Subject: ADVANCED AUDIT AND ASSURANCE

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5b – Anti-Money Laundering Regulations and Auditor Responsibilities

Discuss anti-money laundering regulations in Ghana and auditors' responsibilities in compliance.

Lamsey Jewelers is a family-owned business specializing in high-end jewellery, located in Dunkwa-On-Offin in the Central Region of Ghana. The company sources gold from various suppliers in the small-scale mining sector. Recently, the Minerals Commission received anonymous tips suggesting that Lamsey Jewelers may be involved in laundering money through its operations. Authorities suspect that the business could be used to conceal the origins of illicit funds through gold purchases and sales.

To investigate these suspicions, regulatory authorities have appointed Baba Yara and Associates, an independent auditing firm, to conduct a thorough review of Lamsey Jewelers’ operations and financial transactions. During the audit, Baba Yara and Associates discovered that Lamsey Jewelers has been accepting large cash payments for custom jewellery orders without conducting proper due diligence on the customers. Several transactions involving cash payments exceed typical retail amounts, raising suspicions of potential money laundering.

Required:

i) Discuss the key legal and regulatory requirements in Ghana related to anti-money laundering relevant to Lamsey Jewelers.

ii) Discuss the obligations placed on professional firms such as Baba Yara and Associates in relation to money laundering.

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5a – Roles of an Audit Committee in Corporate Governance

Explain four roles of an audit committee in compliance with good corporate governance practices.

An Audit Committee is a sub-group of a company’s Board of Directors responsible for the oversight of the financial reporting and disclosure process. The duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee greatly contribute to good corporate governance practices of a company.

Required:
Explain FOUR roles of an Audit Committee in compliance with good corporate governance practices.

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q4b – Compliance Audit in State Audits

Evaluate compliance audit engagements in state audits and discuss common areas covered in reports.

Compliance audit is crucial in state audits to ensure multiple objectives. It determines whether the subject matter being considered follows specific criteria. These criteria may include:

  1. Parliament decisions
  2. The Law
  3. Government Policy
  4. Established agreed terms, etc.

Compliance audit can be conducted as either an Attestation Engagement or a Direct Reporting Engagement.

Required:
i) Evaluate these TWO engagements. 
ii) Discuss common areas that will be covered by the reports of the two engagements.

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q4a – Audit of Ghana’s Domestic Debt Exchange Programme

Describe how to plan and execute an audit of Ghana’s domestic debt exchange program.

a) The Minister for Finance on December 5, 2022, invited holders of domestic bonds to voluntarily exchange GH¢137.3 (US$14.3) billion of the bonds and notes including E.S.L.A and Daakye Bonds for a package of 12 new eligible domestic bonds.

As Director of Audit at the Ghana Audit Service, describe how you would plan and execute an audit of the implementation of Ghana’s domestic debt exchange program as a form of CPD for a section of staff of the Ghana Audit Service.

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  • 8 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q3b – Implications of Inaccurate Other Information on the Audit

Describe the implications if the Chairman’s statement remains inaccurate and its impact on the audit report.

b) Assuming that no changes are made to the Chairman’s statement, describe the implications for the completion of the audit and the auditor’s report.

(Note: detailed knowledge in IFRS S1 is not a requirement to answer this question).

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  • 12 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q3a – Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Other Information

Explain the auditor’s responsibilities regarding other information in an entity’s annual report and identify issues in the Chairman’s statement.

a) In line with ISA 720: (Revised) The Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Other Information, explain the auditor’s responsibilities in relation to the other information presented with the audited financial statements and comment on the matters arising from the extract from the Chairman’s statement.

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  • 5 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q2b – Audit Procedures for Long-term Loan in Ecowud Co. LTD

Audit procedures to obtain sufficient appropriate evidence for a long-term loan.

Ecowud Co. LTD (Ecowud) is a sustainable goal-oriented company that develops, manufactures, and sells plywood made from rice husk and plastic waste. The company operates across Ghana and West Africa and has secured a GH¢3.5 million long-term loan as part of its financial restructuring. The loan agreement has bank-imposed financial conditions, including maintaining a minimum total asset level. If these conditions are breached, the loan becomes immediately repayable.

As part of the audit procedures, you are required to obtain sufficient and appropriate audit evidence regarding the GH¢3.5 million long-term loan.

Required:
Describe FIVE audit procedures you would perform to obtain sufficient appropriate evidence in relation to the long-term loan of GH¢3.5 million.

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q2a – Audit Risks and Responses for Ecowud Co. LTD

Identifying audit risks in Ecowud Co. LTD and how auditors should respond.

Ecowud Co. LTD (Ecowud) is a sustainable goal-oriented company that develops, manufactures, and sells plywood made from rice husk and plastic waste. The company has a wide customer base, including construction companies and furniture manufacturers across Ghana and West Africa.

You are the Audit Manager of Adomako & Associates and are planning the audit of Ecowud for the year ended 31 December 2023. You and the Audit Engagement Partner attended a planning meeting with Ecowud’s Finance Manager.

You are reviewing the initial meeting notes to develop the audit strategy and plan. The following key matters were captured:

  1. Development Expenditure: Revenue for the year was forecast at GH¢32 million. During the year, Ecowud spent GH¢3.5 million on developing new types of plywood. Some of these are in the early stages of development, while others are nearing completion. The Finance Manager intends to capitalize the entire GH¢3.5 million spent on development since all projects are likely to succeed.

  2. Inventory Valuation: Ecowud uses a standard costing method to value inventory. However, the company has never updated its standard costs since adopting this policy. The company operates multiple warehouses in Ghana and across West Africa, most of which are third-party rented premises.

  3. Accounting Software: A new accounting software was developed internally and implemented in August. The old and new software did not run parallel, as management deemed it burdensome. Two months after implementation, the IT Manager resigned, and a new IT Manager will take over in January 2024.

  4. Long-term Loan and Share Capital: Ecowud restructured its finances, raising GH¢2 million through share issuance and GH¢3.5 million through a long-term loan. The loan has bank-imposed financial conditions, including a minimum total asset level. If breached, the loan becomes immediately repayable.

  5. Revaluation of Land & Buildings: Ecowud follows a revaluation model for land and buildings. The Finance Manager has announced that all land and buildings will be revalued at the year-end.

Required:
Identify FIVE audit risks in relation to Ecowud Co. LTD and for each risk, explain how the auditor should respond.

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q1b – Group Audit Risks and Consolidation Issues

Audit risks and procedures for a multinational group audit engagement.

You are a Senior Auditor at Dromo Audit Firm, assigned to audit a new client, Afroherb Pharma LTD, a multinational pharmaceutical company. During the initial stages of engagement planning, you discovered that Afroherb Pharma LTD operates in multiple jurisdictions, including Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and The Gambia. The parent company is in Ghana, and the companies in the other jurisdictions are all subsidiaries. All these jurisdictions have significant regulatory requirements and operational difficulties. The company has recently expanded its product line to include vaccine production following the introduction of The Vaccine Centre in Ghana. The production of vaccines is also subject to stringent regulatory reviews.

Required:
i) State FOUR audit procedures you could perform in relation to the consolidation of the financial statements of Afroherb Group. 
ii) Identify TWO specific risks associated with auditing Afroherb Pharma LTD, particularly in relation to its expansion into vaccine products. How should these risks be managed?
iii) State TWO problems associated with the planning of group audits

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q1a – Ethical Issues in Audit Engagements

Ethical issues and professional conduct in an audit engagement involving conflict of interest.

You are the Audit Partner of a mid-sized audit firm, Amoah Sonko and Associates. One of your major clients, Kudi LTD (Kudi), has approached you for a significant audit engagement. Kudi has been experiencing rapid growth and plans to get listed on the Ghana Alternative Market within the next year. During preliminary discussions, the Managing Director of Kudi, a friend, promised you a bonus if the audit report is completed quickly and is favourable, highlighting the company’s strengths.

In the course of the audit of Kudi, you came across a series of unusual financial transactions. These included large intercompany loans with its sister companies, other significant related-party transactions with the directors, and an unusually high volume of sales recorded a few days before the end of the financial year. Upon further investigation, your team found discrepancies in inventory records and evidence of potential non-compliance with revenue recognition standards. The Finance Manager insists these transactions are legitimate and necessary for the company’s rapid growth.

Additionally, you noticed that Kudi was involved in a high-profile legal battle with a major competitor, which was not fully disclosed in the financial statements. The lawyer for Kudi insists that you omit this information from the audit report, arguing it would damage the company’s reputation and its plans to get listed on the Ghana Alternative Market.

Required:
i) Identify TWO potential ethical issues in the scenario and explain the potential impact on your professional conduct.                      ii) Identify the steps you should take to address the conflict of interest presented by the Managing Director’s offer. 
iii) Discuss the potential sanctions for accepting the Managing Director’s offer and providing a favourable audit report without proper verification. 
iv) Evaluate the impact of the undisclosed legal battle on Kudi LTD’s financial statements and the upcoming initial public offer.

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SB – Q6 – Auditor’s Legal Liability

This question discusses auditors' responsibilities to shareholders and stakeholders, steps to minimize liability risks, and actions in distressed companies.

In a recent seminar you attended, it was explained that although auditors can incur civil liability under various statutes, it is far more likely that they will incur liability for negligence under common law. The paper presenter mentioned cases against auditors which were in this area. You also learnt that auditors must be fully aware of the extent of their responsibilities, together with steps they must take to minimize the danger claims arising from professional negligence.

Required:
a. Discuss the extent of auditors’ responsibilities to shareholders and other stakeholders during the course of their normal professional engagement. (8 Marks)

b. Outline FIVE steps that audit firms can take to minimize the danger of claims against them. (5 Marks)

c. Itemize TWO steps that must be taken to minimize the danger of claims when the company is deemed to have been distressed. (2 Marks)
(Total 15 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SB – Q5 – Audit of Specialized Industries

This question explores the challenges faced in auditing a teaching hospital and the peculiarities of auditing farm accounts.

You are the audit manager of Kunle Segun & Co (Chartered Accountants) which has been appointed as auditors to St. Anne’s Teaching Hospital and Agrocom Farms Limited.

Required:
a. State FIVE problems associated with the audit of a Teaching Hospital. (10 Marks)

b. List the types of farms and explain the peculiar characteristics associated with the audit of farm accounts. (5 Marks)
(Total 15 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SB – Q4 – Forensic Auditing

This question explores forensic audit, its application in fraud investigation, and compares auditor responsibilities in statutory versus forensic audits.

In accordance with ISA 240, the primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of fraud rests with Management. But the issue of Accountants seeking specialization as forensic auditors has continued to dominate discussion on professional practice.

Required:
a. Explain forensic audit and how it applies to fraud investigation. (5 Marks)

b. Compare the responsibilities of the auditor in respect of fraud when conducting:
i. Statutory Audit (5 Marks)
ii. Forensic Audit (5 Marks)
(Total 15 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SB – Q3 – Public Sector Audit

This question covers the terms related to public sector audit, procedures for auditing revenue, and the distinction between regulatory and financial audits.

a. Explain the following terms in relation to Public Sector Audit:
i. Self-Accounting Unit (2 Marks)
ii. Sub-Accounting Unit (2 Marks)

b. As a staff in the Auditor-General’s office, outline SIX procedures for the audit of revenue collected on behalf of the government. (6 Marks)

c. i. Distinguish between Regulatory Audit and Financial Audit. (2 Marks)
ii. State SIX documents an auditor of a Public Sector Organisation may require in conducting a Compliance Audit. (3 Marks)
(Total 15 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SB – Q2 – Audit of Accounting Estimates and Fair Value Measurements (IAS 36, IFRS 13)

This question discusses the audit steps required to assess the true position of a loan portfolio and the provision for doubtful debts.

Your firm, Alheri & Co, has been appointed to carry out an audit assignment on Barders Bank Limited. The Bank’s year ended 30 September 2010. In the process of carrying out this assignment, it was discovered that no provision was made for doubtful debts. Total loans and advances of N50 billion consisting of 200 customers were found to be at various stages of performance except a N1 billion term loan granted to a Director’s relation’s company on 31 December 2009 to be repaid in N100 million monthly equal instalments commencing from 31 January 2010. Interest was simply agreed at N100,000 per month.

As at the time of this audit, no repayment had been made on this loan.

Required:
a. What audit steps should be taken to ascertain the true position of the loan portfolio? (5 Marks)
b. State the basis and determine the provision that should be made on the loan portfolio. (10 Marks)
(Total 15 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SB – Q1 – Ethical Issues in Auditing

This case examines ethical issues in auditing related to fraudulent practices in a company involved in human trafficking.

You have just been appointed the Auditor of Sheerahmog Manufacturing Company Limited, which manufactures 2.0 ml syringes specifically used by veterinary doctors. Recently, it was discovered that the 2.0 ml syringes are used on human beings due to the shortage of syringes for human use.

The Federal Government has decided to phase out the 2.0ml syringe in the next three years. In order to diversify into production of carbonated water, the Finance Director suggested that the company approach a bank for a complementary N1.26 billion required to finance the diversification program.

In spite of their proposal and cashflow to Bank of Akowonjo Plc, which was described as being fantastic, their loan application was not granted. As a result, the company is likely to go into liquidation with its numerous staff disengaged, if viable alternative is not provided to raise the required fund.

In carrying out the analysis of the sources of funds at the end of the year under review, you found that the company made much money from human trafficking to enable it accomplish the proposed plan of diversification.

At the next meeting with management of the company, you brought your findings to their knowledge and threatened to disclose it as an extraordinary item in the income schedule. Management frowned at it and were considering reviewing your appointment including fee which is currently 52% of your annual income.

Required:
a. Identify the ethical issues involved as they relate to the auditor. (2 Marks)
b. What are the THREE elements of fraudulent practices presented in this case? (6 Marks)
c. What are the safeguards for the ethical issues identified? (4 Marks)
d. List the issues that should be brought to the attention of the company by the auditors as regards the disclosure of the illegal act. (3 Marks)
(Total 15 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – AII – Q20 – Advanced Audit Planning and Strategy

Identifies an essential element of the audit process that reduces time and cost.

Audit …………….. is essential in every audit process as this reduces audit time and invariably the cost.

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – AII – Q19 – Auditor’s Legal Liability

Identifies the conditions under which auditors can have a lien on the client's books and records.

For the auditors to have a right of lien on the books and records of the client, they must have obtained ………… by …………… means.

 

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – AII – Q18 – Risk Management in Audits

Identifies the corporate factor that has increased the risk exposure of auditors over the last decade.

The rate of corporate ………… in the last ten years has tended to increase the risk exposure of the auditor.

 

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – AII – Q17 – Quality Control in Audit Firms

Identifies the requirement for documenting and communicating quality control policies in audit firms.

Audit firms are required to ensure that their quality control policies and procedures are documented and ……………… to the firm’s personnel.

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