Tag (SQ): Trade Payables

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FM – L2 – Q104 – Working Capital Management

Analyze Peak Enterprises Limited's financial statements to determine if it is overtrading and discuss its implications.

Peak Enterprises Limited is a small manufacturing company. Its summarized accounts for the last two years are presented below:

Statements of Financial Position as at 31st March

Year 5 (GH¢’000) Year 6 (GH¢’000)
Fixed Assets 1,130 1,080
Current Assets
Inventory 210 260
Trade Receivables 120 160
Cash 30
Total Current Assets 360 420
Total Assets 1,490 1,500
Equity and Liabilities
Equity Shares of GH¢0.25 200 200
Accumulated Profits 680 500
Total Equity 880 700
Medium-Term Bank Loan 200 150
Current Liabilities
Bank Overdraft 140 250
Trade Payables 200 280
Other Payables 70 120
Total Current Liabilities 410 650
Total Equity and Liabilities 1,490 1,500

Statements of Profit or Loss for the Year Ending 31st March

Year 5 (GH¢’000) Year 6 (GH¢’000)
Sales 1,800 2,900
Gross Profit 210 260
Profit Before Tax 120 160
Taxation (30) (40)

Required
(a) Comment on whether there is any evidence that Peak Enterprises Limited is overtrading.
(b) Discuss the implications of overtrading for Peak Enterprises Limited.

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FA – L1 – Q91 – Inventory

Calculate closing inventory given sales, purchases, opening inventory, and a 25% mark-up.

(a) A business makes all of its sales at a mark-up of 25%. During the year sales totalled GH¢98,000 and purchases were GH¢71,000. The inventory at the start of the year was valued at GH¢10,200.

What was the value of the closing inventory at the end of the year?

(b) A business has the following assets and liabilities at the start and end of March.

1 March 31 March
GH¢ GH¢
Trade receivables 6,100 7,400
Trade payables 3,900 3,500

The summarised bank statements for the year showed the following figures:

  • Bankings for the year were GH¢78,500
  • Payments to suppliers for the year were GH¢49,700
  • The owner banks her takings from the till each month but before doing so in March she took GH¢5,000 for her own use.

What are the sales for the year?

(c) An accountant has prepared the following list of the assets and liabilities of a business, but has forgotten to enter the cash balance.

GH¢
Trade payables 4,900
Inventory 9,300
Non-current assets 98,900
Capital 97,200
Bank loan 15,700
Receivables 16,800
Bank

What is the missing figure for ‘Bank’?

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AA – L2 – Q64 – Audit of Financial Statements

Identify the financial statement assertion with the greatest inherent risk for trade payables audit.

Peak Cycles is a small manufacturing company of which your firm of Chartered Accountants is the external auditor. You have been assigned to the audit of the payables.
The audit file indicates that control risk for purchases and payments transactions is assessed as slightly less than high because of limitations in the extent of segregation of duties due to the small number of accounts personnel. There are no other identified control problems or prior year audit problems.
Narrative notes on the accounting system contain the following descriptions.
Purchases are requisitioned by the user department and ordered, using prenumbered order forms, by the purchasing manager.
Raw materials and manufacturing supplies are delivered to the receiving department of the factory where the receiver issues pre-numbered goods inward notes (GINs).
Purchases of other goods and services are delivered directly to the requisitioning department and no GINs are issued.
The accounts department checks suppliers’ invoices with purchase orders, and

  • for production department purchases, with GINs
  • for other purchases, sends the invoices to the requisitioning department manager who initials the invoice to indicate that it is appropriate to pay.
    Invoices are then processed to the accounting records using proprietary software.
    All suppliers are paid at the end of the month following the month of receipt of the invoice.
    Payables at 31 October 20X8 therefore represent goods and services invoiced in October. In addition, invoices received between 1 and 15 November were divided into those relating to goods received or services provided before and after 31 October, the former being recorded in the accounting records before the October trial balance was produced. On 15 November, any unmatched GINs relating to deliveries before 31 October were posted to the accounts as at 31 October at the estimated amounts of the invoices.
    Suppliers’ invoices are filed alphabetically with supporting documentation, all of which is cancelled with the date of payment when the cheque is issued. Suppliers’ monthly statements are also filed with the invoices. These are scrutinised by the accounts department for unusual items, such as overdue invoices, but are not regularly reconciled with the company’s own records.
    Required:
    (a)  In your audit of trade payables in the 31 October 20X8 financial statements explain which of the financial statement assertions you would regard as presenting the greatest inherent risk.

(b)  Discuss the reasons for undertaking or not undertaking a payables’ circularisation.

(c) Outline substantive procedures you would apply in your audit of trade payables relating to production department purchases.

(d) Explain additional procedures you would perform in verifying the completeness of non-production department payables.

(e)  Set out the audit procedures you would perform on share capital and reserves.

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