Series: NOV 2015

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q7 – Corporate Strategy Formulation

Analyzes reasons for slow growth in DAB phone sales, uses the S-shaped growth curve to evaluate market stages, and suggests sales improvement strategies.

Ade John is a graduate of XYZ University. For his final project work in the Department of
Electronics and Electrical Engineering, he designed a cell-phone that is rugged, cheap,
handy and not sophisticated.
During his national service year, he kept toying with the idea of manufacturing the cellphone. To ascertain that there is a market for the phone, he carried out a series of market surveys among rural farmers, artisans, market women, etc. Each time, he was convinced that a market actually exists for his design. He also made contact with some manufacturers of cell-phone components. He entered
into an agreement with CKT Japan to import cell-phone accessories to enable him
assemble them in Nigeria. DAB phone is the first of its kind in the Nigerian market and
production and assembly commenced in a small room in his uncle‟s house at Ikare.
The first batch of phones manufactured by DAB Company was supplied to cell-phone
vendors in cities on „sale or return‟ basis. To encourage distributors to accept the
phones, a 15% margin was allowed. In addition, independent sales persons (hawkers)
were given between 10 -12% margin to sell the product. In spite of the low price of DAB
phones, demand was disappointing at the end of the first year. Nevertheless, Ade John is
still optimistic about the commercial viability of the phone if only he could develop an
effective strategy to market the DAB phones

Required:
a. Identify and explain TWO reasons for the slow growth of sales of DAB phones. (4 Marks)
b. With the aid of an S-shaped growth curve, evaluate market development of DAB phones. (6 Marks)
c. Recommend the strategies that Ade John can use to improve sales. (5 Marks)

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q6 – Corporate Governance

Evaluates how specific corporate governance issues impact the effectiveness of a company's governance.

Explain briefly how the following key issues in corporate governance establish how well or badly a company is governed:

a. The role and responsibilities of the board of directors
b. The composition and balance of the board of directors
c. Financial reporting, narrative reporting, and auditing
d. Directors’ remuneration
e. Risk management and internal control

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q5 – Corporate Governance

Outlines key responsibilities and duties of the board in corporate governance, relevant for improving corporate structure and performance.

The owner of ABC Company learned from a conference and a professional magazine that weak corporate governance accounted for recent corporate failures in Nigeria. Many board members were found lacking a clear understanding of board responsibilities and duties.

Required:
The Managing Director will soon address the board and has requested a paper detailing the board’s responsibilities and duties.

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q4 – Risk Management and Corporate Strategy

Analyzes strengths and weaknesses of Toyin Trust Insurance Plc pre- and post-2000 ownership changes, and suggests strategies for sustaining the company.

Toyin Trust Insurance Company is one of the duly registered insurance companies in Nigeria. Ten years after it started operations in 1990, the company had become a household name in the market. Its strengths included timely payment of claims and introduction of quality products that captured changing customers’ needs.

At inception, the company was 100% foreign-owned, with five of the seven directors being experienced expatriate insurance practitioners. However, by 2000, over 90% of the equity had been transferred to Nigerian investors. In 2009, following reorganization, many experienced senior managers resigned, and inexperienced staff took over key positions, leading to a decline in service quality and a 40% drop in premium collection.

Required:

a. Analyze the strengths of Toyin Trust Insurance Plc before 2000. (5 Marks)
b. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of Toyin Trust Insurance Plc after 2000. (5 Marks)
c. Suggest essential strategies to sustain Toyin Trust Insurance Plc. (10 Marks)

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q3 – Ethics in Business

Describes the nature of business and professional ethics, Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, and criticisms of the theory.

Kalu, a competent consultant and accountant, works in Bosun and Company Limited. The company realized that almost all of its newly employed entry-level staff are deficient in business and professional ethics. Consequently, the Human Resources Manager recommended to the CEO that a training program on business and professional ethics should be organized. Kalu is nominated as a resource person to speak at the training program.

Required:
a. How should Kalu explain the nature and importance of business ethics and professional ethics? (6 Marks)
b. Advise Kalu on how he should analyze Kohlberg’s theory of moral development in an attempt to explain to the trainee participants how people generally develop a sense of morality both in personal and professional life. (10 Marks)
c. Discuss any TWO of the criticisms of Kohlberg’s theory. (4 Marks)

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q2 – Risk Management and Corporate Strategy

Develops a risk management program for theft, diversion, and safety issues; includes risk reduction and financing techniques.

Dolly Homes Plc is a real estate firm based in Abuja. The firm builds residential apartments and office blocks in five states of the federation. The objective of Dolly Homes Plc is to deliver high-quality, aesthetically designed, and professionally built homes/offices to its customers at competitive prices. It employs several skilled and casual workers, construction supervisors, construction engineers, architects, and quantity surveyors.

The company maintains a store at each of its building sites, each manned by a storekeeper and an assistant. Building materials are purchased centrally and delivered to sites per material schedules prepared by the quantity surveyor.

Patronage from middle and high-income brackets has been impressive; however, recently, the company has been receiving complaints about poor quality. The most alarming complaint involved a legal threat for injuries sustained when a kitchen cabinet collapsed in a client’s home.

Management’s investigation revealed theft of materials, diversion, and re-work waste due to poor finishing. There were also job site accidents, leading to employee injuries, lost hours, and increased medical claims.

Management decided to establish a risk management program to address theft, diversion, and health/safety issues.

Required:
a. As an Accountant, develop a risk management program to address Dolly Homes Plc’s problems. (8 Marks)
b. Advise management on techniques to reduce the frequency of risk exposures in the future. (6 Marks)
c. Suggest risk financing techniques to protect the company’s staff from injuries and accidents. (6 Marks)

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q1c – Corporate Governance

Discusses the difference between rules-based and principles-based professional ethics in accountancy.

What is the main difference between a rules-based and a principles-based code of professional ethics for accountants?

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q1b – Risk Management and Corporate Strategy

Discusses various methods for managing and controlling risks in an organization, illustrating different risk management techniques.

There are different methods of managing and controlling risks. Explain and illustrate any THREE of the following approaches to risk management:
i. Risk Diversification
ii. Risk Transfer
iii. Risk Sharing
iv. Risk Hedging (15 Marks)

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CSME – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q1a – Risk Management and Corporate Strategy

Explains credit risk management concepts, including exposure, losses, residual risk, and appetite.

The finance director of Basket Company is preparing a proposal to present to the board of directors. He believes that the company is much too cautious in its policy of giving credit to customers. At the moment all customers are given 30 days’ credit. He believes that by increasing its exposure to credit risk, and increasing credit terms to 60 days, the company will achieve an increase in annual sales of up to 20%. He also thinks that some improvements in debt collection procedures will reduce the level of bad debts, although some bad debts cannot be avoided. He thinks that the value of sales where there is a default will fall each year from 2% of sales to 1.8% of sales. He proposes that in order to increase annual sales and profits, the company should be willing to increase its risk appetite and accept the risk of higher bad debts.

Required:

  1. Using this example of managing credit risk, explain and illustrate the meaning of:
    i. Exposure to risk
    ii. Risk of losses
    iii. Residual risk
    iv. Risk appetite

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PSAF – Nov 2015 – L2 – Q7 – Public Sector Reforms

Distinguish between basic infrastructure and development projects with examples and identify funding sources and characteristics.

In order to achieve some development objectives, nations place emphasis on priority programmes like the provision of basic infrastructure and development projects, all of which require appropriate funding.

Required:

a. By means of specific relevant examples, distinguish between “basic infrastructure” and “development projects”. (3 Marks)

b. Discuss TWO development objectives which the priority programmes you refer to in (a) above are planned to achieve. (4 Marks)

c. Identify TWO sources of funding for these priority projects stating TWO distinct characteristics of each source identified and TWO factors that facilitate the commercial viability of the projects. (8 Marks)

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q19 – Company Law

Definition of insurable interest in insurance law.

A person is said to have insurable interest in an insured person, thing, or event when
A. He is related by affinity to the insured
B. The insured is the property of the person
C. The insured is a chattel
D. He stands to gain or profit in his/its preservation and to suffer loss or damage in his/its destruction
E. The insured could go into extinction by usage

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q18 – Hire Purchase and Consumer Credit Transactions

Identifying duties not required of a hirer in a Hire Purchase contract.

In Hire Purchase contract, the duties of the hirer include the following EXCEPT
A. Acceptance of delivery
B. Duty of care of the goods
C. Payment of instalment
D. Duty to buy the goods
E. Duty not to sell the goods

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q17 – Sale of Goods

Identifying non-implied conditions in Sales of Goods transactions.

Which of the following is NOT an implied condition or warranty in Sales of Goods transactions?
A. Title
B. Time
C. Sale by sample
D. Customs and traditional usage
E. Fitness of purpose

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q16 – Law of Tort

Essential elements that establish vicarious liability.

Which of the following is NOT an essential element of vicarious liability?
A. A master and servant relationship
B. The servant may be under a contract of service or contract for service
C. The act must be a tortuous act and not an offence
D. The servant must have committed the tort in furtherance of the interest of the master
E. The servant must have committed the tort in the course of performing an official duty

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q15 – Agency Law

Breach of duty when an agent makes secret profits.

An agent that makes secret profits has breached his duty of
A. Secrecy
B. Good faith
C. Obedience
D. Assignment
E. Performance

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q14 – Law of Contract

Legal remedy requiring a party to fulfill a contractual promise.

The remedy for a breach of contract which requires the defendant to perform a promise he made under the agreement is
A. Damages
B. Quantum Meruit
C. Injunction
D. Specific performance
E. Recision

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q13 – The Nigerian Legal System

Law allowing transfer of legal title to negotiable instruments by delivery.

The law that allows the transfer of legal title to cheques, promissory notes etc by mere handing over or mere delivery is
A. Bills of Exchange Act
B. Banks and other Financial Institutions Act
C. Bills of Lading Act
D. Companies Income Tax Act
E. Central Bank of Nigeria Act

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q12 – Law Relating to Banking

Court jurisdiction for trying offences under the Money Laundering Act.

The court that has the exclusive jurisdiction to try offences under the Money Laundering (Prohibition) Act is the
A. State High Court
B. Magistrate Court
C. Federal High Court
D. Sharia Court of Appeal
E. Criminal Court

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q11 – Law of Tort

Essential elements required for the offence of bribery in law.

The offence of bribery in law requires ONE of the following
A. Intention
B. Intention and fact of bribery
C. Intention and subject matter
D. Act of bribery and place of bribery
E. Subject matter and place of bribery

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BL – Nov 2015 – L1 – SA – Q10 – Law of Tort

Identifying the law that deals with theft in Nigeria.

The law that deals with theft in Nigeria is
A. Law of tort
B. Law of contracts
C. Law of stealing
D. Criminal law
E. Sale of Goods Act

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