- 15 Marks
FA – L1 – Q22 – Non-current assets and depreciation
Question
Patowato Motors Limited leases second-hand German sports cars for special occasions. It started business on 1 January 20X6 and has decided to depreciate the cars on a straight line basis at 25% per annum on cost at the year-end. During the years 20X6 to 20X9 the following purchases and sales of cars took place.
20X6 Acquired 20 Porsche 928 Turbos at a cost of GH₵18.6 million each
20X7 Purchased 6 Porsche vehicles for a total cost of GH₵108.6 million.
20X8 Traded-in two of the cars acquired in 20X6 and received an allowance of GH₵9 million each which was set against the purchase of a further two cars costing GH₵19.8 million each
20X9 Replaced 15 cars purchased in 20X6 with another 15, each of which cost GH₵21 million. A trade-in allowance totalling GH₵48 million was received
Patowato Motors Limited prepares accounts to 31 December each year.
The finance director of Patowato Motors Limited, who is a qualified accountant, intends to apply the revaluation model to those of the company’s sports cars that appreciate in value. He intends to recognise revaluation increases in profit or loss and has told colleagues that this will boost the directors’ bonuses.
Required
(a) Prepare a vehicle account, an accumulated depreciation account, a depreciation account and a disposals account for the years 20X6 to 20X9.
(b) Explain why the finance director’s suggestion to revalue some vehicles is unethical
Answer
(a) Vehicle account
| 20X6 | GH₵000 | 20X6 | GH₵000 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cash | 372,000 | Balance c/d | 372,000 |
| 20X7 | 20X7 | ||
| Balance b/d | 372,000 | Balance c/d | 480,600 |
| Cash | 108,600 | ||
| 480,600 | 480,600 | ||
| 20X8 | 20X8 | ||
| Balance b/d | 480,600 | Disposals | 37,200 |
| Disposals (allowance) | 18,000 | Balance c/d | 483,000 |
| Cash (bal fig) | 21,600 | ||
| 520,200 | 520,200 | ||
| 20X9 | 20X9 | ||
| Balance b/d | 483,000 | Disposals | 279,000 |
| Disposals (allowance) | 48,000 | Balance c/d | 519,000 |
| Cash (bal fig) | 267,000 | ||
| 798,000 | 798,000 | ||
| 20X0 | |||
| Balance b/d | 519,000 |
Accumulated depreciation account
| 20X6 | GH₵000 | 20X6 | GH₵000 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Balance c/d | 93,000 | Depreciation | 93,000 |
| 20X7 | 20X7 | ||
| Balance c/d | 213,150 | Balance b/d | 93,000 |
| Depreciation | 120,150 | ||
| 213,150 | 213,150 | ||
| 20X8 | 20X8 | ||
| Disposals | 18,600 | Balance b/d | 213,150 |
| Balance c/d | 324,600 | Depreciation | 130,050 |
| 343,200 | 343,200 | ||
| 20X9 | 20X9 | ||
| Disposals | 209,250 | Balance b/d | 324,600 |
| Balance c/d | 324,150 | Depreciation | 208,800 |
| 533,400 | 533,400 |
Depreciation account
| 20X6 | GH₵000 | 20X6 | GH₵000 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accumulated depreciation | 93,000 | S of P or L | 93,000 |
| 20X7 | 20X7 | ||
| Accumulated depreciation | 120,150 | S of P or L | 120,150 |
| 20X8 | 20X8 | ||
| Accumulated depreciation | 130,050 | S of P or L | 130,050 |
| 20X9 | 20X9 | ||
| Accumulated depreciation | 208,800 | S of P or L | 208,800 |
Disposals account
| 20X8 | GH₵000 | 20X8 | GH₵000 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vehicle a/c | 37,200 | Accumulated depreciation (W1) | 18,600 |
| Vehicle a/c (allowance against car) | 18,000 | ||
| Loss on disposal | 600 | ||
| 37,200 | 37,200 | ||
| 20X9 | 20X9 | ||
| Vehicle a/c | 279,000 | Accumulated depreciation (W2) | 209,250 |
| Vehicle a/c (allowance) | 48,000 | ||
| Loss on disposal | 21,750 | ||
| 279,000 | 279,000 |
Workings
(1) Depreciation on 20X8 disposals
2 years @ 25% × GH₵37.2 million = GH₵18.6 million
(2) Depreciation on 20X9 disposals
3 years @ 25% × GH₵279 million = GH₵209.25 million
Note: Detail of dates is not given so depreciation has been charged on year basis.
(b) A qualified accountant should comply with the fundamental principles of the IESBA Code of Ethics. The principal of professional competence and due care includes a requirement to act diligently and in accordance with professional standards.
IAS 16 provides the accounting requirements for the revaluation of property, plant and equipment, and it requires that a revaluation policy is applied to all assets within a class. The finance director should be aware that he cannot ‘cherry pick’ those assets that appreciate in value to revalue.
IAS 16 also requires that revaluation gains are recognised in other comprehensive income, not in profit. Again, the finance director should be aware of this.
It appears that the finance director is not acting with integrity or objectivity – he is not acting in an honest and straightforward way and he has put his personal wish to gain a bonus before his professional requirement to act in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards.
Working: Annual Depreciation Charges
| Year | Asset | Cost (GH₵000) | Calculation | 20X6 (GH₵000) | 20X7 (GH₵000) | 20X8 (GH₵000) | 20X9 (GH₵000) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20X6 | Porsche 928 | 372,000 | (372,000 × 25%) | 93,000 | 93,000 | 93,000 | 93,000 |
| 20X7 | Porsche vehicles | 108,600 | (108,600 × 25%) | 27,150 | 27,150 | 27,150 | |
| 20X8 | Two Cars | 39,600 | (39,600 × 25%) | 9,900 | 9,900 | ||
| 20X9 | 15 Cars | 315,000 | (315,000 × 25%) | 78,750 | |||
| 93,000 | 120,150 | 130,050 | 208,800 |
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