MICROFINANCE AND RURAL BANKING – Page 2

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q8 – Data Sources for Strategic Risk Management in MFIs

Write short notes on four data sources (government initiatives, regulator pronouncements, media publications, business performance data) and how they aid strategic risk management in MFIs.

Question

In measuring the probability and potential impact of the various strategic risks on the MFIs, the Board and Key Management Personnel will focus on the adequacy of internal policies and procedures as well as the extent to which these policies and procedures are effective to control the occurrence and mitigate the potential effect of identified risks. Write short notes on the following data sources of information and indicate how they help strategic risk management of MFIs.

• Government initiatives and programs (5 Marks)

• Periodic pronouncements of the regulator (5 Marks)

• Media publications and changes in the industry landscape (5 Marks)

• Data on business performance (5 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Data Sources, Government Initiatives, MFIs, Risk Management, Strategic Risks
Level: Level 4

Topic: Role of Capital in Microfinance Operations
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q7 – Policies and Procedures in Microfinance Institutions

Differentiate between policy and procedure; discuss four benefits of policies and procedure manuals for MFIs.

Question

There is a general believe that given the size of microfinance institutions in Tier 2 down to Tier 4, there are too many demands for policies and procedures from the management and board of these institutions.

a) Differentiate between policy and procedure. (4 Marks)

b) Discuss four (4) benefits MFIs may derive from polices and procedure manuals for their businesses.

(16 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Benefits, Differentiation, Microfinance Institutions, Policies, Procedures
Level: Level 4

Topic: Risk in Microfinance Institutions
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q6 – Justifications for Disqualification of Directors in MFIs

Discuss four compelling justifications for disqualification of persons as Directors or Key Management in MFIs under Section 58 of Act 930.

Question

Section 58 of the Banks and Specialized Deposit-Taking Institutions Act, 2016 (Act 930) prohibits a person from being appointed, elected or from accepting an appointment or election as a Director or Key Management Person of an MFI. Discuss 4 compelling justifications of the disqualification of a person appointed, elected or from accepting an appointment or election as a Director or Key Management Person of an MFI.

(20 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Directors, Disqualification, Key Management, MFIs, Section 58 Act 930
Level: Level 4

Topic: Microfinance Institutions Regulation and Supervision
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q6 – Justifications for Disqualification of Directors in MFIs

Discuss four compelling justifications for disqualification of persons as Directors or Key Management in MFIs under Section 58 of Act 930.

Question

(20 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Directors, Disqualification, Key Management, MFIs, Section 58 Act 930
Level: Level 4

Topic: Microfinance Institutions Regulation and Supervision
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q5 – Differences Between Banks and Specialized Deposit-Taking Institutions

List and explain five areas of differences between Banks and Specialized Deposit-Taking Institutions under Act 930.

Question

How different are Banks from the Specialized Deposit-Taking Institutions according to the Act, 2016 (Act 930)?

List and explain five (5) areas of differences that exist between the two categories of financial intermediation.

Answer

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Tags: Act 930, Banks, Differences, Financial Intermediation, Specialized Deposit-Taking Institutions
Level: Level 4

Topic: ome Characteristics and Mechanisms of Microfinance Institutions
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q4 – Repercussions of E-Levy on Digital Transformation in Rural Banks

Discuss the repercussions of the E-levy on digital transformation and savings mobilization in Rural and Community Banks

Question

The Electronic Transaction Levy (E-levy) of a 1.5% taxation on electronic transactions, came into effect on the 1st of May, 2022. The levy applies to mobile money payments, bank transfers, merchant payments, and inward remittances (MoF 2022 Budget Highlights). The aim was to capture the informal sector and providing an opportunity for every Ghanaian to contribute towards nation building and also ensure that the hidden, submerged or informal economy is brought within the remit of the formal economy. More specifically, the move was a necessary economic tool to widen the tax net which would increase the country’s tax to GDP.
Discuss the repercussions of the levy on the digital transformation drive in Rural and Community Banks regarding the use of digital platforms in savings mobilization.

(20 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Digital Transformation, E-Levy, Electronic Transaction Levy, Rural Banks, Savings Mobilization
Level: Level 4

Topic: Future of Rural Banking in Ghana
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q3 – Responsibilities of Key Management in Mitigating Strategic Risks

List and discuss five specific responsibilities of key management personnel in mitigating strategic risks in Rural and Community Banks

Question

What are specific responsibilities of the Key Management Personnel team in ensuring appropriate measures are in place to mitigate strategic risks in Rural and Community Banks? List and discuss any 5 specific responsibilities of key management personnel of RCBs.

(20 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Key Management Personnel, Responsibilities, Risk Mitigation, Rural Banks, Strategic Risks
Level: Level 4

Topic: Risk in Microfinance Institutions
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q2 – Achievements of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana

List and explain five achievements of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana.

Question

As a manager of your organization you were asked by the Board of Directors to prepare and deliver a paper on the achievement of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana. List and explain five (5) achievements of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana.

(20 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Achievements, Community Banks, Financial Inclusion, Ghana, Rural Banks
Level: Level 4

Topic: Some achievement of rural banks
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q1 – Crop Yield Failure and Loan Repayment Strategies

Advise on strategic steps for farmers to ensure loan repayment amid crop yield failures due to climate change.

Question

Crop yield failure is a common phenomenon in small scale farming more also in the era of increasing effect of climate change.

What strategic steps will you advise farmers take to ensure the repayment of their loans?

(20 Marks)

Answer

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Tags: Climate Change, Crop Yield Failure, Loan Repayment, Risk Mitigation, Small Scale Farming
Level: Level 4

Topic: Loan administration and monitoring
Series: OCT 2022

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q8 – Gender Provisions in MFI Product Development

Outline appropriate steps to ensure provisions for women and girls in the product development or review process of an MFI, aligning with SDG Goal 5.

Question

The SDG Goal 5 stipulates the achievement of gender equality and empowerment of all women and girls. In developing new products or the review of your existing products of your MFI, what steps will you consider as appropriate in ensuring adequate provisions are made for women and girls in your product development process in your MFI?

[20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Gender Equality, Ghana Microfinance, MFI Processes, Product Development, SDG 5, Women Empowerment
Level: Level 4

Topic: Some Characteristics and Mechanisms of Microfinance Institutions
Series: APR 2023

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q7 – Evolution of Microfinance Clientele Base

Discuss how the microfinance clientele base has shifted from the poorest poor to the financially excluded over time, analyzing implications for MFIs.

Question

The microfinance clientele base had changed over time from the poorest poor to financially excluded clientele. Discuss.

[20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Financial Exclusion, Ghana MF Sector, Microfinance Clientele, Outreach Depth, Poverty Reduction
Level: Level 4

Topic: Introduction
Series: APR 2023

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q6 – Corporate Governance in Microfinance Institutions

Explain the concept of corporate governance for microfinance and discuss its importance to the survival of microfinance institutions, in the context of a new Managing Director addressing a Director's concerns.

Question

You have been appointed as a Managing Director of a microfinance company. Prior to your appointment, one of the Directors of the company intimated that they have been to several Corporate Governance training programs but complained that most of the time, the training is loaded with many people and the time allotted was inadequate, so he was not able to ask questions on the basic principles of Corporate Governance practices in Microfinance institutions.

a) Explain the concept of corporate governance for Microfinance. [6 Marks]

b) Discuss the importance of corporate governance to the survival of microfinance institutions.

[14 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Board Responsibilities, BoG Regulations, Corporate Governance, Microfinance, Risk Management, Sustainability
Level: Level 4

Topic: Microfinance Institutions Regulation and Supervision
Series: APR 2023

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q5 – Basic Principles of Savings for MFIs

List and explain five basic principles of savings for Microfinance Institutions (MFIs), focusing on their role in operations and client services.

Question

a) List and explain five (5) basic principles of savings for Microfinance Institutions (MFIs). [20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Financial Inclusion, Ghana MFIs, Microfinance Institutions, Product Development, Savings Principles
Level: Level 4

Topic: Performance Indicators in Microfinance Institutions
Series: APR 2023

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q4 – Role of ESG in Performance and Sustainability of RCBs

Critically examine the role of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles in the performance and sustainability of Rural and Community Banks (RCBs) in Ghana, highlighting their integration beyond traditional corporate governance.

Question

Hitherto corporate governance was pivotal in the sustainability programming and satisfaction of the regulatory frameworks of rural and community banks. During the 2022 Bankers’ Week celebration, it was concluded that the operationalization of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) principles into the operation of the RCBs has taken a more critical dimension. Critically examine the role of ESG’s in the performance and sustainability of RCBs in Ghana.

[20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Bank of Ghana Directives, Corporate Governance, ESG Principles, Ghana Banking Regulations, Performance, Rural Banks, Sustainability
Level: Level 4

Topic: Corporate Governance practices in rural banks
Series: APR 2023

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q3 – AML/CFT and CDD in Rural Banks

Outline the importance of AML/CFT programs and the CDD process in Rural Community Banks.

Question

Outline the importance of anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism program in RCBs. [10 Marks] b) What does Customer Due Diligence (CDD) process entail in RCBs operations? [10 Marks]

[Total: 20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Anti-Money Laundering, Combating Financing of Terrorism, Customer Due Diligence, Regulatory Compliance, Rural Banks
Level: Level 4

Topic: Prudential Supervision of Rural Banks
Series: APR 2023

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q2 – Rural Banks’ Contribution to Food Security

Outline how a Rural Community Bank can contribute to food security in line with SDG Goal 2

Question

According to the World Food Summit held in 1996, food security is defined as when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. As a manager of a Mampong RCB, outline how your bank can contribute to the food security in fulfillment of SDG Goal 2 that focuses on ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition and as well as promoting sustainable agriculture in Ghana.

[20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Agricultural Finance, Food Security, Rural Banks, SDG Goal 2, Sustainable Agriculture
Level: Level 4

Topic: Role and functions of rural banks
Series: APR 2023

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q1 – Credit Policy Areas for Non-Performing Loans

List and explain five credit policy areas in Rural and Community Banks' manuals that help reduce non-performing loans.

Question

List and explain five credit policy areas as contained in credit policy manuals of Rural and Community Banks and observed to reduce the incidence of non-performing loans.

[20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Credit Management, Credit Policy, Loan Performance, Non-Performing Loans, Rural Banks
Level: Level 4

Topic: Products and Services
Series: APR 2023

Subject: MICROFINANCE AND RURAL BANKING

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MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q8 – Data Sources for Strategic Risk Management in MFIs

Write short notes on four data sources (government initiatives, regulator pronouncements, media publications, business performance data) and how they aid strategic risk management in MFIs.

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MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q7 – Policies and Procedures in Microfinance Institutions

Differentiate between policy and procedure; discuss four benefits of policies and procedure manuals for MFIs.

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MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q6 – Justifications for Disqualification of Directors in MFIs

Discuss four compelling justifications for disqualification of persons as Directors or Key Management in MFIs under Section 58 of Act 930.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q6 – Justifications for Disqualification of Directors in MFIs"

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q6 – Justifications for Disqualification of Directors in MFIs

Discuss four compelling justifications for disqualification of persons as Directors or Key Management in MFIs under Section 58 of Act 930.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q6 – Justifications for Disqualification of Directors in MFIs"

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q5 – Differences Between Banks and Specialized Deposit-Taking Institutions

List and explain five areas of differences between Banks and Specialized Deposit-Taking Institutions under Act 930.

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MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q4 – Repercussions of E-Levy on Digital Transformation in Rural Banks

Discuss the repercussions of the E-levy on digital transformation and savings mobilization in Rural and Community Banks

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MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q3 – Responsibilities of Key Management in Mitigating Strategic Risks

List and discuss five specific responsibilities of key management personnel in mitigating strategic risks in Rural and Community Banks

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MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q2 – Achievements of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana

List and explain five achievements of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q2 – Achievements of Rural and Community Banks in Ghana"

MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q1 – Crop Yield Failure and Loan Repayment Strategies

Advise on strategic steps for farmers to ensure loan repayment amid crop yield failures due to climate change.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – OCT 2022 – L4 – Q1 – Crop Yield Failure and Loan Repayment Strategies"

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q8 – Gender Provisions in MFI Product Development

Outline appropriate steps to ensure provisions for women and girls in the product development or review process of an MFI, aligning with SDG Goal 5.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q8 – Gender Provisions in MFI Product Development"

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q7 – Evolution of Microfinance Clientele Base

Discuss how the microfinance clientele base has shifted from the poorest poor to the financially excluded over time, analyzing implications for MFIs.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q7 – Evolution of Microfinance Clientele Base"

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q6 – Corporate Governance in Microfinance Institutions

Explain the concept of corporate governance for microfinance and discuss its importance to the survival of microfinance institutions, in the context of a new Managing Director addressing a Director's concerns.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q6 – Corporate Governance in Microfinance Institutions"

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q5 – Basic Principles of Savings for MFIs

List and explain five basic principles of savings for Microfinance Institutions (MFIs), focusing on their role in operations and client services.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q5 – Basic Principles of Savings for MFIs"

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q4 – Role of ESG in Performance and Sustainability of RCBs

Critically examine the role of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles in the performance and sustainability of Rural and Community Banks (RCBs) in Ghana, highlighting their integration beyond traditional corporate governance.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q4 – Role of ESG in Performance and Sustainability of RCBs"

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q3 – AML/CFT and CDD in Rural Banks

Outline the importance of AML/CFT programs and the CDD process in Rural Community Banks.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q3 – AML/CFT and CDD in Rural Banks"

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q2 – Rural Banks’ Contribution to Food Security

Outline how a Rural Community Bank can contribute to food security in line with SDG Goal 2

You're reporting an error for "MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q2 – Rural Banks’ Contribution to Food Security"

MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q1 – Credit Policy Areas for Non-Performing Loans

List and explain five credit policy areas in Rural and Community Banks' manuals that help reduce non-performing loans.

You're reporting an error for "MRB – APR 2023 – L4 – Q1 – Credit Policy Areas for Non-Performing Loans"

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