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Show how Karla Ltd's three grants are reflected in financial statements for year ended 30 June Year 2, with options per IAS 20.

During the year ended 30 June Year 2, Karla Ltd received three grants, the details of which are set out below.
(1) On 1 September, a grant of GH₵40,000 from local government. This grant was in respect of training costs of GH₵70,000 which Karla Ltd had incurred.
(2) On 1 November Karla Ltd bought a machine for GH₵350,000. A grant of GH₵100,000 was received from central government in respect of this purchase. The machine, which has a residual value of GH₵50,000, is depreciated on a straight-line basis over its useful life of five years.
(3) On 1 June, a grant of GH₵100,000 from local government. This grant was in respect of relocation costs that Karla Ltd had incurred moving part of its business from outside the local area. The grant is repayable in full unless Karla Ltd recruits ten employees locally by the end of Year 2. Karla Ltd is finding it difficult to recruit as the local skill base does not match the needs of this part of the business.

Required
Show how the above transactions should be reflected in the financial statements of Karla Ltd for the year ended 30 June Year 2. Where any accounting standards allow a choice you should show all possible options.

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Explain accounting treatment of tuition fees for Wisdom Academy for 2023 per IPSAS 9.

The academic year of Wisdom Academy starts from September each year but has a financial year from January 1 to December 31, consistent with the fiscal year of the Government of Ghana. With respect to the 2023/2024 academic year, a total of 6,000 students were on the roll of students, each expected to pay tuition fees of GHc8,000 for the academic year, divided into two equal parts for each semester. All students are expected to pay 25% of the first semester tuition fees at the start of September each year and pay the remaining 25% before the end of first semester examinations which starts in the first week of December. Similar arrangements pertain to the second semester which starts in February of the following year and ends in May. As at 31st December 2023, 20% of the total students’ population had paid their entire fees for the academic year, 60% of the students had paid full fees for the first semester only, the remaining 20% of the students had managed to pay only 90% of the tuition fees for the first semester but were allowed to write the end of semester examinations.

Required:

Explain the accounting treatment of tuition fees in the financial statements of Wisdom Academy for the year ended 31st December 2023 being guided by IPSAS 9: Revenue from exchange transactions.

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