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STP – Feb 2018 – L2 – Q4- Taxation and Operating Strategies

Calculate Honson Plc's tax liability for Kumasi/Accra, advise on Nsawam, and discuss non-tax factors for facility location.

Honson Pic, a UK-based manufacturing company, is planning to build a new processing facility in Ghana. The Chief Executive Officer in a meeting with Management needs to decide whether to cite the facility in Accra or in Kumasi. Market intelligence has no preference for citing the facility either in Kumasi or Accra since information gathered indicate that business activities would largely be same in Kumasi and Accra for the next 10 years.

The following forecast information is relevant for the decision-making process being considered by management.

Kumasi Accra GH¢ GH¢

Required: i. Calculate Hamson Plc’s income tax liability for each proposed location for the first year. ii. Would you advise Hamson Plc to consider citing the facility in Nsawam, taking into consideration the close proximity of Nsawam to Accra? iii. Discuss three (3) non-tax factors that Hamson UK Plc may consider in the decision-making process to locate the facility either in Kumasi, Accra or elsewhere in the country.

b). With reference to the Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) explain the following: i. Private Ruling issued by the Commissioner-General: (2 marks) ii. Conditions under which a Private Ruling will be binding on the Commissioner-General and on the person to whom the Private Ruling is issued.

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STP – Aug 2012 – L3 – Q1 – Tax Computation

Compute tax liability for Jamaa Mining Company for 2008 and 2009 based on provided financials.

The profit and loss account of Jamaa Mining Company Ltd for the years ended December 2008 and 2009 are as tabled below:

Year Ended 31 December (all amounts in ‘000)
2009 GHC 2008 GHC
Turnover 309,000 430,000
Cost of Sales (164,000)
Gross Profit 145,000
General and Admin Exp (100,000)
Operating Profit 45,000
Other Income 5,300
Net Profit before tax 50,300
Income Tax provision 12,575
Transfer to Income Surplus 37,725
Income Surplus Account
Balance brought forward 46,945
Transfer from profit and loss account 9,220
Surplus carried forward 46,945

Notes:
2. Turnover is made up as follows
For year

2009 2008
Collected for year but included in prior year a/c 291,000
Interest income received for 18 months 0 18,000
309,000
  1. Cost of sales includes:

2009 2008
Withholding taxes paid 1,500 1,000
VAT unclaimed 6,000 8,000
Depreciation 43,000 25,000

4a. Gen and Admin expenses includes

2009 2008
Rent prepaid of 3,000
Rent outstanding 500 500

4b. Includes unrealized foreign exchange gain of but realized in 2009

2009 2008
2,000 2,000

The GRA has agreed a capital allowance of GHC20,000 for year 2009 and GHC15,000 for year 2008.

Required:
Please advise management of Jamaa Mining Company Ltd on the tax due to the GRA for the years 2009 and 2008.

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AT – Mar 2025 – L3 – Q5 – Transfer Pricing

Prepare a functional analysis for a multinational group's entities from a transfer pricing perspective.

a) The global mobile technology industry is rapidly growing and Amega Cell LTD (AMC), has established itself as a leading Multinational Entity (MNE) in this industry. The AMC group is made up of entities involved in the manufacture, distribution and sale of media and communications processors (MCPs) that deliver advanced technologies and unmatched performance to desktop, mobile and professional systems.

Sarpeiman Technologies LTD (STL), in country A is responsible for conducting research and development, creating new MCPs for use in the telecommunication and mobile technology industry, as well as improvements in the design of MCPs. STL employs a number of highly skilled technical staff, including qualified software and electronic engineers. All of the AMC group’s intellectual property is legally owned by STL.

Resident in Country B is STL-Sub1, a wholly owned subsidiary of STL. STL-Sub1 is the entity in charge of manufacturing all of AMC’s products, making use of the know-how and intellectual property of STL. STL-Sub1 makes royalty payments to STL for the use of know-how in the manufacturing process for the MCPs. STL-Sub1 sells finished products to STL-Sub2 and STL-Sub3.

Resident in Country C is STL-Sub2, an entity which purchases finished goods from STL-Sub1 which it then distributes to end customers in the Country C. STL-Sub2 makes royalty payments to STL for use of the intellectual property attached to the products it sells to end customers.

Resident in Country D is STL-Sub3, an entity which purchases finished goods from STL-Sub1, which it then distributes to end customers in Country D. STL-Sub3 makes royalty payments to STL for the use of the intellectual property attached to the products it sells to end customers.

Each distributor entity within the group has an office, and employs highly-skilled staff involved in activities including administration, procurement, marketing and sales. Marketing and sales staff employed in this industry need to possess strong technical knowledge and communicate this to potential customers.

Required:

From a transfer pricing perspective, prepare a functional analysis of the parent company, indicating the entity characterisation for each group entity.

b) Chariston LTD, a US based company intends investing in Ghana for the first time. In the evaluation of the acquisition proposal, the following options are offered:

i) To acquire 50%

ii) To acquire 51%

The Ghanaian company identified as the target is into ceramic manufacturing and is located at Adukrom, a district capital in the Eastern Region of Ghana.

Required:

With practical illustrations, explain what Chariston LTD stands to benefit from both acquisition and also the implication for holding either option.

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AT – Nov 2023 – L3 – SC – Q7 – Taxation of Specialized Businesses

Calculation of tax liabilities under the Mining Act and an explanation of tax neutralities with applications to policy issues.

Udi Nigeria Limited is a mining company which was established ten years ago. The company makes up its accounts to December 31 of every year. The Managing Director, who is an engineer, while having a chat with his former colleagues in the university during the week, heard for the first time, the concept of tax neutralities. He wondered how tax could be neutral.

On getting to the office the following week, he requested further information on tax neutralities from the accountant, but based on his personal opinion, the accountant’s response was not convincing enough.

The company is in the process of filing its annual returns for the year ended December 31, 2021, to the tax authorities. The Managing Director has directed the Financial Accountant to forward the following reports to you (being the company’s Tax Consultant) in respect of the company’s operational activities for the year:

Operational Results:

Description N’000
Gross Turnover 125,490
Salaries and Wages 25,900
Depreciation of Mining Equipment 15,400
Transport and Traveling 2,100
Repairs and Maintenance 3,700
Allowance for Bad Debts 6,200
Electricity and Other Utilities 4,660
Legal and Professional Fees 4,850
Certified Exploration Expenditure 4,500
Administrative Expenses 1,450
Development and Processing Expenditure 2,500
Miscellaneous Expenses 3,420
Total Deductibles 74,680
Net Profit 50,810

Additional Information:

  1. Repairs and maintenance included an amount of N1,500,000, being cost of fittings incurred at the operational site.
  2. Capital allowances computed:
    • Brought forward: N750,000
    • Current year (excluding current year capital expenditure): N12,200,000
    • Total: N12,950,000

Required:

As the company’s Tax Consultant, you are to prepare a report to the Managing Director of Udi Nigeria Limited, which will:

a. Show the tax liabilities payable by the company for the relevant assessment year in line with the provisions of Nigerian Minerals and Mining Act 2007 (as amended). (9 Marks)

b. Explain the concept of tax neutralities and its applications to specific policy issues. (6 Marks)

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AT – Nov 2023 – L3 – SC – Q5 – Tax Administration and Dispute Resolution

Steps and objectives in handling a tax audit with FIRS and the required documentation.

Zola Nigeria Limited has been in business for several years, preparing its accounts to December 31 of every year. Prior to the last two years, the company had a very good relationship with the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) as far as prompt filing of annual tax returns and payment of tax liabilities are concerned. The company was, however, fined for late filing of returns in the last financial year ended December 31, 2020.

In compliance with the provisions of the Companies Income Tax Act Cap C21 LFN 2004 (as amended), the company filed its annual returns for the 2022 assessment year (year ended December 31, 2021) within the statutory period. Payment of tax due was also made.

The review done by the tax officials at the FIRS on the tax returns filed by the company necessitated the request for additional relevant documents to authenticate some items of expenditure and capital allowances claimed. The FIRS subsequently wrote a letter to the company for the submission of the documents within two weeks of the receipt of the letter. The receipt of the letter was acknowledged by the company, but it, however, failed to forward the required documents to the tax authorities. A reminder was sent to the company four weeks after the first letter was written, yet it failed to respond to the request made.

The Managing Director of the company has just received a letter from the tax office that a team of tax inspectors will be visiting the company in a fortnight to conduct a tax audit.

The company has approached your firm of chartered accountants to assist with advice on how the company should handle the forthcoming tax audit.

Required:

Your Principal Partner has directed you, as a newly employed Audit Senior, to handle the engagement and expects you to prepare a report for his review before sending the same to the client. The report should address the following:

a. Objectives of tax audits (5 Marks)

b. Stages in a typical tax audit process (4 Marks)

c. Schedule of requirements for FIRS tax audit (6 Marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q5 – Tax Administration and Dispute Resolution

Outline objection and appeal procedures for FIRS additional assessment.

Papa Ejima Limited, a manufacturing company, filed tax returns for the 2014 Assessment Year. The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) issued additional assessments totaling N360,000 for Value Added Tax (VAT) and N3,050,000 for Withholding Tax (WHT). The Managing Director disputes this assessment, asserting the accuracy of the company’s tax filings.

The records of the company for the Accounting Year ended December 31, 2013 showed:

Description Amount (N)
Revenue 187,500,000
Cost of sales (102,500,000)
Gross Profit 85,000,000
Other income 31,250,000
Operating expenses (57,250,000)
Interest and similar charges (3,200,000)
Profit before tax 55,800,000
Taxation (6,250,000)
Profit after tax 49,550,000
Dividend (38,500,000)
Retained profit for the year 11,050,000

Other relevant information includes:

  1. Revenue:
    • Export sales: N58,500,000
    • Local sales: N129,000,000
  2. Cost of sales:
    • Opening inventory (VAT inclusive): N22,800,000
    • Closing stock (VAT inclusive): N37,150,000
    • Purchase of raw material: N90,600,000
    • Freight charges: N18,700,000
    • Other direct materials: N27,550,000
  3. Other income:
    • Foreign exchange gain: N4,800,000
    • Profit on sale of Non-current assets (sales proceeds is N21.5m): N8,850,000
    • Management fees from subsidiary companies: N17,600,000
  4. Operating expenses:
    • Office rent: N18,000,000
    • Audit fees: N4,000,000
    • Consultancy fees to ZXY Ltd: N11,000,000
    • Directors’ fees: N7,500,000
    • Other expenses: N16,750,000
  5. Additional details:
    • The company purchased Non-Current Assets (VAT inclusive): N84,000,000
    • VAT remitted to FIRS during the year: N1,976,235
    • WHT remitted to FIRS during the year: N6,650,000

Required:
As the tax consultant for the company, prepare a memo to advise the Managing Director on the appropriate objection and appeal procedures available to the company under the tax regulations.

(Total 15 Marks)

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TAX – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q5b – Companies Income Tax (CIT)

This question requires the computation of Adebola Nigeria Limited's tax liabilities and withholding tax payable for 2013 and 2014.

Adebola Nigeria Limited has been trading for many years. The company makes up its accounts to 31 December annually. The extracts from its Statement of Comprehensive Income for the years ended 31 December 2013 and 2014 (as adjusted for tax purposes) are as follows:

Year ended 31 December 2014 (₦) 2013 (₦)
Profit for the year 14,000,000 10,000,000
Bank interest received (gross) 2,400,000 1,600,000
Debenture interest received (gross) 800,000 800,000
Dividend received from Adesemowo Ltd. (Net) 720,000 720,000
Dividend paid to shareholders (gross) 6,000,000 4,000,000

Required:
i. Compute the company’s tax liabilities for the relevant years of assessment. Ignore capital allowances. (5 Marks)
ii. Determine the net withholding tax payable or receivable by Adebola Nigeria Limited, arising from dividends paid and received by it. (4 Marks)

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AT – MAR 2024 – L3 – Q4 – Business Income – Corporate Income Tax | Capital Allowance

Covers capital allowance computation, tax rules on long-term contracts, and chargeable income calculation.

Finstruct Ltd has been awarded an airport terminal project. The project started on 1 January 2022 for a contract sum of GH¢60,000,000. The construction of the airport is to be completed on 31 December 2023.

Finstruct Ltd has a financial year ending on 31 December each year. On 31 December 2022, the accounts appropriate to the airport contract contained the following:

Cost Item GH¢
Cost of construction materials 25,500,000
Direct wages of construction staff 22,100,000
Hire of special equipment 300,000
Cost of soil test 100,000
Purchase of fuel and lubricants 750,000
Consultancy services 135,000

Additional information:
i) Materials costing GH¢340,000 sent to the site were returned to the company’s warehouse.
ii) Materials sent to the site worth GH¢675,000 were still unused at the construction site as of 31 December 2022.
iii) Finstruct Ltd pays some of its workers the first week of the ensuing month after the end of the current month. GH¢57,000 is still owed for wages as of the close of the year 2022, and this was not included in the accounts.
iv) A bill amounting to GH¢45,000 was submitted late by Finstruct Ltd, and as of 31 December 2022, the bill had not yet been paid. This was not included in the accounts.
v) It is estimated that the cost to complete the project as of 31 December 2022 should be GH¢8,265,180.
vi) The following details are available on assets of Finstruct Ltd:

Required:
a) Compute the capital allowance for Finstruct Ltd for the year 2022. (6 marks)
b) Explain the tax rules on long-term contracts and compute the percentage of contract completion of the project. (4 marks)
c) Compute the chargeable income of Finstruct Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2022. (10 marks)

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AT – Dec 2023 – L3 – Q2b – Tax planning

Discussing tax planning opportunities available to sole proprietorships that are not available to limited liability companies.

Tax planning opportunities are available to all persons. All business units may not have the same tax planning opportunities, hence the need to carefully select a business unit that may provide the intended benefits to the owner or owners.

Required:
Discuss FOUR (4) tax planning opportunities available to sole proprietorships which may not be available to limited liability companies.

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AT – Nov 2015 – L3 – Q2a – Capital allowance

Explaining the conditions under which the Ghana Revenue Authority grants capital allowances.

Capital allowance is an incentive granted to all persons in business and investment. They are, however, granted upon fulfillment of certain conditions.

Required:
Explain fully the conditions under which GRA may grant Capital Allowance to a person.

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STP – Feb 2018 – L2 – Q4- Taxation and Operating Strategies

Calculate Honson Plc's tax liability for Kumasi/Accra, advise on Nsawam, and discuss non-tax factors for facility location.

Honson Pic, a UK-based manufacturing company, is planning to build a new processing facility in Ghana. The Chief Executive Officer in a meeting with Management needs to decide whether to cite the facility in Accra or in Kumasi. Market intelligence has no preference for citing the facility either in Kumasi or Accra since information gathered indicate that business activities would largely be same in Kumasi and Accra for the next 10 years.

The following forecast information is relevant for the decision-making process being considered by management.

Kumasi Accra GH¢ GH¢

Required: i. Calculate Hamson Plc’s income tax liability for each proposed location for the first year. ii. Would you advise Hamson Plc to consider citing the facility in Nsawam, taking into consideration the close proximity of Nsawam to Accra? iii. Discuss three (3) non-tax factors that Hamson UK Plc may consider in the decision-making process to locate the facility either in Kumasi, Accra or elsewhere in the country.

b). With reference to the Income Tax Act, 2015 (Act 896) explain the following: i. Private Ruling issued by the Commissioner-General: (2 marks) ii. Conditions under which a Private Ruling will be binding on the Commissioner-General and on the person to whom the Private Ruling is issued.

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STP – Aug 2012 – L3 – Q1 – Tax Computation

Compute tax liability for Jamaa Mining Company for 2008 and 2009 based on provided financials.

The profit and loss account of Jamaa Mining Company Ltd for the years ended December 2008 and 2009 are as tabled below:

Year Ended 31 December (all amounts in ‘000)
2009 GHC 2008 GHC
Turnover 309,000 430,000
Cost of Sales (164,000)
Gross Profit 145,000
General and Admin Exp (100,000)
Operating Profit 45,000
Other Income 5,300
Net Profit before tax 50,300
Income Tax provision 12,575
Transfer to Income Surplus 37,725
Income Surplus Account
Balance brought forward 46,945
Transfer from profit and loss account 9,220
Surplus carried forward 46,945

Notes:
2. Turnover is made up as follows
For year

2009 2008
Collected for year but included in prior year a/c 291,000
Interest income received for 18 months 0 18,000
309,000
  1. Cost of sales includes:

2009 2008
Withholding taxes paid 1,500 1,000
VAT unclaimed 6,000 8,000
Depreciation 43,000 25,000

4a. Gen and Admin expenses includes

2009 2008
Rent prepaid of 3,000
Rent outstanding 500 500

4b. Includes unrealized foreign exchange gain of but realized in 2009

2009 2008
2,000 2,000

The GRA has agreed a capital allowance of GHC20,000 for year 2009 and GHC15,000 for year 2008.

Required:
Please advise management of Jamaa Mining Company Ltd on the tax due to the GRA for the years 2009 and 2008.

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AT – Mar 2025 – L3 – Q5 – Transfer Pricing

Prepare a functional analysis for a multinational group's entities from a transfer pricing perspective.

a) The global mobile technology industry is rapidly growing and Amega Cell LTD (AMC), has established itself as a leading Multinational Entity (MNE) in this industry. The AMC group is made up of entities involved in the manufacture, distribution and sale of media and communications processors (MCPs) that deliver advanced technologies and unmatched performance to desktop, mobile and professional systems.

Sarpeiman Technologies LTD (STL), in country A is responsible for conducting research and development, creating new MCPs for use in the telecommunication and mobile technology industry, as well as improvements in the design of MCPs. STL employs a number of highly skilled technical staff, including qualified software and electronic engineers. All of the AMC group’s intellectual property is legally owned by STL.

Resident in Country B is STL-Sub1, a wholly owned subsidiary of STL. STL-Sub1 is the entity in charge of manufacturing all of AMC’s products, making use of the know-how and intellectual property of STL. STL-Sub1 makes royalty payments to STL for the use of know-how in the manufacturing process for the MCPs. STL-Sub1 sells finished products to STL-Sub2 and STL-Sub3.

Resident in Country C is STL-Sub2, an entity which purchases finished goods from STL-Sub1 which it then distributes to end customers in the Country C. STL-Sub2 makes royalty payments to STL for use of the intellectual property attached to the products it sells to end customers.

Resident in Country D is STL-Sub3, an entity which purchases finished goods from STL-Sub1, which it then distributes to end customers in Country D. STL-Sub3 makes royalty payments to STL for the use of the intellectual property attached to the products it sells to end customers.

Each distributor entity within the group has an office, and employs highly-skilled staff involved in activities including administration, procurement, marketing and sales. Marketing and sales staff employed in this industry need to possess strong technical knowledge and communicate this to potential customers.

Required:

From a transfer pricing perspective, prepare a functional analysis of the parent company, indicating the entity characterisation for each group entity.

b) Chariston LTD, a US based company intends investing in Ghana for the first time. In the evaluation of the acquisition proposal, the following options are offered:

i) To acquire 50%

ii) To acquire 51%

The Ghanaian company identified as the target is into ceramic manufacturing and is located at Adukrom, a district capital in the Eastern Region of Ghana.

Required:

With practical illustrations, explain what Chariston LTD stands to benefit from both acquisition and also the implication for holding either option.

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AT – Nov 2023 – L3 – SC – Q7 – Taxation of Specialized Businesses

Calculation of tax liabilities under the Mining Act and an explanation of tax neutralities with applications to policy issues.

Udi Nigeria Limited is a mining company which was established ten years ago. The company makes up its accounts to December 31 of every year. The Managing Director, who is an engineer, while having a chat with his former colleagues in the university during the week, heard for the first time, the concept of tax neutralities. He wondered how tax could be neutral.

On getting to the office the following week, he requested further information on tax neutralities from the accountant, but based on his personal opinion, the accountant’s response was not convincing enough.

The company is in the process of filing its annual returns for the year ended December 31, 2021, to the tax authorities. The Managing Director has directed the Financial Accountant to forward the following reports to you (being the company’s Tax Consultant) in respect of the company’s operational activities for the year:

Operational Results:

Description N’000
Gross Turnover 125,490
Salaries and Wages 25,900
Depreciation of Mining Equipment 15,400
Transport and Traveling 2,100
Repairs and Maintenance 3,700
Allowance for Bad Debts 6,200
Electricity and Other Utilities 4,660
Legal and Professional Fees 4,850
Certified Exploration Expenditure 4,500
Administrative Expenses 1,450
Development and Processing Expenditure 2,500
Miscellaneous Expenses 3,420
Total Deductibles 74,680
Net Profit 50,810

Additional Information:

  1. Repairs and maintenance included an amount of N1,500,000, being cost of fittings incurred at the operational site.
  2. Capital allowances computed:
    • Brought forward: N750,000
    • Current year (excluding current year capital expenditure): N12,200,000
    • Total: N12,950,000

Required:

As the company’s Tax Consultant, you are to prepare a report to the Managing Director of Udi Nigeria Limited, which will:

a. Show the tax liabilities payable by the company for the relevant assessment year in line with the provisions of Nigerian Minerals and Mining Act 2007 (as amended). (9 Marks)

b. Explain the concept of tax neutralities and its applications to specific policy issues. (6 Marks)

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AT – Nov 2023 – L3 – SC – Q5 – Tax Administration and Dispute Resolution

Steps and objectives in handling a tax audit with FIRS and the required documentation.

Zola Nigeria Limited has been in business for several years, preparing its accounts to December 31 of every year. Prior to the last two years, the company had a very good relationship with the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) as far as prompt filing of annual tax returns and payment of tax liabilities are concerned. The company was, however, fined for late filing of returns in the last financial year ended December 31, 2020.

In compliance with the provisions of the Companies Income Tax Act Cap C21 LFN 2004 (as amended), the company filed its annual returns for the 2022 assessment year (year ended December 31, 2021) within the statutory period. Payment of tax due was also made.

The review done by the tax officials at the FIRS on the tax returns filed by the company necessitated the request for additional relevant documents to authenticate some items of expenditure and capital allowances claimed. The FIRS subsequently wrote a letter to the company for the submission of the documents within two weeks of the receipt of the letter. The receipt of the letter was acknowledged by the company, but it, however, failed to forward the required documents to the tax authorities. A reminder was sent to the company four weeks after the first letter was written, yet it failed to respond to the request made.

The Managing Director of the company has just received a letter from the tax office that a team of tax inspectors will be visiting the company in a fortnight to conduct a tax audit.

The company has approached your firm of chartered accountants to assist with advice on how the company should handle the forthcoming tax audit.

Required:

Your Principal Partner has directed you, as a newly employed Audit Senior, to handle the engagement and expects you to prepare a report for his review before sending the same to the client. The report should address the following:

a. Objectives of tax audits (5 Marks)

b. Stages in a typical tax audit process (4 Marks)

c. Schedule of requirements for FIRS tax audit (6 Marks)

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AT – Nov 2017 – L3 – Q5 – Tax Administration and Dispute Resolution

Outline objection and appeal procedures for FIRS additional assessment.

Papa Ejima Limited, a manufacturing company, filed tax returns for the 2014 Assessment Year. The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) issued additional assessments totaling N360,000 for Value Added Tax (VAT) and N3,050,000 for Withholding Tax (WHT). The Managing Director disputes this assessment, asserting the accuracy of the company’s tax filings.

The records of the company for the Accounting Year ended December 31, 2013 showed:

Description Amount (N)
Revenue 187,500,000
Cost of sales (102,500,000)
Gross Profit 85,000,000
Other income 31,250,000
Operating expenses (57,250,000)
Interest and similar charges (3,200,000)
Profit before tax 55,800,000
Taxation (6,250,000)
Profit after tax 49,550,000
Dividend (38,500,000)
Retained profit for the year 11,050,000

Other relevant information includes:

  1. Revenue:
    • Export sales: N58,500,000
    • Local sales: N129,000,000
  2. Cost of sales:
    • Opening inventory (VAT inclusive): N22,800,000
    • Closing stock (VAT inclusive): N37,150,000
    • Purchase of raw material: N90,600,000
    • Freight charges: N18,700,000
    • Other direct materials: N27,550,000
  3. Other income:
    • Foreign exchange gain: N4,800,000
    • Profit on sale of Non-current assets (sales proceeds is N21.5m): N8,850,000
    • Management fees from subsidiary companies: N17,600,000
  4. Operating expenses:
    • Office rent: N18,000,000
    • Audit fees: N4,000,000
    • Consultancy fees to ZXY Ltd: N11,000,000
    • Directors’ fees: N7,500,000
    • Other expenses: N16,750,000
  5. Additional details:
    • The company purchased Non-Current Assets (VAT inclusive): N84,000,000
    • VAT remitted to FIRS during the year: N1,976,235
    • WHT remitted to FIRS during the year: N6,650,000

Required:
As the tax consultant for the company, prepare a memo to advise the Managing Director on the appropriate objection and appeal procedures available to the company under the tax regulations.

(Total 15 Marks)

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TAX – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q5b – Companies Income Tax (CIT)

This question requires the computation of Adebola Nigeria Limited's tax liabilities and withholding tax payable for 2013 and 2014.

Adebola Nigeria Limited has been trading for many years. The company makes up its accounts to 31 December annually. The extracts from its Statement of Comprehensive Income for the years ended 31 December 2013 and 2014 (as adjusted for tax purposes) are as follows:

Year ended 31 December 2014 (₦) 2013 (₦)
Profit for the year 14,000,000 10,000,000
Bank interest received (gross) 2,400,000 1,600,000
Debenture interest received (gross) 800,000 800,000
Dividend received from Adesemowo Ltd. (Net) 720,000 720,000
Dividend paid to shareholders (gross) 6,000,000 4,000,000

Required:
i. Compute the company’s tax liabilities for the relevant years of assessment. Ignore capital allowances. (5 Marks)
ii. Determine the net withholding tax payable or receivable by Adebola Nigeria Limited, arising from dividends paid and received by it. (4 Marks)

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AT – MAR 2024 – L3 – Q4 – Business Income – Corporate Income Tax | Capital Allowance

Covers capital allowance computation, tax rules on long-term contracts, and chargeable income calculation.

Finstruct Ltd has been awarded an airport terminal project. The project started on 1 January 2022 for a contract sum of GH¢60,000,000. The construction of the airport is to be completed on 31 December 2023.

Finstruct Ltd has a financial year ending on 31 December each year. On 31 December 2022, the accounts appropriate to the airport contract contained the following:

Cost Item GH¢
Cost of construction materials 25,500,000
Direct wages of construction staff 22,100,000
Hire of special equipment 300,000
Cost of soil test 100,000
Purchase of fuel and lubricants 750,000
Consultancy services 135,000

Additional information:
i) Materials costing GH¢340,000 sent to the site were returned to the company’s warehouse.
ii) Materials sent to the site worth GH¢675,000 were still unused at the construction site as of 31 December 2022.
iii) Finstruct Ltd pays some of its workers the first week of the ensuing month after the end of the current month. GH¢57,000 is still owed for wages as of the close of the year 2022, and this was not included in the accounts.
iv) A bill amounting to GH¢45,000 was submitted late by Finstruct Ltd, and as of 31 December 2022, the bill had not yet been paid. This was not included in the accounts.
v) It is estimated that the cost to complete the project as of 31 December 2022 should be GH¢8,265,180.
vi) The following details are available on assets of Finstruct Ltd:

Required:
a) Compute the capital allowance for Finstruct Ltd for the year 2022. (6 marks)
b) Explain the tax rules on long-term contracts and compute the percentage of contract completion of the project. (4 marks)
c) Compute the chargeable income of Finstruct Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2022. (10 marks)

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AT – Dec 2023 – L3 – Q2b – Tax planning

Discussing tax planning opportunities available to sole proprietorships that are not available to limited liability companies.

Tax planning opportunities are available to all persons. All business units may not have the same tax planning opportunities, hence the need to carefully select a business unit that may provide the intended benefits to the owner or owners.

Required:
Discuss FOUR (4) tax planning opportunities available to sole proprietorships which may not be available to limited liability companies.

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AT – Nov 2015 – L3 – Q2a – Capital allowance

Explaining the conditions under which the Ghana Revenue Authority grants capital allowances.

Capital allowance is an incentive granted to all persons in business and investment. They are, however, granted upon fulfillment of certain conditions.

Required:
Explain fully the conditions under which GRA may grant Capital Allowance to a person.

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