Tag (SQ): Going Concern

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Review auditor going concern responsibilities, identify five indicators from Afrimax Ltd financials, and state three audit procedures.

a) Below is a summary of the financial information of Afrimax Ltd, an audit client.

Financial performance

Item 30 June 2025 GH¢ ‘million 30 June 2024 GH¢’ million
Revenue 231 506
Cost of sales (235) (352)
Selling, general and admin expenses (48) (52)
Income tax expense (3) (12)

Financial position

Item 30 June 2025 GH¢ ‘million 30 June 2024 GH¢’ million
Property, plant and equipment (PPE) 950 958
Inventory 39 42
Accounts receivable 94 111
Cash and cash equivalents 5 30
Borrowings (830) (830)
Accounts payable (244) (238)
Income tax payable (17) (21)
Share capital (50) (50)
Retained earnings 53 (2)

Additional information:

  1. 60% of PPE relates to the assets used in the provision of works under a contract with Jinex Industries Ltd while the remaining 40% relates to assets required for the provision of works under a contract with Sampax Ltd.
  2. The Borrowings relate to a 3-year loan facility from Drobax Area Rural Bank Ltd. The loan balance is due on 31 December 2025.
  3. In arriving at the carrying amount of inventory, a provision of GH¢12 million was posted.
  4. An expected credit loss of GH¢18 million is also included in accounts receivable.
  5. The decline in the revenue for the year is mainly due to a retarding level of activity for Sampax Ltd. In the previous year, this contract brought in revenue of approximately GH¢250 million.

Required:                                                                                                                                                                                                                         i) Explain the auditor’s responsibility with regards to going concern.                                                                                                             ii) Identify FIVE indicators of going concern challenges at Afrimax Ltd.                                                                                                           iii) State THREE audit procedures you would perform in determining the going concern status of Afrimax Ltd.

b) Patakex Telecommunications Ltd is an international telecom provider with operations in several African countries. You are the audit associate on the year-end audit for the financial year ended 31 March 2025.

One of the material revenue streams, international roaming charges (50% of total revenue), relies on a complex billing system. During the audit, inconsistencies were found in how revenue was recognized. The audit team planned additional substantive testing, including review of billing data, inter-operator agreements and cut-off testing. Materiality was determined using 5% of profit before tax.

Due to IT department delays and access restrictions, the team was unable to complete the planned audit procedures. Attempts to gather alternative evidence (bank receipts, usage data) were unsuccessful, as the data was incomplete. Management believes the revenue is fairly stated and insists that the audit should proceed.

Required:                                                                                                                                                                                                                         i) Identify and explain the type of audit issue that has arisen.                                                                                                                            ii) Evaluate whether the issue is material and/or pervasive.                                                                                                                               iii) Recommend TWO additional actions or communications the auditor should undertake before finalising the audit report.           iv) Justify the appropriate type of audit opinion to be issued.

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Audit manager reviews a client with going concern issues where directors refuse to disclose a required note in financial statements.

As the Audit Manager of Zelton & Associates, you are responsible for conducting reviews on audit files where there is potential disagreement between your firm and clients.

You are looking at DuaKonta LTD’s audit file’s going concern section. DuaKonta LTD is a client with severe cash flow issues as well as other, less significant operational signs of going concern issues.

According to the working papers, DuaKonta LTD is now attempting to raise funds to support its operating cash flows, and if the funds are not obtained, there will be serious uncertainty over the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. After reviewing the working papers, it came to light that the going concern assumption is appropriate. However, it is advised that the financial statements include a note outlining the company’s cash flow issues, a description of the financing being sought and an assessment of the company’s going concern status. The Directors of DuaKonta LTD do not wish to include the note in the financial statements.

Required:
a) Compare and contrast the responsibilities of Management and of Auditors, in relation to the assessment of going concern. You should include a description of the procedures used in this assessment where relevant.

b) Consider and comment on FOUR possible reasons the Directors of DuaKonta LTD are reluctant to provide the note to the financial statements.

c) Identify and discuss the implications for the auditor’s report if:
i) The directors refuse to include the disclosure note.
ii) The directors agree to include the disclosure note

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What should an auditor do if a material uncertainty about going concern is disclosed?

A company prepares its financial statements on a going concern basis, but a material uncertainty exists about the ability of the company to continue as a going concern which is fully disclosed by management in the financial statements. In this situation, what shall the auditor do?

A   The auditor’s report shall contain a ‘Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern’ paragraph

B   The auditor’s report shall state an adverse opinion

C   The auditor’s report shall state a disclaimer of opinion

D   The auditor’s report shall contain an ’emphasis of matter’ paragraph

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Audit opinion for disclosed zero-interest loan.

If a client has a loan from another group company at zero rate of interest and discloses it in a note to the financial statements, what is the correct audit opinion?

A   It depends whether the item is material

B   Qualified opinion, ‘except for’

C   Qualified opinion, ‘adverse’

D   Unqualified

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Incorrect statement about going concern audit.

Which of the following is NOT true about audit of the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting?

A   The auditor must assess the appropriateness of the going concern basis of accounting.

B   Auditing the cash flow forecast is a good source of audit evidence.

C   Written representations are usually sufficient on their own.

D   If there a material uncertainty exists with regards to going concern, an unmodified audit opinion is possible if a Material     Uncertainty Related to Going Concern paragraph is included.

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Describe auditor's responsibilities for subsequent events between year-end and report signing, and post-signing to issuance.

You are an audit senior for an audit firm and are currently working on the audit of TechWorks Co, a company which produces sophisticated electronic laboratory equipment. The company imports a high proportion of the components it uses from China. The equipment is used by some laboratories dealing with hazardous chemicals.

As the audit draws to a close, the partner in charge has asked you to ensure that all procedures relating to subsequent events and going concern are properly performed. You are to consider the audit work to be performed in relation to ISA 560 Subsequent Events and ISA 570 Going Concern.

Required:
(a) Describe the auditor’s responsibilities for subsequent events occurring between:
(i) The year-end date and the date the auditor’s report is signed.
(ii) The date the auditor’s report is signed and the date the financial statements are issued. (6 marks)

(b) Going concern relates to the judgement that an entity will continue to trade for the foreseeable future.

(i) Explain the responsibilities of directors and auditors in relation to going concern. (3 marks)

(ii) Explain the audit procedures that audit could carry out when conducting the going concern review of TechWorks Co.

(c) TechWorks Co has an internal audit function. The partner in charge of the audit is seeking clarification regarding how any deficiencies in internal control should be identified and communicated to management. The partner feels the report produced by the external auditors may duplicate the produced by the internal audit function.

Required:
Explain how the purpose and content of an internal auditor’s report on internal control deficiencies differs from one prepared by the external auditor.

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Identify further information needed for audit opinion on Luxe Scents due to supplier issues. Outline possible audit report forms for Luxe Scents given supplier financial issues.

Luxe Scents has been in existence, importing perfume, for a number of years. The managing director had built up the business using contacts he already had in the industry. The company imports only one brand of perfume, which is manufactured exclusively by one company. The perfume is distributed via ‘shops within shops’ at 20 branches of a well-known store. Under this agreement, Luxe Scents pays a percentage of its takings to the store, with a minimum annual payment of $50,000 per store.

The audit is nearing completion, but you have just heard that the Italian manufacturer is facing serious financial difficulties and that supplies have ceased.

Required
(a) Set out the further information the auditor would require before reaching an audit opinion.

(b) Set out the possible forms of report that the auditor may issue.

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Identify four financial statement areas relevant to subsequent events review, with relevant post-year-end information and reasons.

Identify four areas of the financial statements to which a review of subsequent events might be relevant. For each area state what kind of information available after the reporting period might be relevant, and why.

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Assess audit procedures and alternative audit opinions for Maris Vintages' going concern status due to loan repayment issues.

You are the audit manager in charge of the audit of Maris Vintages, a company which imports and distributes palm wine. In recent years the company has become less profitable due to the large range of palm wines now carried by supermarkets. The draft financial statements for the year ended 30 November 20X8 show that current liabilities exceed current assets by $200,000.
The company’s major source of finance is a bank loan of $500,000 which is due for repayment in full on 31 October 20X5. The company is currently negotiating with its bankers for a replacement long-term loan of $1 million. They intend to use some of the loan to reposition themselves in the marketplace to establish the superiority of their wines over those sold in supermarkets.
The directors submitted a profit forecast with their loan application and are optimistic that their application will be successful. However, they do not expect negotiations to be completed before the annual general meeting in March. Your firm has been asked not to approach the bank directly.

Required
(a) Set out the audit procedures you would perform in order to establish the ability of Maris Vintages to continue as a going concern.
(b) Discuss the alternative audit opinions that might be relevant to the financial statements of Maris Vintages together with the circumstances in which each would be appropriate.

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You're reporting an error for "AAA – L3 – Q63 – Audit-related services"

Evaluate audit seniors' proposals for auditor’s reports for two clients with going concern and non-disclosure issues.

You are the manager responsible for the audit of two, unrelated, audit clients. In each case you are currently reviewing the audit working papers and the audit seniors’ recommendations for the type of auditor’s report to be issued. Details are as follows:

(1) PrimeTech Laptops is a subsidiary of CoreTech Computers. Serious going concern problems have been noted during this year’s audit. PrimeTech Laptops will be unable to trade for the foreseeable future unless it continues to receive financial support from CoreTech Computers. A letter of support has been received and a copy is filed on the current audit file.
The audit senior has suggested that, due to the seriousness of the situation, the audit opinion should be modified.

(2) During the year, Rania Textiles has made a small loan to one of its directors but this has not been disclosed in the financial statements. Such disclosure is required by local legislation. Your auditor’s report gives an opinion on compliance with such legislation.
The audit senior has suggested that, as the amount involved is small, an unmodified opinion should be issued.

Required:
For each client, comment on the suitability or otherwise of the seniors’ proposals for the auditor’s reports. Where you disagree, indicate what kind of modification (if any) should be given instead

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