a) Duties of an Employer
Under the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651), an employer has the following duties:

1. Provide work and appropriate raw materials, machinery, equipment, and tools.
2. Pay the agreed remuneration at the time and place agreed upon in the contract of employment or collective agreement, or by custom, without any deduction except deductions permitted by law or agreed between the employer and the worker.
3. Take all practicable steps to ensure that the worker is free from risk of personal injury or damage to their health during and in the course of employment or while lawfully on the employer’s premises.
4. Develop the human resources of the workers by way of training and retraining.
5. Provide and ensure the operation of an adequate procedure for the discipline of workers.
6. Furnish the worker with a copy of the worker’s contract of employment.
7. Keep open the channels of communication with the workers.
8. Protect the interests of the workers.

(8 points at 1 mark each = 8 marks)

b) Rights of a Worker
The rights of a worker under the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651) include:

1. Work under satisfactory, safe, and healthy conditions.
2. Receive equal pay for equal work without distinction of any kind.
3. Have rest, leisure, and reasonable limitation of working hours and periods of holidays with pay, as well as remuneration for public holidays.
4. Form or join a trade union.

(4 points at 1 mark each = 4 marks)

c) Duties of a Worker
The duties of a worker as prescribed in the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651) include:

1. Work conscientiously in the lawfully chosen occupation.
2. Report for work regularly and punctually.
3. Enhance productivity.
4. Exercise due care in the execution of assigned work.
5. Obey lawful instructions regarding the organization and execution of work.
6. Take all reasonable care for the safety and health of fellow workers.
7. Protect the interests of the employer.
8. Take proper care of the property of the employer entrusted to the worker or under the immediate control of the worker.

(8 points at 1 mark each = 8 marks)