Question Tag: Compliance

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CR – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5b – Financial Performance & Digital Technology Integration

Evaluating the financial performance of Nsawkaw PLC and addressing challenges of digital technology integration in accounting.

(a) Compute the following ratios for the years ended 2024 & 2023:
i) Operating profit margin
ii) Return on parent’s equity
iii) Earnings per share
iv) Current ratio
v) Trade receivables days
vi) Total liabilities to total assets %

(b) Write a report to the directors of DPEF evaluating the inter-period financial performance and position of NK using the above six (6) ratios. The report should draw attention to how the non-financial metrics combine with the financial counterparts to showcase the prospects and viability of NK.                                                                      c) The concept of double materiality is relevant to sustainability impacts and dependencies. It
incorporates financial materiality and impact materiality. 

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AT – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q2c – Extension of Time and Early Filing of Tax Returns

Explain the conditions for tax return extension and early filing requirements.

Akosua Sokode has set up a small business to sell cosmetics in Accra. She just called you, an associate member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants Ghana, to seek your advice on tax returns and payment of taxes. Akosua Sokode told you that she cannot meet her tax payment deadlines and cannot file tax returns by the due dates. She also confided in you that maintenance of documents is a big problem for her.

Required:

Address the concerns of Akosua Sokode by briefing her on the following:

i) THREE factors regarding the extension of time for filing tax returns.

ii) TWO circumstances under which the Commissioner-General may request for filing of tax returns before the due date.

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AT – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q1b – Challenges in Tax Reforms in Ghana

Analyze two key challenges in tax reforms in Ghana.

Countries, including Ghana, have embarked on various tax reforms geared towards improving tax revenue to help provide infrastructure and guarantee sustainable growth. Tax administration in Ghana has therefore seen a number of reforms over the years, including restoring the tax base, improving tax administration, and the integration of the Revenue Agencies into an Authority to act as a one-stop shop as per the Ghana Revenue Authority Act, 2009 (Act 791).

Required:
In reference to the statement above, analyze TWO challenges (key issues) on tax reforms in Ghana.

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AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5b – Anti-Money Laundering Regulations and Auditor Responsibilities

Discuss anti-money laundering regulations in Ghana and auditors' responsibilities in compliance.

Lamsey Jewelers is a family-owned business specializing in high-end jewellery, located in Dunkwa-On-Offin in the Central Region of Ghana. The company sources gold from various suppliers in the small-scale mining sector. Recently, the Minerals Commission received anonymous tips suggesting that Lamsey Jewelers may be involved in laundering money through its operations. Authorities suspect that the business could be used to conceal the origins of illicit funds through gold purchases and sales.

To investigate these suspicions, regulatory authorities have appointed Baba Yara and Associates, an independent auditing firm, to conduct a thorough review of Lamsey Jewelers’ operations and financial transactions. During the audit, Baba Yara and Associates discovered that Lamsey Jewelers has been accepting large cash payments for custom jewellery orders without conducting proper due diligence on the customers. Several transactions involving cash payments exceed typical retail amounts, raising suspicions of potential money laundering.

Required:

i) Discuss the key legal and regulatory requirements in Ghana related to anti-money laundering relevant to Lamsey Jewelers.

ii) Discuss the obligations placed on professional firms such as Baba Yara and Associates in relation to money laundering.

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AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5a – Roles of an Audit Committee in Corporate Governance

Explain four roles of an audit committee in compliance with good corporate governance practices.

An Audit Committee is a sub-group of a company’s Board of Directors responsible for the oversight of the financial reporting and disclosure process. The duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee greatly contribute to good corporate governance practices of a company.

Required:
Explain FOUR roles of an Audit Committee in compliance with good corporate governance practices.

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AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q2b – Audit Procedures for Long-term Loan in Ecowud Co. LTD

Audit procedures to obtain sufficient appropriate evidence for a long-term loan.

Ecowud Co. LTD (Ecowud) is a sustainable goal-oriented company that develops, manufactures, and sells plywood made from rice husk and plastic waste. The company operates across Ghana and West Africa and has secured a GH¢3.5 million long-term loan as part of its financial restructuring. The loan agreement has bank-imposed financial conditions, including maintaining a minimum total asset level. If these conditions are breached, the loan becomes immediately repayable.

As part of the audit procedures, you are required to obtain sufficient and appropriate audit evidence regarding the GH¢3.5 million long-term loan.

Required:
Describe FIVE audit procedures you would perform to obtain sufficient appropriate evidence in relation to the long-term loan of GH¢3.5 million.

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PSAF – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q4b – Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability

Explanation of the Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability framework and its application.

Based on your results in (a), write a report to the newly appointed board analyzing and indicating whether their performance is better in comparison with the old board.

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PT – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q1b – Tax Decisions and Objections

Explanation of tax decisions and conditions under which objections to tax decisions are valid.

b) Tax decisions by the Commissioner-General can lead to tax disputes. The taxpayer can object to a tax decision. Objection constitutes an inalienable right a taxpayer can exercise in any tax administration environment.

Required:

i) When do we say that the Commissioner-General has taken a tax decision?

ii) State FOUR circumstances under which an objection to a tax decision is considered valid before the Commissioner-General can act on it.

iii) What are the options available to the Commissioner-General when he receives an objection from a taxpayer?

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FR – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q5a – Barriers to Harmonisation of Accounting Standards

Identifying five barriers to the harmonisation of accounting standards across different countries.

Harmonisation of accounting standards is a topical issue and is needed due to the increasing globalisation and competitiveness of governments and services. Harmonisation ensures reliable and high-quality financial reporting. However, not all countries have been able to harmonise their accounting standards in line with the International Financial Reporting Standards.

Required:
State FIVE barriers to the harmonisation of accounting standards faced by these countries.

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AAA – May 2016 – L3 – Q2a – Ethical Issues in Auditing

Discuss the importance of ethical guidance for accountants in addressing money laundering concerns.

(a) Comment on the need for ethical guidance for accountants on money laundering.
(5 Marks)

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AT – Nov 2022 – L3 – Q5 – Taxation and Corporate Governance

Analyze the tax implications for Yemmysea Beverages Limited’s proposed merger and acquisition arrangements, covering scenarios where a company absorbs another, a merger results in business cessation, and a business is sold or transferred. Additionally, explain the regulatory powers of the FIRS in mergers and acquisitions.

In its bid to increase market power, growth, and enhance operating economies, the Board of Directors of a medium-sized beverage company, Yemmysea Beverages Limited, located in Abeokuta, is considering proposals for a merger or acquisition with another business entity in the same industry. The Chairman of the Board found all the proposals attractive.

However, the Financial Accountant advised that the Board should consider the tax implications associated with each proposed merger or acquisition arrangement. To address this, a reputable tax consulting firm, experienced in mergers, acquisitions, and reorganizations, was recommended to provide expert analysis.

Your firm has now been approached to offer professional advice on the tax implications of each of the following merger or acquisition arrangements:

  • Proposal 1: When an existing company absorbs another existing company.
  • Proposal 2: When a merger results in the cessation of business.
  • Proposal 3: When a business is sold or transferred.

Required:

As the company’s Tax Consultant, submit a report to the Managing Director explaining the following:

  1. Tax implications when an existing company absorbs another existing company.
    (5 Marks)
  2. Tax implications when a merger results in the cessation of business.
    (3 Marks)
  3. Tax implications when a business is sold or transferred.
    (3 Marks)
  4. The powers of the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) on issues concerning mergers and acquisitions of companies.
    (4 Marks)

Total: 15 Marks

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AA – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q4 – Audit of Public Sector Entities

Identify inherent risks in a non-profit organization and assess control environment weaknesses impacting audit approach.

Greater Tomorrow Foundation (GTF) was established with the aim of providing support to children from disadvantaged backgrounds who wish to participate in sports, such as tennis, athletics, and football. It has benefited the country, with some beneficiaries representing the nation in international competitions.

GTF has a constitution detailing how income can be spent and limits administrative expenditure to one-eighth of its income annually.

GTF’s income comes solely from voluntary donations, including:

  • Cash collected by volunteers from the public.
  • Direct donations from generous individuals.

Certain donations specify that the principal amount cannot be spent, with income generated (interest) allocated to specific activities, like providing sports equipment (e.g., footballs, boots, rackets, sportswear, etc.).

Required:

a. Explain FIVE areas of inherent risk in Greater Tomorrow Foundation (GTF) and explain the effect of each risk on the audit approach. (10 Marks)

b. Explain FIVE reasons why the control environment may be weak in GTF. (10 Marks)

 

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FR – Nov 2023 – L2 – Q1 – Presentation of Financial Statements (IAS 1)

Prepare financial statements for Akamata Nigeria Limited, analyze revaluation adjustments, and assess ethical challenges posed by management.

Akamata Nigeria Limited is a manufacturing company. Its finished products are stored in a nearby warehouse until ordered by the customers. Akamata Nigeria Limited has performed very well in the past, but has been in financial difficulties in recent months due to the removal of petroleum subsidies and floating of exchange rate by the Federal Government of Nigeria. The company has been reorganizing its business to improve performance.

The trial balance of Akamata Nigeria Limited as at March 31, 2023, was as follows:

Description Debit (N’000) Credit (N’000)
Revenue 624,500
Cost of goods manufactured (excluding depreciation) 470,000
Distribution costs 45,300
Administrative expenses 80,100
Restructuring costs 605
Interest received 6,000
Loan notes interest paid 3,195
Land and building (including land N100,000,000) 251,500
Plant and equipment 18,600
Accumulated depreciation at March 31, 2022:
– Buildings 30,300
– Plant and equipment 8,350
Investment properties (at market value) 120,000
Inventories at March 31, 2022 24,260
Trade receivables 46,650
Cash and bank 5,950
Ordinary share capital of N1 each (fully paid) 100,000
Share premium 2,150
Revaluation surplus 15,625
Retained earnings at March 31, 2022 140,385
Ordinary dividend paid 5,000
7% loan notes (2027) 91,250
Trade payables 40,600
Proceeds of shares issued 12,000

Total Debit = 1,071,160
Total Credit = 1,071,160

Additional Information:

  1. Property, plant, and equipment depreciation policies:
    • Building: 5% p.a. on straight-line basis (administrative cost).
    • Plant and equipment: 25% p.a. on reducing balance basis (cost of sales).
  2. Land revaluation on March 31, 2023: N120,000,000.
  3. Estimated income tax for the year ended March 31, 2023: N4,880,000.
  4. Closing inventories as at March 31, 2023, amount to N25,900,000. Inspection shows that a production machine had incorrect setup resulting in mispackaged products costing N250,000 to produce. Additional repackaging cost of N100,000 would enable a sale at N275,000. The mispackaged goods are currently included in inventory at N250,000.
  5. Loan notes are due for repayment by March 31, 2027, with interest accrued for six months to March 31, 2023.
  6. Restructuring costs represent major efforts to improve competitiveness and profitability.
  7. Investment properties required no fair value adjustments during the period.
  8. Issued 10 million new ordinary shares at N1.20 each during the year, recorded under “proceeds of share issue.”

Required:

a. Prepare the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, and the statement of changes in equity for the year ended March 31, 2023. (15 Marks)

b. Prepare the statement of financial position as at March 31, 2023. (10 Marks)

c. As the chief accountant of Akamata Nigeria Limited, you have been instructed by the new managing director (MD) to revise the last financial statement and prepare an attractive six-month forecast for listing on the Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX), potentially bypassing relevant accounting standards and NGX regulations.

Required:
Identify the motivations of the managing director and outline actions you should consider under this ethical pressure. (5 Marks)

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TAX – May 2015 – L2 – SA – Q1 – Tax Audits and Investigations

Required to prepare tax documentation and compute liabilities for BICCI Nigeria Limited in response to FIRS tax audit report.

You have been invited to make a presentation to the Board of Directors of BICCI Nigeria Limited. Your performance at the presentation will determine your appointment as the Tax Consultant to the company.

BICCI Nigeria Limited, a trading company, was incorporated on 2 March 2009. It commenced business on 2 October of the same year, making accounts up to 30 September annually. The shareholders invested N18 million in non-current assets before the company commenced business in 2009.

Other information provided:

  1. Authorized, Issued, and Fully Paid-Up Capital – N10 million.
  2. Value Added Tax (VAT) and Withholding Tax (WHT) returns filed for 2010–2013 were carried out 2 months after each transaction month.
  3. Companies Income Tax (CIT) and Tertiary Education Tax (TET) returns were filed on 30 June for the 2011 to 2014 Assessment Years.

Extracts from the accounts (2010–2013):

On 15 July 2014, FIRS inspectors visited BICCI, informing management of an upcoming tax audit on 25 August 2014. They requested the following documents:

  1. Audited Accounts (2010–2013)
  2. Bank Statements (2010–2013)
  3. Trial Balance for each year
  4. Evidence of Tax Returns filed (CIT, VAT, WHT, TET)
  5. General Ledger printouts
  6. Proof of tax payments
  7. Tax registration evidence
  8. Tax Clearance Certificates
  9. WHT Credit Notes, if any

FIRS Interim Tax Audit Report (summarized):

Item 2013 2012 2011 2010
Revenue (N’000) 25,320 21,522 13,989 7,694
VAT on Revenue 8,862 7,533 4,896 3,462
Undisclosed Revenue 16,458 13,989 9,093 4,232
Directors’ Current Account 19,578 21,228 19,250 18,000
Payments under WHT:
– Directors’ Fees 1,625 2,125 1,145 960
– Rent 3,500 3,500 2,625 2,625
– Professional Fees 1,200 1,200 950 950
– Commission 2,825 1,875 970 376

Additional Adjustments:

  1. Cost of Sales written back: 60%
  2. Selling & Distribution expenses written back: 60%
  3. Admin expenses written back: 60%

Requirements:

a. List the documents required by FIRS for the Interim Tax Audit. (3 Marks)
b. Calculate BICCI Nigeria Limited’s potential tax liabilities per the Interim Tax Audit. (12 Marks)
c. Prepare a schedule for VAT and WHT receipts collected by BICCI. (7 Marks)
d. Advise management on possible tax consequences if they do not respond to the audit. (8 Marks)

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AA – May 2021 – L2 – Q1 – Regulatory Framework for Auditing

Analysis of audit risks and control objectives in a joint audit and compliance scenario.

Chukwuemeka & Co. (Chartered Accountants) has been auditors to GED Manufacturing Nigeria Plc. There have been some regulatory and compliance issues for which the company was sanctioned and paid penalties to the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria.

At the board of directors meeting to consider the last annual report audited by the firm, some of the previous problems caused by the auditors were raised and discussed. Following the reoccurrence of such issues, it was proposed that another audit firm be engaged in addition to the present firm.

To achieve their objective, a bigger firm that has international affiliation was considered to take a leading role in a joint audit arrangement and to ensure appropriate compliance. Your firm has been approached for the appointment. A meeting was scheduled between your firm, Chukwuemeka & Co., and the executive management of GED Manufacturing Nigeria Plc.

After the meeting, your firm was subsequently appointed, and the necessary formalities were properly followed. Your partner has directed that you liaise with Chukwuemeka & Co. to obtain the necessary materials for the preparation of the audit and that you review the prior year working papers to understand the issues. Your assessment of the documents obtained from the other auditor revealed the following, amongst others:

(i) The work done on the process of dispatch of goods and invoicing was not considered sufficient and appropriate.

(ii) The IT operations of the company had weak controls such that it was possible for some staff to override some of the existing controls.

Required:

a. Explain the risks inherent in the dispatch of goods and invoicing. (10 Marks)

b. Discuss the control objectives and principal controls that are relevant to the process of dispatch of goods and invoicing. (10 Marks)

c. Explain the limitations of a joint audit. (5 Marks)

d. Discuss the benefits of audit carried out by an internationally affiliated audit firm. (10 Marks)

e. Explain briefly the importance of audit working papers. (5 Marks)

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TAX – May 2023 – L2 – SC – Q6 – Value-Added Tax (VAT)

Compute VAT remittance for Fountain Hotels' July 2022 transactions and explain VAT concepts.

Fountain Hotels Limited is a group of hotels located in many parts of North Central Nigeria, providing accommodation and other hospitality services. It renders its returns at the end of each month in accordance with the Value Added Tax Act 2004 (as amended).

The following are the details of the transactions for the month of July 2022:

  • VAT on outdoor catering services: N600,000
  • VAT on food: N360,000
  • VAT on drinks: N240,000
  • VAT on other vatable hotel services: N270,000
  • VAT on drinks purchased: N150,000
  • VAT on foodstuff purchased: N210,000
  • VAT on kitchen equipment: N480,000
  • VAT on professional services: N240,000

Additional Information:

  1. 30% of outdoor catering services were on credit.
  2. 20% of food and drinks were on credit.
  3. Other vatable hotel services were paid in full.
  4. 25% of VAT on drinks and foodstuff purchased were on credit.
  5. VAT on kitchen equipment and professional services were paid in full.

Required:

a. Compute the VAT remittable to the Federal Inland Revenue Service in respect of July 2022 transactions. (9 Marks)

b. Write short notes on the following:
i. Revenue VAT (2 Marks)
ii. Zero-rated supplies and services (2 Marks)
iii. VAT on exports (2 Marks)

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PSAF – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q5a – Public Sector Audit

Outline audit objectives for Treasury, Agency, and Government Enterprise accounts.

The functions of the office of the Auditor-General for the Federation is to audit the accounts of all Accounting Officers and all persons entrusted with the collections, receipts, custody, issue, or payment of Federal Government monies or with the receipt, collection, issue, sale, transfer, or delivery of any stamps, securities, stores, or other property of the Government of the Federation and for the certification of the annual accounts of the Government.

In light of the above, state three audit objectives of:
i. Treasury Accounts.
ii. Agency Accounts.
iii. Government Enterprise Accounts.

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TAX – May 2022 – L2 – SA – Q5 – Withholding Tax (WHT)

Discuss the contents of withholding tax returns, the time frame for compliance, and the merits and demerits of the withholding tax scheme.

Withholding tax is a tax deducted at source from proceeds made to a taxable person for the supply of goods and services. It is not another form of tax, but simply an advance payment of tax, as the withholding tax deducted at source is off-set against any subsequent tax liability that may be due in respect of the income.

Required:
a. State the contents of withholding tax returns/payment schedule. (5 Marks)
b. State the time frame for compliance with withholding tax returns. (5 Marks)
c. Explain the merits and demerits of the withholding tax scheme. (5 Marks)

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BL – May 2012 – L1 – SB – Q6A – Company Law

Advise on the importance of filing annual returns for Xeyoze Limited.

Xeyoze Limited was incorporated by the Corporate Affairs Commission on February 1, 2010. On March 1, 2011, the company bid for a contract to rehabilitate one of the nation’s oil refineries. This contract attracted scores of bidders because it was seen as a very lucrative one. A rival bidder objected to the competence of Xeyoze Limited to bid for the contract on the ground that an investigation at the Corporate Affairs Commission revealed that the company has not filed its annual returns.

Required: Advise Xeyoze Limited on the following:

(i) The importance of filing annual returns. (2 Marks)
(ii) The period within which the annual returns must be filed. (2 Marks)
(iii) The consequences of failure to file annual returns. (2 Marks)
(iv) Whether it is optional to file the annual returns or not (2 Marks)
(v) What is your advice if the contract was bid for on October 1, 2010? (3 Marks)

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CSME – Nov 2021 – L2 – Q7 – Corporate Ethics Programs

Explanation and purpose of corporate code of ethics and its content for organizations.

It has become common practice among organizations to have a Corporate Code of Ethics.

Required:

a. Explain Corporate Code of Ethics and its purpose. (5 Marks)
b. Provide an outline of the content of Corporate Code of Ethics. (10 Marks)
(Total 15 Marks)

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