- 20 Marks
FA – L1 – Q96 – Preparation of accounts from incomplete records
Question
Kofi is in business but does not keep proper books of account. In order to prepare his income and expenditure account for the year ended 31 December 20X9 you are given the following information.
| | 1 Jan 20X9 | 31 Dec 20X9 | | | GH¢000 | GH¢000 | | Inventory on hand | 1,310 | 1,623 | | Receivables | 268 | 412 | | Payables for goods | 712 | 914 | | Payables for expenses | 116 | 103 |
In addition you are able to prepare the following summary of his cash and bank transactions for the year.
| Cash account | | | | | — | GH¢000 | — | GH¢000 | | Balance 1 January | 62 | Payments into bank | 3,050 | | Shop takings | 4,317 | Purchases | 316 | | Cheques cashed | 200 | Expenses | 584 | | | | Drawings | 600 | | | | Balance 31 December | 29 | | | 4,579 | | 4,579 |
| Bank account | | | | GH¢000 | | Balance 1 January | 840 | Cash withdrawn | 200 | | Cheques from customers | 1,416 | Purchases | 2,715 | | Cash paid in | 3,050 | Expenses | 519 | | | | Drawings | 400 | | | | Delivery van (purchased 1 September) | 900 | | | | Balance 31 December | 572 | | | 5,306 | | 5,306 |
In addition Kofi says that he had taken goods for personal consumption and estimates that those goods cost GH¢100,000.
In considering accounts receivable Kofi suggests that a provision is to be made of 5% of amounts due after writing off a specific irrecoverable debt of GH¢30,000.
Depreciation on the delivery van is to be recognised at 20% per annum.
Required:
Prepare the statement of profit or loss and a statement of financial position at 31 December 20X9.
Answer
Statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 20X9
| GH¢000 | GH¢000 | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue (W2) | 5,877 | |
| Opening inventory | 1,310 | |
| Add Purchases (W3) | 3,133 | |
| 4,443 | ||
| Less Closing inventory | (1,623) | |
| (2,820) | ||
| Gross profit | 3,057 | |
| Expenses (W4) | 1,090 | |
| Irrecoverable debts (W6) | 49 | |
| Depreciation (W7) | 60 | |
| (1,199) | ||
| Net profit | 1,858 |
Statement of financial position at 31 December 20X9
| GH¢000 | GH¢000 | GH¢000 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current assets | |||
| Delivery van (900 – 60) | 840 | ||
| Current assets | |||
| Inventory | 1,623 | ||
| Receivables (412 – 30 – 19) | 363 | ||
| Cash | 29 | ||
| Bank | 572 | ||
| 2,587 | |||
| Total assets | 3,427 | ||
| Capital account | |||
| At 1 January 20X9 (W1) | 1,652 | ||
| Add Profit for year | 1,858 | ||
| 3,510 | |||
| Less Drawings (W5) | (1,100) | ||
| 2,410 | |||
| Current liabilities | |||
| Trade payables | 914 | ||
| Accrued expenses | 103 | ||
| 1,017 | |||
| Total capital and liabilities | 3,427 |
Workings
(1) Opening statement of affairs
| GH¢000 | |
|---|---|
| Inventory | 1,310 |
| Receivables | 268 |
| Cash | 62 |
| Bank | 840 |
| 2,480 | |
| Less Payables (712 + 116) | (828) |
| Capital at 1 January 20X9 | 1,652 |
(2) Total sales (receivables) a/c
| GH¢000 | GH¢000 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Balance b/d | 268 | Cash | 1,416 |
| Sales (bal fig) | 5,877 | Irrecoverable debt | 30 |
| Balance c/d | 412 | ||
| 6,145 | 6,145 |
(3) Total purchases (payables for goods) a/c
| GH¢000 | GH¢000 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cash (316 + 2,715) | 3,031 | Balance b/d | 712 |
| Goods for own use | 100 | Purchases (bal fig) | 3,133 |
| Balance c/d | 914 | ||
| 4,045 | 4,045 |
(4) Expenses (payables for expenses) a/c
| GH¢000 | GH¢000 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cash (584 + 519) | 1,103 | Balance b/d | 116 |
| Balance c/d | 103 | Expenses (bal fig) | 1,090 |
| 1,206 | 1,206 |
(5) Drawings
| GH¢000 | |
|---|---|
| Cash | 600 |
| Bank | 400 |
| Goods | 100 |
| Total drawings | 1,100 |
(6) Irrecoverable debts
| GH¢000 | |
|---|---|
| Irrecoverable debt written off | 30 |
| Provision for doubtful debts (5% × (412 – 30)) | 19 |
| Total | 49 |
(7) Depreciation
20% × 900,000 × 4/12 = GH¢60,000
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