Question Tag: Consolidation

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  • 5 Marks

CR – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q4b – Consolidation and Financial Reporting

Discuss the appropriate reporting figures a parent company should include in its consolidated financial statements when its subsidiaries have different reporting dates.

A parent company has a year-end of 31 December 2023. One of its subsidiaries has a year-end of 30 June 2023, and another has a year-end of 30 September 2023.

Required:
What figures should the parent include in its consolidated financial statements in respect of these subsidiaries?

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q1b – Group Audit Risks and Consolidation Issues

Audit risks and procedures for a multinational group audit engagement.

You are a Senior Auditor at Dromo Audit Firm, assigned to audit a new client, Afroherb Pharma LTD, a multinational pharmaceutical company. During the initial stages of engagement planning, you discovered that Afroherb Pharma LTD operates in multiple jurisdictions, including Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and The Gambia. The parent company is in Ghana, and the companies in the other jurisdictions are all subsidiaries. All these jurisdictions have significant regulatory requirements and operational difficulties. The company has recently expanded its product line to include vaccine production following the introduction of The Vaccine Centre in Ghana. The production of vaccines is also subject to stringent regulatory reviews.

Required:
i) State FOUR audit procedures you could perform in relation to the consolidation of the financial statements of Afroherb Group. 
ii) Identify TWO specific risks associated with auditing Afroherb Pharma LTD, particularly in relation to its expansion into vaccine products. How should these risks be managed?
iii) State TWO problems associated with the planning of group audits

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  • 30 Marks

CR – May 2015 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Prepare a consolidated statement of financial position for Barewa Group as of 31 May 2013, considering acquisitions and adjustments.

Barewa Plc has two subsidiary companies and one associate. Since the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by companies listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange, Barewa has been preparing its consolidated financial statements in accordance with the provisions of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs).

The draft Statements of Financial Position of Barewa and its two subsidiaries as at 31 May, 2013 are as follows:

Assets Barewa (N’m) Megida (N’m) Mindara (N’m)
Non-current assets
Plant 2,650 2,300 1,610
Investments – Megida 3,000
Investments – Mindara 1,280
Associate (Calamari) 200
Available for sale 510 60 50
Total Non-current assets 7,640 2,360 1,660
Current assets
Inventory 1,350 550 730
Trade receivables 910 450 320
Cash and cash equivalent 1,020 1,000 80
Total Current assets 3,280 2,000 1,130
Total Assets 10,920 4,360 2,790
Equity and Liabilities
Share capital 5,200 2,200 1,000
Retained earnings 2,400 1,500 800
Other components of equity 120 40 70
Total equity 7,720 3,740 1,870
Non-current liabilities
Long-term loans 1,200 150 50
Deferred tax 250 90 30
Total non-current liabilities 1,450 240 80
Current liabilities
Trade payables 1,150 300 600
Current tax payables 600 80 240
Total current liabilities 1,750 380 840
Total Equity and Liabilities 10,920 4,360 2,790

The following information is relevant to the preparation of the group financial statements:

  • Acquisition of Megida Plc
    • Date of Acquisition: 1 June 2012
    • Barewa acquired 80% of the equity interest in Megida Plc.
    • At the date of acquisition, Megida’s retained earnings were N1.36 billion, and other components of equity amounted to N40 million.
    • There had been no new issuance of share capital by Megida since the acquisition date.
    • The consideration for the acquisition was N3 billion in cash.
    • The fair value of Megida’s identifiable net assets at acquisition was N4 billion, with the excess attributed to an increase in the value of non-depreciable land.
    • An independent valuation determined that the fair value of the non-controlling interest (NCI) in Megida on 1 June 2012 was N860 million.
    • Barewa’s policy is to measure NCI based on their proportionate share in the identifiable net assets of the subsidiary, not at fair value (full goodwill method).
  • Acquisition of Mindara Plc
    • Date of Acquisition: 1 June 2012
    • Barewa acquired 70% of the ordinary shares of Mindara Plc.
    • The consideration for the acquisition included:
      • An upfront payment of N1.28 billion.
      • A contingent consideration requiring Barewa to pay the former shareholders 30% of Mindara’s profits on 31 May 2014 for each of the financial years ending 31 May 2013 and 31 May 2014. This arrangement was valued at N120 million as of 1 June 2012 and remains unchanged. It has not been included in the financial statements.
    • The fair value of the identifiable net assets at acquisition was N1.76 billion. This included retained earnings of N550 million and other components of equity of N70 million.
    • There had been no new issuance of share capital by Mindara since the acquisition date.
    • The excess fair value of the net assets was due to an increase in property, plant, and equipment (PPE), which is depreciated on a straight-line basis over seven years.
    • The fair value of the non-controlling interest (NCI) in Mindara was N530 million on the acquisition date.
  • Investment in Calamari Plc
    • On 1 June 2011, Barewa acquired a 10% interest in Calamari Plc for N80 million. This was classified as an available-for-sale investment.
    • As of 31 May 2012, the value of this investment had increased to N90 million.
    • On 1 June 2012, Barewa acquired an additional 15% interest in Calamari for N110 million, achieving significant influence.
    • Calamari recorded profits after dividends of N60 million and N100 million for the financial years ending 31 May 2012 and 31 May 2013, respectively.
  • Equity Instrument Purchase
    • On 1 June 2012, Barewa purchased an equity instrument valued at 100 million pesos, classified as available-for-sale.
    • Relevant exchange rates:
      • 31 May 2012: N5.1 to 1 peso.
      • 31 May 2013: N5.0 to 1 peso.
    • The fair value of the instrument as of 31 May 2013 was 90 million pesos, reflecting an impairment that Barewa has not recorded.
  • Loan to a Director
    • A loan of N10 million to a director has been included in cash and cash equivalents.
    • The loan is repayable on demand with no specific repayment date.
    • The directors believe that this treatment complies with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as no IFRS explicitly prohibits showing the loan as cash.
  • Goodwill Impairment
    • There is no impairment of goodwill arising from the acquisitions.

Required

Prepare a consolidated statement of financial position for Barewa Group as of 31 May 2013.

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2017 – L3 – Q6 – Group Audits

Draft a memorandum describing challenges, procedures, and instructions for a group audit engagement involving subsidiaries and associates in different countries.

You are an Audit Senior in ABC firm of Chartered Accountants, a Pan-African audit firm. You just resumed from your examination leave and received the following email from Mrs. Chidi, an Audit Manager in your firm.

Dear Audu,

Welcome back from leave and best of luck in your examination.
We have just been appointed as financial statements auditors to Gbogbonise Plc., a conglomerate having its head office in Lagos. Our preliminary discussion with the group Chief Financial Officer (CFO) indicates that the company has five subsidiaries and two associates. One of the subsidiaries is incorporated and operates in Ghana while one of the associates is incorporated and operates in The Gambia. The other members of the group are incorporated and operate in Nigeria. The group operations cover automobiles, agriculture, and manufacturing.
We will be meeting with the audit committee in three weeks to present our audit plan and strategy for the assignment.

Required:

a. Challenges that may be encountered in this engagement. (5 Marks)

b. General procedures that may be performed on significant and non-significant components. (3 Marks)

c. Salient items to be included in the group audit instructions. (3 Marks)

d. Procedures to be performed relating to the consolidation of the group. (4 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

CR – May 2017 – L3 – Q1 – Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation (IAS 21)

Assess functional currency and prepare a consolidated statement of financial position under IFRS.

Rapuya Plc. is a Nigerian public limited company operating in the mining industry. The draft Statements of Financial Position of Rapuya Plc., and its two subsidiaries, Puta Limited and Soma Limited as at April 30, 2017, are as follows:

The following information is relevant to the preparation of the group financial statements:

(i) On May 1, 2016, Rapuya acquired 52% of the ordinary shares of Soma Limited, a foreign subsidiary. The retained earnings of Soma Limited on this date were 220 million defas. The fair value of the identifiable net assets of Soma Limited on May 1, 2016, was 990 million defas. The excess of the fair value over the net assets of Soma Limited is due to an increase in the value of non-depreciable land.

Rapuya Plc. wishes to use the ‘full goodwill’ method to consolidate the financial statements of Soma. The fair value of the non-controlling interest in Soma Limited at May 1, 2016, was 500 million defas.

Soma Limited is located in Tome, a small country in West Africa, and operates a mine. The income of Soma Limited is denominated and settled in defas. The output of the mine is routinely traded in defas, and its price is determined initially by local supply and demand. Soma Limited pays 30% of its costs and expenses in naira, with the remainder being incurred locally and settled in defas. Soma’s management has a considerable degree of authority and autonomy in carrying out the operations of Soma Limited and is not dependent upon group companies for financial support. The Finance Controller is not certain from the above whether the defas or naira should be taken as the functional currency of Soma Limited.

There have been no issues of ordinary shares and no impairment of goodwill since acquisition.

(ii) Also on May 1, 2016, Rapuya Plc. had acquired 70% of the equity interests of Puta Limited. The purchase consideration amounted to N226 million, which Rapuya Plc. paid through bank transfer in compliance with the cashless policy of the Federal Government of Nigeria. The fair value of the identifiable net assets recognized by Puta Limited was N240 million, excluding the patent below. The identifiable net assets of Puta Limited at May 1, 2016, included a brand with a fair value of N8 million. This had not been recognized in the financial statements of Puta Limited. The brand is estimated to have a useful life of four years. The retained earnings of Puta Limited were N98 million, and other components of equity were N6 million at the date of acquisition. The remaining excess of the fair value of the net assets is due to an increase in the value of non-depreciable land.

Rapuya Plc. wishes to use the ‘full goodwill’ method in consolidating the financial statements of this subsidiary. The fair value of the non-controlling interest in Puta Limited was N92 million on May 1, 2016. There have been no issues of ordinary shares since acquisition, and goodwill on acquisition is not impaired.

(iii) The following exchange rates are relevant for the preparation of the group financial statements:

Defas to Naira Exchange Rate
May 1, 2016 3:1
April 30, 2017 2.5:1
Average for year to April 30, 2017 2.9:1

Required:

(a) Advise the Finance Controller on what currency should be taken as the functional currency of Soma Limited, applying the principles set out in IAS 21 – The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates. (5 Marks)

(b) Prepare a consolidated statement of financial position of the Rapuya Group as at April 30, 2017, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). (Show all workings) (25 Marks)

(Total: 30 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

CR – Nov 2016 – L3 – SA – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Prepare a Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for Bata Plc and subsidiaries; explain IAS 21 principles for translating foreign subsidiaries.

a. Bata Plc, which operates in the manufacturing sector, has been surviving the challenges operating in the Nigerian economic environment. The draft Statements of Financial Position of Bata Plc and its subsidiaries as at October 31, 2016, are as follows:

Bata N’million Jewe N’million Gaba N’million
Non-current assets Property, plant, and equipment 4,320 360 420
Investments in subsidiaries 1,110 600 –
Financial assets 500 – –
Total Non-current assets 5,930 960 420
Current assets 1,050 570 540
Total assets 6,980 1,530 960
Equity Share capital – N1 ordinary shares 2,400 600 300
Retained earnings 3,410 540 390
Other components of equity 450 – –
Total equity 6,260 1,140 690
Current liabilities 720 390 270
Total liabilities and equity 6,980 1,530 960

Additional Information:

  1. Acquisition of Subsidiaries:
    • Bata Plc acquired 60% of the share capital of Jewe Plc on November 1, 2012, and 10% of Gaba Plc on November 1, 2013. The costs of the combinations were N852 million and N258 million, respectively.
    • Jewe Plc acquired 70% of the share capital of Gaba Plc on November 1, 2013.
  2. Retained Earnings Balances:
Date Jewe Plc (N’million) Gaba Plc (N’million)
November 1, 2012 270 –
November 1, 2013 360 240
  1. Fair Value Adjustments:
    • At acquisition dates, the fair value of the net assets was N930 million for Jewe Plc and N660 million for Gaba Plc. The difference in the fair value and book value relates to non-depreciable land.
    • The fair value of non-controlling interest (NCI) was N390 million for Jewe Plc and N330 million for Gaba Plc. Bata Plc adopts the full goodwill method under IFRS 3 to account for NCI.
  2. Impairment Testing:
    • Jewe Plc suffered an impairment loss of N60 million.
    • Gaba Plc did not suffer any impairment loss.
  3. Intra-group Inventory Sales:
    • During the year ended October 31, 2016, Bata Plc sold inventory to Jewe Plc and Gaba Plc.
    • The invoiced prices of the inventories were N480 million and N360 million, respectively.
    • Bata Plc invoices goods to achieve a markup of 25% on cost to all third parties, including group companies.
    • At the year-end, half of the inventory sold to Jewe Plc remained unsold, but the entire inventory sold to Gaba Plc had been sold to third parties.
  4. Financial Asset:
    • Bata Plc purchased a deep discount bond for N500 million on November 1, 2015.
    • The bonds will be redeemed in 3 years for N740.75 million and are carried at amortized cost in line with IAS 39.
    • The Accountant has not passed the correct entries to reflect amortized cost valuation at year-end, and the financial asset is shown at N500 million.

Compound sum of N1: (1 + r)^n

Year 12% 14%
1 1.1200 1.1400
2 1.2544 1.2996
3 1.4049 1.4815
4 1.5735 1.6890

Required:

  1. Prepare a Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for Bata Plc and its subsidiaries as at October 31, 2016.       (25 Marks)
  2. Explain to the directors of Bata Plc how the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of a foreign subsidiary, including the resulting goodwill, are translated for consolidation purposes under IAS 21. (5 Marks)

(Total: 30 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

AAA – Nov 2014 – L3 – SA – Q1 – Group Audits

Identify business risks, audit planning effects, and implications of acquisitions for the consolidated financial statements audit of Wasp Ltd.

You are an audit manager in Ruby & Co, a firm of Chartered Accountants. One of your audit clients, Wasp Ltd., provides satellite broadcasting services in a rapidly growing market.

In February 2014, Wasp Ltd. purchased Xstatic Ltd., a competitor group of companies. Significant revenue, cost, and capital expenditure synergies are expected as the operations of Wasp Ltd. and Xstatic Ltd. are being combined into one group of companies.

The following financial and operating information consolidates the results of the enlarged Wasp Ltd. group:

Year-end 31 December 2014 (Budget) 2013 (Actual)
Revenue ₦6,827m ₦4,404m
Cost of Sales (₦3,109m) (₦1,991m)
Distribution Costs and Administrative Expenses (₦2,866m) (₦1,700m)
Research and Development Costs (₦25m) (₦22m)
Depreciation and Amortization (₦927m) (₦661m)
Interest Expense (₦266m) (₦202m)
Loss Before Tax (₦366m) (₦172m)
Number of Subscribers 14.9m 7.6m
Average Revenue Per Subscriber (ARPS) ₦437 ₦556

In November 2014, Wasp Ltd. purchased MTbox Ltd., a large cable communications provider in Gambia, where your firm has no representation. The financial statements of MTbox Ltd. for the year ending 31 December 2014 will continue to be audited by a local firm of Chartered Accountants. MTbox Ltd.’s activities have not been reflected in the above estimated results of the group.

Wasp Ltd. is committed to introducing its corporate image into Gambia.

In order to sustain growth, significant costs are expected to be incurred as operations are expanded, networks upgraded, and new products and services introduced.

Required:

a. Identify and describe the principal business risks for the Wasp group. (9 Marks)

b. Explain what effect the acquisitions will have on the planning of Ruby & Co’s audit of the budgeted consolidated financial statements of Wasp Ltd. group for the year ending 31 December 2014. (10 Marks)

c. Explain the role of a Letter of Comfort as evidence in the audit of financial statements. (6 Marks)

d. Discuss how non-consolidated entities under common control affect the scope of an audit and the audit work undertaken. (5 Marks)

(Total 30 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

CR – May 2019 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position for a group with a foreign subsidiary and inter-company transactions as at September 30, 2017.

Oyin Plc. a Nigerian company acquired 960 million equity share capital of Kemy Plc., a foreign subsidiary based in Brazil, on 1 October, 2015 for 1.08 billion Brazilian real (BRL). The functional and presentation currency of Kemy Plc. is the BRL. Since acquisition, Kemy Plc., has operated autonomously of Oyin group.

The statements of financial position of Oyin Plc. and Kemy Plc. as at 30 September, 2017 are as follows:

Additional Information:

  1. It is the policy of Oyin Plc. group to recognize non-controlling interest at acquisition at the proportionate share of the net assets. The retained earnings of Kemy Plc., at the date of acquisition were 390 million BRL.
  2. Kemy Plc. sells goods to Oyin Plc. at cost plus a mark-up of 33 1/3%. At 30 September, 2017, Oyin Plc. held N15 million of the goods. The goods were purchased at an exchange rate of N1 to 5 BRL. On 28 September, 2017, Oyin Plc. sent Kemy Plc., a payment for N15 million to clear the intra-group payables. Kemy received and recorded the cash on 2 October, 2017.
  3. On 1 October, 2016, Kemy Plc. purchased a leasehold building for 375 million BRL, taking out a loan note payable after five years to finance the purchase. The estimated useful life of the building on 1 October, 2016 was 25 years with no estimated residual value. The building is to be depreciated on a straight-line basis. The building was professionally revalued at 450 million BRL on 30 September, 2017 and the directors have included the revalued amount in the statement of financial position.Both companies adopt a policy of revaluation for their properties. There was no difference between the carrying amount and fair value of the property of Oyin Plc. at 30 September, 2017.
  4. Exchange Rates:
Date BRL to N1
1 October, 2015 6.0
30 September, 2015 5.5
30 September, 2017 5.0
Average for the year to 30 September, 2016 5.2

Required:
Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Oyin group at 30 September, 2017.

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  • 25 Marks

CR – May 2021 – L3 – Q1a – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Prepare a consolidated cash flow statement for Feedme Limited using the indirect method.

Feedme Limited
Feedme Limited is a company that has been in operations for over two decades producing “Trobomao,” a natural cocoa powder beverage. Five years ago, it acquired 100% interest in Butane Nigeria Limited and 75% interest in Shawama Supermarket Limited in 2019. Draft consolidated financial statements of Feedme Limited are provided below:

Draft Consolidated Statement of Financial Position (December 31, 2019):

Draft consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2019

Additional information:

i. There had been no acquisition or disposal of freehold buildings during the year.
ii. Information relating to the acquisition of Shawama Supermarket Limited is as follows:

iii. Loan notes were issued at a discount in 2019 and the carrying amount of the loan as at December 31, 2019 included N600,000 representing the finance cost attributable to the discount and allocated in respect of the current reporting period.

Required:
Prepare a consolidated statement of cash flows for Feedme Limited Group for the year ended December 31, 2019 in accordance with IAS 7 using indirect method.

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2022 – L3 – Q7 – Risk Management in Audits

Evaluate key risk areas for auditors in consolidating Nigerian and UK company accounts, considering transfer pricing and related party transactions.

BARCHI International Limited is a company with corporate registrations in both the United Kingdom (U.K.) and Nigeria. The Chairman of the company is based in Nigeria and from time to time travels to the U.K. to oversee the office there and order for the purchase of some of the articles for sale. To ensure steady supply of the products, some of the products are also ordered from China. The purchases from the U.K. are charged to the Nigerian entity in pound sterling, while the purchases from China are charged to the Nigerian company in American dollars.

In September 2020, the Chairman embarked on a trip to Dubai for two weeks where he spent part of his annual holiday. During this period, he hosted a couple of friends with the costs that were paid for by the company as the costs were above his approved annual holiday expenses. He subsequently traveled to the U.K. and was quarantined for two weeks due to COVID-19 before moving to the usual business lodge that he uses. Despite using that period to oversee the U.K. company, all the costs incurred were borne by the Nigerian company.

The products bought in the U.K. and sent to Nigeria were charged at cost plus 25%, while the Nigerian company was responsible for insurance and freight. The goods purchased from China were forwarded to Nigeria at the cost of landing in Nigeria plus 30%. The China-made products are less expensive and therefore give better profits despite the cost of the long-distance freight.

Money was transferred to the Chairman’s account for the company’s purchases in the U.K., the purchases made in China, and the Chairman’s personal expenses. An agent in China bought the goods which were paid for by the Chairman.

The U.K. company staff handled the documentation of all the transactions of the Chairman while there and transferred them to Nigeria subject to the approval of the Chairman.

Separate records were not maintained for the Chairman’s expenses in the U.K. However, his comparison of the results of the two units showed that for the immediate past financial year, the Nigerian company had performed sub-optimally and way below the targeted profit in relation to the U.K. company. The Chairman is very unhappy about this as he expects that his personal visit to the U.K. would reduce the purchasing and associated costs.

It is usual for the Chairman to account for the cost of purchases based on his personal expenses attributable to each purchase together with the actual cost of purchases. The U.K. component is elated about this costing method which favors it and would wish that this arrangement continues.

The two units prepare separate financial statements which are audited by separate accounting firms before the two financial statements are consolidated in Nigeria for the Chairman’s evaluation.

Required:

Evaluate, with appropriate justifications, from the scenario above, the areas of risk which the auditor needs to consider. (15 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

FR – March 2024 – L2 – Q1 – Group Financial Statements and Consolidation

Consolidation of Chicha Plc and Wale Plc financial statements, involving adjustments for intra-group transactions, non-controlling interest, and goodwill.

On 1 July 2022, Chicha Plc acquired 80% of the ordinary shares of Wale Plc at a cost of GH¢2,570,000. On the same date, it also acquired 50% of Wale Plc’s 10% loan notes at par. The summarised draft financial statements of both companies are:

Statements of Profit or Loss for the year ended 31 March 2023
Chicha Plc Wale Plc
Sales revenue 15,000 6,000
Cost of sales (10,500) (5,000)
Gross profit 4,500 1,000
Operating expenses (1,500) (50)
Loan interest received/(paid) 18.75 (50)
Profit before tax 3,018.75 900
Income tax expense (750) (150)
Profit for the year 2,268.75 750
Statements of Financial Position as at 31 March 2023
Chicha Plc Wale Plc
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment 4,830 2,000
Investments 2,820 –
Total Non-current assets 7,650 2,000
Current assets 3,750 2,000
Total assets 11,400 4,000
Equity and liabilities
Equity
Stated capital 2,500 500
Retained earnings 6,400 2,100
Total equity 8,900 2,600
Non-current liabilities
10% loan notes – 500
Current liabilities 2,500 900
Total equity and liabilities 11,400 4,000

The following information is relevant:

  1. The fair values of Wale Plc’s assets were equal to their book values except for its plant, which had a fair value of GH¢800,000 more than its book value at the date of acquisition. The remaining life of all of Wale Plc’s plant at the acquisition date was four years. Depreciation is on a straight-line basis and charged to cost of sales. Wale Plc has not adjusted the value of its plant as a result of the fair valuation of the assets.
  2. In the post-acquisition period, Chicha Plc sold goods to Wale Plc for GH¢3,000,000. These goods had cost Chicha Plc GH¢2,250,000. During the year, Wale Plc had sold GH¢2,500,000 of these goods for GH¢3,750,000.
  3. The current accounts of the two companies were reconciled at the year-end with Wale Plc owing Chicha Plc GH¢187,500.
  4. The goodwill was reviewed for impairment at the end of the reporting period and had suffered an impairment loss of GH¢75,000, which is to be treated as an operating expense.
  5. Chicha Plc’s and Wale Plc’s retained earnings as at 1 April 2022 were GH¢4,131,250 and GH¢1,350,000, respectively. No dividends were paid or declared by either entity during the year.
  6. It is the group policy to value the non-controlling interest at acquisition at fair value. The directors valued the non-controlling interest at GH¢625,000 at the date of acquisition.
  7. Revenues and profits should be deemed to accrue evenly throughout the year.

Required:
Prepare for Chicha Plc a Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss for the year ended 31 March 2023 and Statement of Financial Position as at 31 March 2023.

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  • 15 Marks

FR – May 2018 – L2 – Q5a – Preparation of Financial Statements

Prepare statements of profit or loss and financial position for Head Office, Branch, and the combined entity using trial balances provided.

The following trial balances for the year ended 31 December 2017 were obtained from the Head Office and Branch of Compassionate Grounds Ltd.

Additional information: i) The branch deposited GH¢800,000 on behalf of the head office in the bank on 31 December 2017. No record of this transaction had been made in head office books. ii) All goods sold by the branch are supplied from the head office at cost plus 25%. At 31 December 2017, goods to the value of GH¢10 million were in transit to the branch. iii) Inventories at 31 December 2017, excluding goods in transit were as follows:

  • Branch at markup: GH¢8,000
  • Head Office at cost: GH¢14,500

Required:
Prepare for the head office, branch, and combined entity of Compassionate Grounds Limited:

  • Statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2017
  • Statement of financial position as at 31 December 2017

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  • 3 Marks

FR – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1b – Group Financial Statements and Consolidation

Explain the elements of control an investor must have over an investee as outlined in IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements.

IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements outlines the requirements for the preparation and presentation of consolidated financial statements, requiring entities to consolidate entities it controls.

Required:
Explain and justify how IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements determines elements of control of an investor over an investee.

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  • 17 Marks

FR – Nov 2016 – L2 – Q1a – Group Financial Statements and Consolidation

Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position for Bantama Ltd Group as at 30 September 2016, with provided details of acquisition and adjustments.

Bantama Ltd acquired six million of Abrepo Ltd’s ordinary shares on 1 April 2016 for an agreed consideration of GH¢25 million. The consideration was settled by a share exchange of five new shares in Bantama Ltd for every three shares acquired in Abrepo Ltd, and a cash payment of GH¢5 million. The cash transaction has been recorded, but the share exchange has not been recorded.

The draft statements of financial position of the two companies as at 30 September 2016 are:

Additional information:

  1. The fair value of Abrepo Ltd’s land at the date of acquisition was GH¢4 million in excess of its carrying value. Abrepo Ltd’s financial statements contain a note of a contingent asset for an insurance claim of GH¢800,000 relating to some inventory that was damaged by a flood on 5 March 2016. The insurance company is disputing the claim. Bantama Ltd has taken legal advice on the claim and believes that it is highly likely that the insurance company will settle it in full in the near future.
  2. At the date of acquisition, Bantama Ltd sold an item of plant that had cost GH¢2 million to Abrepo Ltd for GH¢2.4 million. Bantama Ltd has charged depreciation of GH¢240,000 on this plant since it was acquired.
  3. Bantama Ltd’s current account debit balance of GH¢820,000 with Abrepo Ltd does not agree with the corresponding balance in Abrepo Ltd’s books. Investigations revealed that on 26 September 2016, Bantama Ltd charged Abrepo Ltd GH¢200,000 for its share of central administration costs. Abrepo Ltd has not yet recorded this invoice. Intercompany current accounts are included in accounts receivable or payable as appropriate.
  4. Abrepo Ltd paid a dividend of GH¢400,000 on 30 September 2016. The profit and dividend of Abrepo Ltd are deemed to accrue evenly throughout the year. Abrepo Ltd’s retained earnings of GH¢8.8 million for the year to 30 September 2016 as shown in its statement of financial position are after the deduction of the dividend. Bantama Ltd’s policy is to credit to income only those dividends received from post-acquisition profits. Bantama Ltd has not yet accounted for the dividend from Abrepo Ltd. The cheque has been received but not banked.
  5. At the year-end, an impairment review was carried out on the consolidated goodwill arising from the acquisition of Abrepo Ltd, and an impairment loss of GH¢595,000 was identified. No adjustment has yet been made for this. It is group policy to value non-controlling interest at acquisition at its proportionate share of the fair value of the subsidiary’s identifiable net assets.

Required:

Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Bantama Ltd group as at 30 September 2016.

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  • 20 Marks

FR – May 2018 – L2 – Q1 – Group Financial Statements and Consolidation

Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss for Tamale Ltd for the year ended 30 September 2017 after acquisition of Navrongo Ltd.

On 1 April 2017, Tamale Ltd acquired 60% of the 4 million ordinary shares of Navrongo Ltd in a share exchange of two shares in Tamale Ltd for three shares in Navrongo Ltd. The issue of shares has not yet been recorded by Tamale Ltd. At the date of acquisition, shares in Tamale Ltd had a market value of GH¢6 each. Below are the summarised draft financial statements of both companies.

Statements of Profit or Loss for the year ended 30 September 2017

Tamale Ltd (GH¢’000) Navrongo Ltd (GH¢’000)
Revenue 85,000 42,000
Cost of Sales (63,000) (32,000)
Gross Profit 22,000 10,000
Distribution Cost (2,000) (2,000)
Administrative Expenses (6,000) (3,200)
Finance Cost (300) (400)
Profit Before Tax 13,700 4,400
Income Tax Expense (4,700) (1,400)
Profit for the Year 9,000 3,000

Statements of Financial Position as at 30 September 2017

Tamale Ltd (GH¢’000) Navrongo Ltd (GH¢’000)
Assets
Non-Current Assets
Property, Plant and Equipment 40,600 12,600
Current Assets 16,000 6,600
Total Assets 56,600 19,200
Equity and Liabilities
Ordinary Shares 10,000 4,000
Retained Earnings 35,400 6,500
Equity 45,400 10,500
Non-Current Liabilities
10% Loan Notes 3,000 4,000
Current Liabilities 8,200 4,700
Total Equity and Liabilities 56,600 19,200

The following information is relevant:

i) At the date of acquisition, the fair values of Navrongo Ltd’s assets were equal to their carrying amounts with the exception of an item of plant, which had a fair value of GH¢2 million in excess of its carrying amount. It had a remaining life of five years at that date (straight-line depreciation is used). Navrongo Ltd has not adjusted the carrying amount of its plant as a result of the fair value exercise.

ii) Sales from Navrongo Ltd to Tamale Ltd in the post-acquisition period were GH¢8 million. Navrongo Ltd made a markup on cost of 40% on these sales. Tamale Ltd had sold GH¢5.2 million (at cost) as at 30 September 2017.

iii) Other than where indicated, profit or loss items are deemed to accrue evenly on a time basis.

iv) Navrongo Ltd’s trade receivables at 30 September 2017 include GH¢600,000 due from Tamale Ltd which did not agree with Tamale Ltd’s corresponding trade payable. This was due to cash in transit of GH¢200,000 from Tamale Ltd to Navrongo Ltd. Both companies have positive bank balances.

v) Tamale Ltd has a policy of accounting for any non-controlling interest at fair value. The fair value of the non-controlling interest in Navrongo Ltd at the date of acquisition was estimated to be GH¢5.9 million. Consolidated goodwill was not impaired at 30 September 2017.

Required:
a) Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss for Tamale Ltd for the year ended 30 September 2017.

(8 marks)

b) Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position for Tamale Ltd as at 30 September 2017.

(12 marks)

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  • 20 Marks

FR – Aug 2022 – L2 – Q1 – Group Financial Statements and Consolidation

Preparation of consolidated statement of financial position for Adanse Group, considering intercompany transactions, fair value adjustments, and goodwill impairment.

Below are the statements of financial position of two entities: Adanse Plc (Adanse) and Fomena Plc (Fomena).

Statement of financial position as at 31 August 2021

Additional information:
i) All ordinary shares were issued at GH¢2 per share. There have been no movements in the share capital of Fomena since its acquisition.
ii) On 1 September 2020, Adanse acquired 80% ordinary shares in Fomena when Fomena’s retained earnings balance was GH¢45 million. The purchase and sale agreement provided that the shares should be settled as follows:

  • Immediate issue of Adanse’s 25 million 15% cumulative redeemable preference shares, issued at GH¢3 per share. Adanse has not yet recorded this consideration.
  • Immediate transfer of a parcel of land with a carrying amount and fair value of GH¢17 million and GH¢20 million respectively. Adanse has only debited “Investment in shares” and credited “Property, Plant and Equipment” with the carrying amount of the land.

Goodwill in Fomena has been impaired by 10%. Goodwill is valued using full fair value method. Each ordinary share of Fomena had a fair market price of GH¢6 at acquisition and GH¢7.5 at the current year-end.

iii) At acquisition date, the carrying amount of Fomena’s identifiable net assets were equal to their fair value except the following two items:

  • Intangible asset (purchased franchise right) has a fair value of GH¢12 million and carrying amount of GH¢8 million. Its remaining useful life was estimated at 5 years. The recoverable amount of the right at 31 August 2021 was estimated at GH¢9 million. Fomena has not incorporated the fair values in its separate financial statements. (Ignore deferred tax for this adjustment)
  • An item of equipment has its fair value of GH¢5 million in excess of its carrying amount. It had a remaining useful life of 5 years. This fair value adjustment should be deemed as a temporary difference which suffers tax of 20%.

iv) Fomena sold goods to Adanse for GH¢3.2 million in July 2021. Adanse held a half of these items in its year-end inventory. Fomena bought the goods sold to Adanse for GH¢5 million from an outside supplier. At year-end, Fomena still owed the supplier 40% of the purchase cost. At year-end, Adanse did not owe Fomena in respect of the above transactions. All items were in good condition at the date of transfer. Ignore any deferred tax implications.

v) Adanse accounts for all passive equity investments at fair value through other comprehensive income. The fair value of Adanse’s investment in Fomena was GH¢110 million as at 31 August 2021.

Required:
Prepare a Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as at 31 August 2021.

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  • 16 Marks

FR – Nov 2018 – L2 – Q1b – Group Financial Statements and Consolidation

Preparation of consolidated statement of profit or loss for Faisal Group including two subsidiaries.

b) You are the Financial Accountant of Faisal Ltd (Faisal), a Ghanaian listed company, involved in food retailing. During 2017, Faisal acquired interests in Zaytuna Ltd (Zaytuna) and Medeama Ltd (Medeama). The Statement of profit or loss for Faisal, Zaytuna, and Medeama for the year ended 31 December 2017 are as follows:

Statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2017

Faisal (GH¢’million) Zaytuna (GH¢’million) Medeama (GH¢’million)
Revenue 450 150 75
Cost of sales (300) (90) (45)
Gross profit 150 60 30
Operating expenses (25) (15) (5)
Operating profit 125 45 25
Interest and similar charges (15) (5) (1)
Profit on ordinary activities before taxation 110 40 24
Income tax expense (27.5) (10) (6)
Profit on ordinary activities after taxation 82.5 30 18
Retained earnings at start of year 117.5 45 7
Retained earnings at end of year 200 75 25

Additional information:

  1. On 1 April 2017, Faisal purchased 12 million of the 15 million GH¢1 ordinary shares in Zaytuna at a cost of GH¢8 per ordinary share. At the date of acquisition, the fair values of Zaytuna’s net assets were equal to their book value with the exception of property, the details of which are as follows:

    Zaytuna Property Details:

    Description GH¢’million
    Cost 75
    Accumulated depreciation at 1 January 2017 (6)
    Net book value at 1 January 2017 69

    The property, which had a useful economic life of 25 years on 1 January 2015, is in a prime commercial location and has increased dramatically in value since it was purchased by Zaytuna on 1 January 2015. The replacement cost of a similar building, with a similar remaining useful economic life at 1 April 2017, is GH¢100 million. The fair value at acquisition has not been reflected in the records of Zaytuna.

  2. On 1 July 2017, Faisal purchased 4 million of the 10 million GH¢1 ordinary shares in Medeama at a cost of GH¢6 per ordinary share. At the date of acquisition, the fair values of Medeama’s net assets were equal to their book value with the exception of property that had a fair value of GH¢9 million in excess of its book value and a remaining useful life of four years.
  3. In August 2017, Faisal sold goods to Zaytuna for GH¢7.5 million, and 20% of these goods remained unsold at 31 December 2017. Faisal prices its sales at cost plus 50%.
  4. On 23 January 2018, Faisal sold its former head office administrative building for GH¢1.25 million. At 31 December 2017, the building was for sale and unoccupied, with staff having moved to a new premises. The book value of the building in the statement of financial position of Faisal as at 31 December 2017 was GH¢2 million.
  5. Each company charges depreciation on a time-apportionment basis to operating expenses.
  6. The directors of Faisal believe that any goodwill arising on the acquisition of Zaytuna and Medeama has been impaired by 25% as at 31 December 2017. The directors have a policy of measuring non-controlling interests at the proportionate share of identifiable net assets.

(Note: All calculations may be taken to the nearest GH¢0.01 million and assume all expenses and gains accrue evenly throughout the year unless otherwise instructed.)

Required:

Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss account of Faisal Group for the year ended 31 December 2017 in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). (16 marks)

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  • 4 Marks

FR – Nov 2018 – L2 – Q1a – Preparation of Financial Statements, Financial Reporting Standards and Their Applications

Explains the accounting treatment for deferred and contingent considerations during a subsidiary acquisition.

Explain the accounting treatment for ‘deferred consideration’ and ‘contingent consideration’ in the context of the acquisition of a subsidiary by a parent entity.

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  • 20 Marks

FR – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q5 – Group Financial Statements and Consolidation

This question involves calculating goodwill on acquisition and preparing a consolidated statement of profit or loss for VM Ltd for the year ended 30 September 2012, including intragroup adjustments.

On 1 January 2012, VM Ltd acquired 18 million of the equity shares of GR Ltd in a share exchange in which VM Ltd issued two new shares for every three shares it acquired in GR Ltd. This gave VM Ltd a holding of 90%. Additionally, on 31 December 2012, VM Ltd will pay the shareholders of GR Ltd GHS 1.76 per share acquired. VM Ltd’s cost of capital is 10% per annum.

At the date of acquisition, shares in VM Ltd and GR Ltd had market prices of GHS 6.50 and GHS 2.50 each, respectively.

STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2012

Description VM (GHS ‘000) GR (GHS ‘000)
Revenue 129,200 76,000
Cost of sales (102,400) (52,000)
Gross profit 26,800 24,000
Distribution costs (3,200) (3,600)
Administrative expenses (7,600) (4,800)
Investment income 1,000 –
Finance costs (840) –
Profit before tax 16,160 15,600
Income tax expense (5,600) (3,200)
Profit for the year 10,560 12,400

Equity as at 1 October 2011

Description VM (GHS ‘000) GR (GHS ‘000)
Stated capital 120,000 30,000
Income surplus 108,000 70,000

The following information is relevant:

(i) At the date of acquisition, the fair values of GR Ltd’s assets and liabilities were equal to their carrying amounts with the exception of two items:

  1. An item of plant had a fair value of GHS 3.6 million above its carrying amount. The remaining life of the plant at the date of acquisition was three years. Depreciation is charged to cost of sales.
  2. GR Ltd had a contingent liability which VM Ltd estimated to have a fair value of GHS 900,000. This has not changed as at 30 September 2012.

GR Ltd has not incorporated these fair value changes into its financial statements.

(ii) VM Ltd’s policy is to value the non-controlling interest at fair value at the date of acquisition. For this purpose, GR Ltd’s share price at the date can be deemed to be representative of the fair value of the shares held by the non-controlling interest.

(iii) Sales from VM Ltd to GR Ltd throughout the year ended 30 September 2012 had consistently been GHS 1.6 million per month. VM Ltd made a mark-up of 25% on these sales. GR Ltd had GHS 3 million of these goods in inventory as at 30 September 2012.

(iv) VM Ltd’s investment income is a dividend received from its investment in a 40% owned associate, which it has held for several years. The underlying earnings for the associate for the year ended 30 September 2012 were GHS 4 million.

(v) Although GR Ltd has been profitable since its acquisition by VM Ltd, the market for GR Ltd’s product has been badly hit in recent months, and VM Ltd had calculated that the goodwill has been impaired by GHS 4 million as at 30 September 2012.

Required:

(a) Calculate the goodwill on acquisition of GR Ltd.
(5 marks)

(b) Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss for VM Ltd for the year ended 30 September 2012.
(15 marks)

(Total: 20 marks)

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  • 15 Marks

CR – Nov 2018 – L3 – Q4 – Consolidated Financial Statements

Calculate key financial ratios for TGG and analyze its financial performance and cash flow based on the data provided for the year ended 30 September 2018.

The Gandi Group (TGG) operates in the farming industry and has operated a number of 100% owned subsidiaries for many years. The Gandi group has its operations in the Brong-Ahafo Region of Ghana. Its financial statements for the last two years are shown below.

Additional Information:

  1. TGG has become increasingly worried about two major areas in its business environment: reliance on large supermarkets (which demand long payment terms), and the increase in fuel prices, which raises the cost of distribution.
  2. To address these concerns, TGG purchased 80% of Asida Ltd on 1 October 2017. This was TGG’s first acquisition of a subsidiary without owning 100% of it. Asida Ltd operates two luxury hotels in the Ashanti Region.
  3. TGG raised finance by disposing of GH¢5.5 million in investments (with a GH¢2.25 million gain on disposal, included in administrative expenses) and by taking a GH¢10 million loan.
  4. Asida Ltd opened a third hotel in Accra in March 2018. Initial reviews were poor, but feedback improved after the appointment of a new marketing director in May 2018.
  5. Ratios for the year ended 30 September 2017:
    • Gross profit margin: 59.1%
    • Operating margin: 8.5%
    • Return on capital employed: 7.4%
    • Inventory turnover period: 60 days
    • Receivables collection period: 83 days

Required: a) Prepare the equivalent ratios for the year ended 30 September 2018.
(5 marks)

b) Analyze the financial performance and cash flow of TGG for the year ended 30 September 2018, making specific reference to any concerns or expectations regarding future periods.
(10 marks)

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