Material and Labour Variances
The data below relates to Agbamame Enterprise for its flagship product, “Herb of Life”:

Standard Cost Card – Per Unit of Herb of Life

Description Cost (GH¢)
Direct materials 5 kg at GH¢4 per kg = GH¢20
Direct labour 4 hours at GH¢15 per DLH = GH¢60
Variable overhead 4 hours at GH¢20 per DLH = GH¢80
Fixed overhead GH¢50 per unit

Budgeted production: 600 units
Actual sales and production: 550 units

Actual cost of:

Actual Costs Cost (GH¢)
Labour (1650 hours) 16,500
Materials (1650 kg) 5,775
Fixed overhead 15,000
Variable overhead 13,275

Data shows that 5% of labour hours paid for was idle, and 10% of materials bought was in stock at the end of the period.

Required:
i) Calculate the material variances.
ii) Calculate the labour variances.

Material Variances

Variance Type Calculation Amount (GH¢)
Material Price Variance (MPV) AQ × (SP – AP) 825 (Favorable)
Material Quantity Variance (MQV) SP × (SQ – AQ) 4,400 (Adverse)

ii) Labour Variances

Variance Type Calculation Amount (GH¢)
Labour Rate Variance (LRV) AH × (SR – AR) 8,250 (Favorable)
Labour Efficiency Variance (LEV) SR × (SH – AH) 9,487.5 (Favorable)