Question Tag: Corporate Governance

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  • 5 Marks

SCS – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5c – Board Independence and Accountability in Corporate Governance

Evaluation of how the governance structure at BOGML affects board independence and accountability.

There are a number of concepts of good corporate governance that every entity, including BOGML, must strive to adhere to.

Required:
Provide an evaluation of how the existing corporate governance structure at BOGML may undermine or compromise the following key concepts of good corporate governance, with particular reference to the current composition and organisation of the board.

i) Independence
ii) Responsibility and accountability

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  • 10 Marks

SCS – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5b – Board Responsibilities in Corporate Governance

Evaluate the role of the board in corporate governance, focusing on responsibilities for strategy, oversight, and ethical leadership.

The role of the board of directors is critical in corporate governance. The National Corporate Governance Code for Ghana (the National Code) issued in November 2022 outlines the board’s core responsibilities.

Required:

Advise the board of BOGML on the FIVE key responsibilities of the board of directors as outlined in the National Code.

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  • 10 Marks

SCS – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5b – Board Responsibilities in Corporate Governance

Identify and explain the five governance pillars in the National Corporate Governance Code for Ghana 2022.

It is evident that all is not well with the current corporate governance at BOGML. However, for the company to achieve sustainable growth and remain competitive, it must adhere to sound corporate governance principles.

Required:

Using the FIVE governance pillars identified in the National Corporate Governance Code for Ghana 2022 (the National Code), issued in November 2022 by the Institute of Directors-Ghana, advise the company on how to improve upon its current governance structure.

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5a – Roles of an Audit Committee in Corporate Governance

Explain four roles of an audit committee in compliance with good corporate governance practices.

An Audit Committee is a sub-group of a company’s Board of Directors responsible for the oversight of the financial reporting and disclosure process. The duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee greatly contribute to good corporate governance practices of a company.

Required:
Explain FOUR roles of an Audit Committee in compliance with good corporate governance practices.

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  • 5 Marks

MA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q2b – Ethical Standards in Business

Explanation of the need for ethical standards in business with reference to threats to ethical behavior.

According to the IESBA Handbook of the International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, 2024 Edition, a distinguishing mark of the accountancy profession is its acceptance of the responsibility to act in the public interest and uphold ethical standards.

Required:

Explain the need for ethical standards in business (make reference to threats to ethical behavior).

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  • 6 Marks

FM – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q1b – Ethical Issues in Financial Management

Discuss four ethical issues in financial management and their impact on decision-making.

Finance Managers often encounter decisions that affect the organisation’s financial health and reflect its commitment to ethical standards. Balancing profitability with ethical considerations can be challenging, yet it is essential for sustaining long-term success and protecting an organisation’s reputation.

Required:
Discuss FOUR ethical issues in financial management.

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  • 15 Marks

BCL – Nov 2024 – L1 – Q5a – Annual General Meeting (AGM) Requirements

Legal requirements for holding an AGM and consequences of non-compliance.

Yaw Perbi, the CEO of your company, is preparing for a top management meeting scheduled for 1 December 2023. One of the issues to be discussed is the mode of holding the next shareholders’ meeting. There are views that the Annual General Meeting (AGM) must be in-person so that members can vote on resolutions to be passed. Others believe that the AGM should be virtual or hybrid. Some shareholders believe that the items on the agenda are too many and that they would need two days to have a meaningful discussion. Kwasi Mensa, a shareholder, has decided not to attend the AGM if it is organised virtually.

Required:

a) Explain the following to your boss:

i) The requirement of the Companies Act, 2019 (Act 992) on the interval between which AGMs are to be held.

ii) THREE things that should be covered in the notice for an AGM.

iii) TWO consequences of not holding an AGM in accordance with the Companies Act.

iv) Justify whether or not decisions taken at the AGM will be binding on Kwasi Mensa.

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  • 15 Marks

CR – Nov 2016 – L3 – SC – Q5 – Ethical Issues in Corporate Reporting

Explain the concepts of creative accounting and window dressing, provide examples, reasons, and suggest preventive measures.

Manipulation of reporting entities book’s and records have been termed in many quarters as “Creative Accounting” and “Window Dressing”. The Management of Wastage Plc requires clarification of these two concepts.

Write a report to the management of Wastage Plc that includes:
a. Definitions of Creative Accounting and Window Dressing. (2 Marks)
b. Five examples of each concept. (5 Marks)
c. Three possible reasons for Creative Accounting and Window Dressing. (3 Marks)
d. Advice to management on five possible preventive measures of Creative Accounting. (5 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2017 – L3 – Q7 – Audit of Corporate Governance

Draft a memo outlining suggestions, advantages, and disadvantages of audit firm rotation.

The need for auditor’s rotation has been a topic of discussion following various major corporate failures in recent years. The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in 2006 introduced mandatory audit firm rotation as part of effective corporate governance of banks in Nigeria. The board of Aluwo Bank Plc has complied with this policy and are now reviewing its implementation. Some of the directors are not clear about the form that auditor’s rotation takes. While some have argued in favour of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) policy on audit firm rotation, others are against it, claiming it has not achieved the desired objective.

Required:

Draft a memo to the board of Aluwo Bank Plc. which sets out clearly:

a. Two different suggestions about how auditor rotation could be achieved. (5 Marks)
b. Arguments in favour of audit firm rotation. (4 Marks)
c. Arguments against audit firm rotation. (6 Marks)

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  • 5 Marks

CR – May 2017 – L3 – Q5c – Ethical Issues in Corporate Reporting

Identify the contents of a corporate governance report in annual reports of quoted companies.

Institutional investors, if not all investors, need information about corporate governance in order to make rational and reasonable investment decisions. As such, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) of Nigeria requires that the annual reports of all quoted companies should include a corporate governance report.

Required:
Identify the contents of such a corporate governance report. (5 Marks)

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  • 5 Marks

SCS – Nov 2023 – L3 – Q6b – Controlling Risk

Explaining two key roles the Board of Directors should play in risk management and internal controls at NSL.

Risk management and internal controls are largely the responsibility of management at NSL. However, the Board of Directors has a role to play.

Required:
Identify and explain TWO (2) key roles the Board of Directors of NSL should play in relation to risk management and internal controls in accordance with the UK Corporate Governance Code and the Ghana Code of Best Practices for Corporate Governance.
(5 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

SCS – Nov 2023 – L3 – Q6a – Professional Practice and Codes of Ethics

Understanding agency costs avoided by NSL and the role of the non-executive director as per Higgs Guidance.

NSL’s current corporate governance structure consists of three executive directors and one non-executive director, with the CEO serving as the chairman of the board. The board, as presently constituted, may have its strengths and weaknesses.

Required:
i) State and explain TWO (2) agency costs that the company would avoid as postulated by Agency Theory of corporate governance that “agency costs do not exist when the owners and the managers are exactly the same individuals.”
(5 marks)

ii) Explain TWO (2) roles that the non-executive director, Daniel Aidoo, ought to play on the board as identified by the document, Higgs Guidance (2003), to strengthen NSL’s board.
(5 marks)

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  • 12 Marks

SCS – March 2023 – L3 – Q7 – Professional practice and codes of ethics

Analyzes LCH board composition using governance codes and discusses OECD principles of disclosure and board responsibilities.

a) LCH’s Board of Directors is composed of four experienced professionals.

Required:
In reference to codes of corporate governance and the composition of LCH’s Board, analyze the view that the board has a suitable balance.
(5 marks)

b) The OECD Principles (2015) provide guidance through recommendations and annotations across six chapters. Principle 5 and 6 deal with disclosure and transparency and the responsibilities of the board respectively.

Required:
Provide the guidance and recommendations given on these principles and how relevant it is to LCH.
(7 marks)

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  • 6 Marks

SCS – Nov 2023 – L3 – Q4a – Controlling Risk

Identifying and explaining the role of three stakeholders in corporate risk management.

Risk management is critical for the success of every organization, including NSL. Responsibilities for effective risk oversight and management within NSL do not depend on only one stakeholder group.

Required:
Identify and explain the role of THREE (3) stakeholders as identified by the International Corporate Governance Network (ICGN) guidelines on responsibilities for the oversight and management of corporate risk (2010).
(6 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

SCS – March 2023 – L3 – Q1 – Ethics and social responsibility

Explains the importance of good ethical behavior for accountants and reasons for the public’s high expectations from the accountancy profession.

a) At LCH, the Financial Accountant and the Internal Auditor have been designated as Ethics Focal Persons (EFP) to raise awareness of good ethical behavior among the staff.
As a student of ethics, explain FIVE (5) reasons why good ethical behavior (study and application of ethics) is important to today’s Accountant.
(5 marks)

b) The general public has high expectations of the accountancy profession and the idea of an ethical profession should be reinforced in their minds.
State THREE (3) reasons why the general public has high expectations of the accountancy profession to ensure good corporate governance practices.
(5 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

BL – May 2022 – L1 – SB – Q6a – Business Ethics and Corporate Governance

Advise ABC Limited on the implication of two former directors executing a profitable contract on behalf of their own company.

Two of the directors of ABC Limited negotiated a road construction contract on behalf of the company. The company decided not to go ahead with the contract because it intends to start oil refining at the time. Considering that the road construction contract is profitable, the two directors resigned as directors of ABC Limited and established their own construction company, named Two Limited, which executed the contract at a good profit.

ABC Limited is aware of the situation and has approached you for advice.

Required:
Advise ABC Limited on the implication of the action of its former two directors.

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  • 20 Marks

BL – Nov 2021 – L1 – SB – Q3 – Corporate Governance

Advising on breach of contract in a pharmaceutical company's vaccine offer and differentiating between contracts under seal and simple contracts.

a. A pharmaceutical company advertising its newly developed vaccine made an offer of N1,000,000.00 (One million naira) to anyone who contracted the disease after taking the vaccination administered freely. Daniel accepted the offer, took the vaccine of his own free will, and contracted the disease. The pharmaceutical company has failed to pay him the one million naira.

Required:
Advise Daniel if his action for breach of contract would succeed or fail, giving reasons for your advice. (5 Marks)

b. Explain the difference between a contract under seal and a simple contract. (5 Marks)

c. Promoters usually enter into a contract on behalf of a proposed company.

Required:
Explain the means of validating a pre-incorporation contract and when it becomes invalid. (6 Marks)

d. Ethical codes are codes adopted by professional bodies for differentiating between right and wrong conduct in the performance of members’ professional duties.

Required:
State FOUR objectives of ethical codes. (4 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

BL – Nov 2021 – L1 – SB – Q1 – Nigerian Legal System

Defining Nigerian legal terms and advising on audit obligations for a limited liability partnership under CAMA 2020.

a. Nigerian courts are enjoined to apply the common law of England, doctrines of equity, and statutes of general application that were in force on the 1st of January 1900.

Required:

  • Define:
    i. Common law (1 Mark)
    ii. Equity (1 Mark)
    iii. Statutes of general application (1 Mark)

b. Mercy and Samuel, who are the only partners of a limited liability partnership, are protesting a demand letter served on them for the payment of the sum of N500,000 each by the Corporate Affairs Commission for failure to audit the partnership’s account for the immediate past year and failure to file annual returns for the same period. They are protesting on the grounds that they are not a company and, therefore, not liable to file annual returns, and that the Corporate Affairs Commission has no right to demand the audit. They have approached you as a professional to advise them.

Required:
Advise the partners in line with the provisions of the Companies and Allied Matters Act 2020 on:

i. The Corporate Affairs Commission’s demand for the partnership’s audit (4 Marks)
ii. Whether or not the partnership was under a legal duty to file annual returns with the Corporate Affairs Commission (4 Marks)

c. A limited liability partnership must have a designated partner.

Required:
What shall a designated partner be responsible for? (4 Marks)

d. ADR is the abbreviation for Alternative Dispute Resolution.

Required:

i. Explain briefly Alternative Dispute Resolution (2 Marks)
ii. State THREE mechanisms of Alternative Dispute Resolution (3 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

BMF – Nov 2021 – L1 – SA – Q17 – The Role of Professional Accountants in Business and Society

Question on who developed agency theory in 1976.

Agency theory was developed in 1976 by:

A. Fayol and Mayo
B. Kanter and Urwick
C. Jensen and Meckling
D. Mintzberg and Ouchi
E. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth

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  • 1 Marks

BMF – Nov 2021 – L1 – SA – Q9 – The Business Environment

Question on share capital requirements for private companies according to CAMA 2020.

In accordance with the provisions of the Companies and Allied Matters Acts (CAMA) 2020, which of the following is TRUE of a private company?

A. 15% of the issued share capital must be paid up at all times
B. 25% of the issued share capital must be paid up at all times
C. 35% of the issued share capital must be paid up at all times
D. 45% of the issued share capital must be paid up at all times
E. 55% of the issued share capital must be paid up at all times

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