4 million and retained earnings were GH¢10 million. The fair value of the net assets of Kejetia was GH¢60 million at 1 June 2015. Kejetia acquired 60% of the ordinary shares of Kotokuraba on 1 June 2015 when the other reserves of Kotokuraba were GH¢8 million and retained earnings were GH¢6 million. The fair value of the net assets of Kotokuraba at that date was GH¢39 million. The excess of the fair value over the net assets of Kejetia and Kotokuraba is due to an increase in the value of non-depreciable land of the companies.

Below are the statements of financial position of the three companies as at 31 May 2017:

Makola (GH¢000) Kejetia (GH¢000) Kotokuraba (GH¢000)
Assets
Non-current assets
Property, Plant & Equipment 275,000 20,000 26,000
Investment in Kejetia 60,000
Investment in Kotokuraba 30,000
Investment Property 10,000
Current Assets
Inventory 40,000 23,200 16,000
Trade Receivables 10,000 5,800 4,000
Total Assets 395,000 79,000 46,000
Equity and Liabilities
Ordinary shares 150,000 40,000 20,000
Other reserves 30,000 5,000 8,000
Retained earnings 135,000 25,000 10,000
Total Equity 315,000 70,000 38,000
Non-current liabilities 45,000 2,000 3,000
Bank Overdraft 35,000 7,000 5,000
Total Liabilities 80,000 9,000 8,000
Total Equity and Liabilities 395,000 79,000 46,000

The following information is relevant to the preparation of the group financial statements:

  1. There have been no issues of ordinary shares in the group since 1 June 2015.
  2. Kejetia owns several trade names highly regarded in the market. None have been acquired externally. Makola recognized a GH¢5 million valuation of these trade names in the acquisition, not included in the net assets of Kejetia. Group policy is to amortize intangible assets over 10 years.
  3. On 1 June 2016, Makola sold inventory to Kejetia for GH¢28 million (cost: GH¢23 million). Kejetia sold this inventory for GH¢35 million on 15 July 2017.
  4. Makola issued 24,000 convertible bonds with a nominal interest rate of 6% and a three-year term, repayable at par. Interest is payable annually in arrears, and each bond can be converted into 300 shares of Makola. The market interest rate for similar debt was 8%. The bonds were issued on 1 June 2016 and accounted for in non-current liabilities at face value.
  5. On 31 May 2017, Makola acquired plant worth GH¢6 million in exchange for land valued at GH¢7 million (carrying value GH¢4 million). Makola made a transfer of GH¢4 million in respect of this transaction.
  6. Goodwill has been tested for impairment at 31 May 2016 and 31 May 2017, and no impairment loss occurred. The group values non-controlling interest at its proportionate share of the subsidiary’s identifiable net assets at acquisition.

Required: Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of the Makola Group as at 31 May 2017 in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q5b – Business income – Corporate income tax

Computing loss to be carried forward and discussing dividend tax treatment.

Kofas Ltd is a mining company incorporated in Ghana. In the 2016 year of assessment, the company furnished the Ghana Revenue Authority with the following:

Item GH¢
Revenue 10,000,000
Cost 2,500,000
Gross Profit 7,500,000
Operating expenses 8,100,000
Net Profit (600,000)

Additional Information:

  • Foopo Ltd paid a dividend of GH¢50,000 to Kofas Ltd, which was included in the revenue. Kofas Ltd holds 25% of the shares in Foopo Ltd.
  • The operating expenses of GH¢8,100,000 include the following:
    • Filing penalties: GH¢1,000
    • Capital work in progress: GH¢200,000
    • Depreciation: GH¢100,000
  • It was agreed with the Ghana Revenue Authority that the capital allowance for the 2016 year of assessment would be GH¢300,000. This allowance is yet to be factored into the computation.

Required:
i) Compute the loss to be carried forward. (5 marks)
ii) Comment on the tax treatment of the dividend paid by Foopo Ltd. (2 marks)
iii) How is unrelieved loss in the mining sector treated? (1 mark)
iv) Under what circumstances will a dividend from petroleum operations be paid to the Government of Ghana? (2 marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q5a – Tax administration in Ghana

Drafting a report on activities reserved for Ghanaians under the GIPC Act, 2013 (Act 865).

In recent times, there has been agitation among the youth about foreigners taking over jobs specifically reserved for indigenes in line with the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC) Act, 2013, Act 865.

The Minister for Trade and Industry has invited you to present a seasoned paper on activities reserved for Ghanaians in accordance with the GIPC Act, 2013, Act 865 for consideration at the next cabinet meeting aimed at creating employment for the teeming youth.

Required:
Draft a report for the Minister in this regard. (10 marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q4b – International taxation

Calculating the CIF and VAT/NHIL for imported goods.

Obiba JK Enterprise imports component parts from China and assembles them into various forms of office equipment. On 1 January 2016, component parts were imported with the following details:

Item Cost ($)
Cost of containers 2,200
Cost of packing for labor and materials 550
Cost of materials used in production 15,600
Cost of tools inserted in the components 3,750
Development and design costs 630
Royalties and licenses 330
Cost of labor and others in China 7,400
Shipping and transport to Tema Harbour GH¢16,200
Loading, unloading, and handling charges GH¢5,400
Cost of marine insurance GH¢2,958.30
Assembling overhead cost GH¢23,400
Fees for freight services to Tema Harbour GH¢3,700

Additional Information:

  • Trade discount of 2% on the cost of goods (not yet accounted for).
  • Excise duty of $560 paid in China (included in the labor cost).
  • Contingent discounts and rebates of 1% (already accounted for).
  • Technical assistance of GH¢3,000 after the goods arrived at the factory.
  • Average exchange rate was $1 = GH¢3.11.
  • Import duty is 20%.

Required:
i) Compute the Cost, Insurance, and Freight (CIF), clearly showing workings of each component.

(9marks)

ii) Compute the VAT/NHIL. (1 mark)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q4a – Tax administration in Ghana

Drafting a report on CST procedures for returns submission, payment, and dispute resolution.

SwissCom Ltd, a Swiss-based Information and Communication Technology company, is hopeful of investing in Ghana. The CEO of the company participated in a tax conference in Paris, France, and met Obodai of GoodLuck & Associates, a firm of Chartered Accountants in Ghana. He took the opportunity to discuss with Mr. Obodai SwissCom’s intention to invest in Ghana and contracted GoodLuck & Associates to brief him on the Communications Service Tax (CST) regime in Ghana. The CEO already understands what CST is and the enterprises that charge CST.

Required:
Draft a report in which you:
i) Indicate the procedures for submission of returns and payment of tax. Also, provide any penalties or sanctions if these are not done. (6 marks)
ii) Explain to the CEO any dispute resolution procedures available to him. (4 marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q3d – Tax administration in Ghana, Tax planning

Explaining the tax implications on early withdrawal from the voluntary 3rd tier.

Mango Company Ltd has written to you as a tax advisor to advise on the tax implication of an employee withdrawing from the contribution to the voluntary third (3rd) tier before its 10th anniversary.

Required:
State the tax implication on such withdrawals.

(2 marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q3c – Business income – Corporate income tax

Identifying tax exposure on transfer from income surplus to stated capital.

In order to increase its stated capital, XYZ Ltd transferred an amount from its income surplus account. As a tax advisor, identify the types of taxes XYZ Ltd is exposed to on the above arrangement.

(4 marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q3b – Tax planning

Explaining the variables that constitute tax planning.

Tax planning is the act of arranging one’s tax affairs in ways that postpone or avoid taxes. By employing effective tax planning variables, one can have more positive cash flows to save and invest or more money to spend.

Required:
Explain what constitutes the variables of tax planning. (4 marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q3a – Business income – Corporate income tax, Tax planning

Evaluating the tax implications of an ICT hardware manufacturing business versus a mango plantation investment.

Following the government’s commitment to build one factory in each district in Ghana, an investor from Mauritius intends to invest in an ICT-Hardware manufacturing company to be located at Nsawam in the Eastern region of Ghana or start a mango plantation company at Aburi in the Eastern region of Ghana in response to the government’s investment drive.

As part of the investment, he intends to incur the following costs and start operations in 2018 on either proposal (ICT Hardware or Mango plantation):

Item Cost (GH¢)
Building 4,000,000
Plant and Machinery 6,500,000
Furniture and Fittings 100,000
Computers 100,000

Additionally, he intends to recruit fresh graduates from the Islamic University College of Ghana. It is further projected that in the first 3 years (2018, 2019, and 2020), the business will make losses as follows:

  • Year 2018: (GH¢20,000)
  • Year 2019: (GH¢18,000)
  • Year 2020: (GH¢10,000)

The investor hopes to start making profits from 2021 and intends to borrow a loan at 20% interest from his USA associate, amounting to the equivalent of GH¢80,000,000. The equity he intends to start with is GH¢20,000,000.

Required:
As a tax adviser, evaluate the proposed investment by the Mauritius investor and the tax implication on the various activities highlighted in the scenario.

(10 marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q2b – Tax administration in Ghana

Identifying circumstances under which tax revenue is at risk.

Identify THREE circumstances under which tax revenue is said to be at risk. (3 marks)

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