Question Tag: Consolidation

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  • 5 Marks

CR – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q4b – Consolidation and Financial Reporting

Discuss the appropriate reporting figures a parent company should include in its consolidated financial statements when its subsidiaries have different reporting dates.

A parent company has a year-end of 31 December 2023. One of its subsidiaries has a year-end of 30 June 2023, and another has a year-end of 30 September 2023.

Required:
What figures should the parent include in its consolidated financial statements in respect of these subsidiaries?

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q1b – Group Audit Risks and Consolidation Issues

Audit risks and procedures for a multinational group audit engagement.

You are a Senior Auditor at Dromo Audit Firm, assigned to audit a new client, Afroherb Pharma LTD, a multinational pharmaceutical company. During the initial stages of engagement planning, you discovered that Afroherb Pharma LTD operates in multiple jurisdictions, including Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and The Gambia. The parent company is in Ghana, and the companies in the other jurisdictions are all subsidiaries. All these jurisdictions have significant regulatory requirements and operational difficulties. The company has recently expanded its product line to include vaccine production following the introduction of The Vaccine Centre in Ghana. The production of vaccines is also subject to stringent regulatory reviews.

Required:
i) State FOUR audit procedures you could perform in relation to the consolidation of the financial statements of Afroherb Group. 
ii) Identify TWO specific risks associated with auditing Afroherb Pharma LTD, particularly in relation to its expansion into vaccine products. How should these risks be managed?
iii) State TWO problems associated with the planning of group audits

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  • 30 Marks

CR – May 2015 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Prepare a consolidated statement of financial position for Barewa Group as of 31 May 2013, considering acquisitions and adjustments.

Barewa Plc has two subsidiary companies and one associate. Since the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) by companies listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange, Barewa has been preparing its consolidated financial statements in accordance with the provisions of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs).

The draft Statements of Financial Position of Barewa and its two subsidiaries as at 31 May, 2013 are as follows:

Assets Barewa (N’m) Megida (N’m) Mindara (N’m)
Non-current assets
Plant 2,650 2,300 1,610
Investments – Megida 3,000
Investments – Mindara 1,280
Associate (Calamari) 200
Available for sale 510 60 50
Total Non-current assets 7,640 2,360 1,660
Current assets
Inventory 1,350 550 730
Trade receivables 910 450 320
Cash and cash equivalent 1,020 1,000 80
Total Current assets 3,280 2,000 1,130
Total Assets 10,920 4,360 2,790
Equity and Liabilities
Share capital 5,200 2,200 1,000
Retained earnings 2,400 1,500 800
Other components of equity 120 40 70
Total equity 7,720 3,740 1,870
Non-current liabilities
Long-term loans 1,200 150 50
Deferred tax 250 90 30
Total non-current liabilities 1,450 240 80
Current liabilities
Trade payables 1,150 300 600
Current tax payables 600 80 240
Total current liabilities 1,750 380 840
Total Equity and Liabilities 10,920 4,360 2,790

The following information is relevant to the preparation of the group financial statements:

  • Acquisition of Megida Plc
    • Date of Acquisition: 1 June 2012
    • Barewa acquired 80% of the equity interest in Megida Plc.
    • At the date of acquisition, Megida’s retained earnings were N1.36 billion, and other components of equity amounted to N40 million.
    • There had been no new issuance of share capital by Megida since the acquisition date.
    • The consideration for the acquisition was N3 billion in cash.
    • The fair value of Megida’s identifiable net assets at acquisition was N4 billion, with the excess attributed to an increase in the value of non-depreciable land.
    • An independent valuation determined that the fair value of the non-controlling interest (NCI) in Megida on 1 June 2012 was N860 million.
    • Barewa’s policy is to measure NCI based on their proportionate share in the identifiable net assets of the subsidiary, not at fair value (full goodwill method).
  • Acquisition of Mindara Plc
    • Date of Acquisition: 1 June 2012
    • Barewa acquired 70% of the ordinary shares of Mindara Plc.
    • The consideration for the acquisition included:
      • An upfront payment of N1.28 billion.
      • A contingent consideration requiring Barewa to pay the former shareholders 30% of Mindara’s profits on 31 May 2014 for each of the financial years ending 31 May 2013 and 31 May 2014. This arrangement was valued at N120 million as of 1 June 2012 and remains unchanged. It has not been included in the financial statements.
    • The fair value of the identifiable net assets at acquisition was N1.76 billion. This included retained earnings of N550 million and other components of equity of N70 million.
    • There had been no new issuance of share capital by Mindara since the acquisition date.
    • The excess fair value of the net assets was due to an increase in property, plant, and equipment (PPE), which is depreciated on a straight-line basis over seven years.
    • The fair value of the non-controlling interest (NCI) in Mindara was N530 million on the acquisition date.
  • Investment in Calamari Plc
    • On 1 June 2011, Barewa acquired a 10% interest in Calamari Plc for N80 million. This was classified as an available-for-sale investment.
    • As of 31 May 2012, the value of this investment had increased to N90 million.
    • On 1 June 2012, Barewa acquired an additional 15% interest in Calamari for N110 million, achieving significant influence.
    • Calamari recorded profits after dividends of N60 million and N100 million for the financial years ending 31 May 2012 and 31 May 2013, respectively.
  • Equity Instrument Purchase
    • On 1 June 2012, Barewa purchased an equity instrument valued at 100 million pesos, classified as available-for-sale.
    • Relevant exchange rates:
      • 31 May 2012: N5.1 to 1 peso.
      • 31 May 2013: N5.0 to 1 peso.
    • The fair value of the instrument as of 31 May 2013 was 90 million pesos, reflecting an impairment that Barewa has not recorded.
  • Loan to a Director
    • A loan of N10 million to a director has been included in cash and cash equivalents.
    • The loan is repayable on demand with no specific repayment date.
    • The directors believe that this treatment complies with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as no IFRS explicitly prohibits showing the loan as cash.
  • Goodwill Impairment
    • There is no impairment of goodwill arising from the acquisitions.

Required

Prepare a consolidated statement of financial position for Barewa Group as of 31 May 2013.

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2017 – L3 – Q6 – Group Audits

Draft a memorandum describing challenges, procedures, and instructions for a group audit engagement involving subsidiaries and associates in different countries.

You are an Audit Senior in ABC firm of Chartered Accountants, a Pan-African audit firm. You just resumed from your examination leave and received the following email from Mrs. Chidi, an Audit Manager in your firm.

Dear Audu,

Welcome back from leave and best of luck in your examination.
We have just been appointed as financial statements auditors to Gbogbonise Plc., a conglomerate having its head office in Lagos. Our preliminary discussion with the group Chief Financial Officer (CFO) indicates that the company has five subsidiaries and two associates. One of the subsidiaries is incorporated and operates in Ghana while one of the associates is incorporated and operates in The Gambia. The other members of the group are incorporated and operate in Nigeria. The group operations cover automobiles, agriculture, and manufacturing.
We will be meeting with the audit committee in three weeks to present our audit plan and strategy for the assignment.

Required:

a. Challenges that may be encountered in this engagement. (5 Marks)

b. General procedures that may be performed on significant and non-significant components. (3 Marks)

c. Salient items to be included in the group audit instructions. (3 Marks)

d. Procedures to be performed relating to the consolidation of the group. (4 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

CR – May 2017 – L3 – Q1 – Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation (IAS 21)

Assess functional currency and prepare a consolidated statement of financial position under IFRS.

Rapuya Plc. is a Nigerian public limited company operating in the mining industry. The draft Statements of Financial Position of Rapuya Plc., and its two subsidiaries, Puta Limited and Soma Limited as at April 30, 2017, are as follows:

The following information is relevant to the preparation of the group financial statements:

(i) On May 1, 2016, Rapuya acquired 52% of the ordinary shares of Soma Limited, a foreign subsidiary. The retained earnings of Soma Limited on this date were 220 million defas. The fair value of the identifiable net assets of Soma Limited on May 1, 2016, was 990 million defas. The excess of the fair value over the net assets of Soma Limited is due to an increase in the value of non-depreciable land.

Rapuya Plc. wishes to use the ‘full goodwill’ method to consolidate the financial statements of Soma. The fair value of the non-controlling interest in Soma Limited at May 1, 2016, was 500 million defas.

Soma Limited is located in Tome, a small country in West Africa, and operates a mine. The income of Soma Limited is denominated and settled in defas. The output of the mine is routinely traded in defas, and its price is determined initially by local supply and demand. Soma Limited pays 30% of its costs and expenses in naira, with the remainder being incurred locally and settled in defas. Soma’s management has a considerable degree of authority and autonomy in carrying out the operations of Soma Limited and is not dependent upon group companies for financial support. The Finance Controller is not certain from the above whether the defas or naira should be taken as the functional currency of Soma Limited.

There have been no issues of ordinary shares and no impairment of goodwill since acquisition.

(ii) Also on May 1, 2016, Rapuya Plc. had acquired 70% of the equity interests of Puta Limited. The purchase consideration amounted to N226 million, which Rapuya Plc. paid through bank transfer in compliance with the cashless policy of the Federal Government of Nigeria. The fair value of the identifiable net assets recognized by Puta Limited was N240 million, excluding the patent below. The identifiable net assets of Puta Limited at May 1, 2016, included a brand with a fair value of N8 million. This had not been recognized in the financial statements of Puta Limited. The brand is estimated to have a useful life of four years. The retained earnings of Puta Limited were N98 million, and other components of equity were N6 million at the date of acquisition. The remaining excess of the fair value of the net assets is due to an increase in the value of non-depreciable land.

Rapuya Plc. wishes to use the ‘full goodwill’ method in consolidating the financial statements of this subsidiary. The fair value of the non-controlling interest in Puta Limited was N92 million on May 1, 2016. There have been no issues of ordinary shares since acquisition, and goodwill on acquisition is not impaired.

(iii) The following exchange rates are relevant for the preparation of the group financial statements:

Defas to Naira Exchange Rate
May 1, 2016 3:1
April 30, 2017 2.5:1
Average for year to April 30, 2017 2.9:1

Required:

(a) Advise the Finance Controller on what currency should be taken as the functional currency of Soma Limited, applying the principles set out in IAS 21 – The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates. (5 Marks)

(b) Prepare a consolidated statement of financial position of the Rapuya Group as at April 30, 2017, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). (Show all workings) (25 Marks)

(Total: 30 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

CR – Nov 2016 – L3 – SA – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Prepare a Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for Bata Plc and subsidiaries; explain IAS 21 principles for translating foreign subsidiaries.

a. Bata Plc, which operates in the manufacturing sector, has been surviving the challenges operating in the Nigerian economic environment. The draft Statements of Financial Position of Bata Plc and its subsidiaries as at October 31, 2016, are as follows:

Bata N’million Jewe N’million Gaba N’million
Non-current assets Property, plant, and equipment 4,320 360 420
Investments in subsidiaries 1,110 600 –
Financial assets 500 – –
Total Non-current assets 5,930 960 420
Current assets 1,050 570 540
Total assets 6,980 1,530 960
Equity Share capital – N1 ordinary shares 2,400 600 300
Retained earnings 3,410 540 390
Other components of equity 450 – –
Total equity 6,260 1,140 690
Current liabilities 720 390 270
Total liabilities and equity 6,980 1,530 960

Additional Information:

  1. Acquisition of Subsidiaries:
    • Bata Plc acquired 60% of the share capital of Jewe Plc on November 1, 2012, and 10% of Gaba Plc on November 1, 2013. The costs of the combinations were N852 million and N258 million, respectively.
    • Jewe Plc acquired 70% of the share capital of Gaba Plc on November 1, 2013.
  2. Retained Earnings Balances:
Date Jewe Plc (N’million) Gaba Plc (N’million)
November 1, 2012 270 –
November 1, 2013 360 240
  1. Fair Value Adjustments:
    • At acquisition dates, the fair value of the net assets was N930 million for Jewe Plc and N660 million for Gaba Plc. The difference in the fair value and book value relates to non-depreciable land.
    • The fair value of non-controlling interest (NCI) was N390 million for Jewe Plc and N330 million for Gaba Plc. Bata Plc adopts the full goodwill method under IFRS 3 to account for NCI.
  2. Impairment Testing:
    • Jewe Plc suffered an impairment loss of N60 million.
    • Gaba Plc did not suffer any impairment loss.
  3. Intra-group Inventory Sales:
    • During the year ended October 31, 2016, Bata Plc sold inventory to Jewe Plc and Gaba Plc.
    • The invoiced prices of the inventories were N480 million and N360 million, respectively.
    • Bata Plc invoices goods to achieve a markup of 25% on cost to all third parties, including group companies.
    • At the year-end, half of the inventory sold to Jewe Plc remained unsold, but the entire inventory sold to Gaba Plc had been sold to third parties.
  4. Financial Asset:
    • Bata Plc purchased a deep discount bond for N500 million on November 1, 2015.
    • The bonds will be redeemed in 3 years for N740.75 million and are carried at amortized cost in line with IAS 39.
    • The Accountant has not passed the correct entries to reflect amortized cost valuation at year-end, and the financial asset is shown at N500 million.

Compound sum of N1: (1 + r)^n

Year 12% 14%
1 1.1200 1.1400
2 1.2544 1.2996
3 1.4049 1.4815
4 1.5735 1.6890

Required:

  1. Prepare a Consolidated Statement of Financial Position for Bata Plc and its subsidiaries as at October 31, 2016.       (25 Marks)
  2. Explain to the directors of Bata Plc how the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of a foreign subsidiary, including the resulting goodwill, are translated for consolidation purposes under IAS 21. (5 Marks)

(Total: 30 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

AAA – Nov 2014 – L3 – SA – Q1 – Group Audits

Identify business risks, audit planning effects, and implications of acquisitions for the consolidated financial statements audit of Wasp Ltd.

You are an audit manager in Ruby & Co, a firm of Chartered Accountants. One of your audit clients, Wasp Ltd., provides satellite broadcasting services in a rapidly growing market.

In February 2014, Wasp Ltd. purchased Xstatic Ltd., a competitor group of companies. Significant revenue, cost, and capital expenditure synergies are expected as the operations of Wasp Ltd. and Xstatic Ltd. are being combined into one group of companies.

The following financial and operating information consolidates the results of the enlarged Wasp Ltd. group:

Year-end 31 December 2014 (Budget) 2013 (Actual)
Revenue ₦6,827m ₦4,404m
Cost of Sales (₦3,109m) (₦1,991m)
Distribution Costs and Administrative Expenses (₦2,866m) (₦1,700m)
Research and Development Costs (₦25m) (₦22m)
Depreciation and Amortization (₦927m) (₦661m)
Interest Expense (₦266m) (₦202m)
Loss Before Tax (₦366m) (₦172m)
Number of Subscribers 14.9m 7.6m
Average Revenue Per Subscriber (ARPS) ₦437 ₦556

In November 2014, Wasp Ltd. purchased MTbox Ltd., a large cable communications provider in Gambia, where your firm has no representation. The financial statements of MTbox Ltd. for the year ending 31 December 2014 will continue to be audited by a local firm of Chartered Accountants. MTbox Ltd.’s activities have not been reflected in the above estimated results of the group.

Wasp Ltd. is committed to introducing its corporate image into Gambia.

In order to sustain growth, significant costs are expected to be incurred as operations are expanded, networks upgraded, and new products and services introduced.

Required:

a. Identify and describe the principal business risks for the Wasp group. (9 Marks)

b. Explain what effect the acquisitions will have on the planning of Ruby & Co’s audit of the budgeted consolidated financial statements of Wasp Ltd. group for the year ending 31 December 2014. (10 Marks)

c. Explain the role of a Letter of Comfort as evidence in the audit of financial statements. (6 Marks)

d. Discuss how non-consolidated entities under common control affect the scope of an audit and the audit work undertaken. (5 Marks)

(Total 30 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

CR – May 2019 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position for a group with a foreign subsidiary and inter-company transactions as at September 30, 2017.

Oyin Plc. a Nigerian company acquired 960 million equity share capital of Kemy Plc., a foreign subsidiary based in Brazil, on 1 October, 2015 for 1.08 billion Brazilian real (BRL). The functional and presentation currency of Kemy Plc. is the BRL. Since acquisition, Kemy Plc., has operated autonomously of Oyin group.

The statements of financial position of Oyin Plc. and Kemy Plc. as at 30 September, 2017 are as follows:

Additional Information:

  1. It is the policy of Oyin Plc. group to recognize non-controlling interest at acquisition at the proportionate share of the net assets. The retained earnings of Kemy Plc., at the date of acquisition were 390 million BRL.
  2. Kemy Plc. sells goods to Oyin Plc. at cost plus a mark-up of 33 1/3%. At 30 September, 2017, Oyin Plc. held N15 million of the goods. The goods were purchased at an exchange rate of N1 to 5 BRL. On 28 September, 2017, Oyin Plc. sent Kemy Plc., a payment for N15 million to clear the intra-group payables. Kemy received and recorded the cash on 2 October, 2017.
  3. On 1 October, 2016, Kemy Plc. purchased a leasehold building for 375 million BRL, taking out a loan note payable after five years to finance the purchase. The estimated useful life of the building on 1 October, 2016 was 25 years with no estimated residual value. The building is to be depreciated on a straight-line basis. The building was professionally revalued at 450 million BRL on 30 September, 2017 and the directors have included the revalued amount in the statement of financial position.Both companies adopt a policy of revaluation for their properties. There was no difference between the carrying amount and fair value of the property of Oyin Plc. at 30 September, 2017.
  4. Exchange Rates:
Date BRL to N1
1 October, 2015 6.0
30 September, 2015 5.5
30 September, 2017 5.0
Average for the year to 30 September, 2016 5.2

Required:
Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of Oyin group at 30 September, 2017.

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  • 25 Marks

CR – May 2021 – L3 – Q1a – Consolidated Financial Statements (IFRS 10)

Prepare a consolidated cash flow statement for Feedme Limited using the indirect method.

Feedme Limited
Feedme Limited is a company that has been in operations for over two decades producing “Trobomao,” a natural cocoa powder beverage. Five years ago, it acquired 100% interest in Butane Nigeria Limited and 75% interest in Shawama Supermarket Limited in 2019. Draft consolidated financial statements of Feedme Limited are provided below:

Draft Consolidated Statement of Financial Position (December 31, 2019):

Draft consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2019

Additional information:

i. There had been no acquisition or disposal of freehold buildings during the year.
ii. Information relating to the acquisition of Shawama Supermarket Limited is as follows:

iii. Loan notes were issued at a discount in 2019 and the carrying amount of the loan as at December 31, 2019 included N600,000 representing the finance cost attributable to the discount and allocated in respect of the current reporting period.

Required:
Prepare a consolidated statement of cash flows for Feedme Limited Group for the year ended December 31, 2019 in accordance with IAS 7 using indirect method.

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2022 – L3 – Q7 – Risk Management in Audits

Evaluate key risk areas for auditors in consolidating Nigerian and UK company accounts, considering transfer pricing and related party transactions.

BARCHI International Limited is a company with corporate registrations in both the United Kingdom (U.K.) and Nigeria. The Chairman of the company is based in Nigeria and from time to time travels to the U.K. to oversee the office there and order for the purchase of some of the articles for sale. To ensure steady supply of the products, some of the products are also ordered from China. The purchases from the U.K. are charged to the Nigerian entity in pound sterling, while the purchases from China are charged to the Nigerian company in American dollars.

In September 2020, the Chairman embarked on a trip to Dubai for two weeks where he spent part of his annual holiday. During this period, he hosted a couple of friends with the costs that were paid for by the company as the costs were above his approved annual holiday expenses. He subsequently traveled to the U.K. and was quarantined for two weeks due to COVID-19 before moving to the usual business lodge that he uses. Despite using that period to oversee the U.K. company, all the costs incurred were borne by the Nigerian company.

The products bought in the U.K. and sent to Nigeria were charged at cost plus 25%, while the Nigerian company was responsible for insurance and freight. The goods purchased from China were forwarded to Nigeria at the cost of landing in Nigeria plus 30%. The China-made products are less expensive and therefore give better profits despite the cost of the long-distance freight.

Money was transferred to the Chairman’s account for the company’s purchases in the U.K., the purchases made in China, and the Chairman’s personal expenses. An agent in China bought the goods which were paid for by the Chairman.

The U.K. company staff handled the documentation of all the transactions of the Chairman while there and transferred them to Nigeria subject to the approval of the Chairman.

Separate records were not maintained for the Chairman’s expenses in the U.K. However, his comparison of the results of the two units showed that for the immediate past financial year, the Nigerian company had performed sub-optimally and way below the targeted profit in relation to the U.K. company. The Chairman is very unhappy about this as he expects that his personal visit to the U.K. would reduce the purchasing and associated costs.

It is usual for the Chairman to account for the cost of purchases based on his personal expenses attributable to each purchase together with the actual cost of purchases. The U.K. component is elated about this costing method which favors it and would wish that this arrangement continues.

The two units prepare separate financial statements which are audited by separate accounting firms before the two financial statements are consolidated in Nigeria for the Chairman’s evaluation.

Required:

Evaluate, with appropriate justifications, from the scenario above, the areas of risk which the auditor needs to consider. (15 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

CR – Nov 2018 – L3 – Q3 – Business valuations

Identify valuation factors, determine share value using the net assets approach, and prepare the consolidated financial statement for GCC Bank Ltd after the takeover of Wunam Bank Ltd.

The shareholders of Wunam Bank (Ghana) Limited have decided to sell the company to GCC Bank (Ghana) Limited following their inability to recapitalize the company as demanded by the Bank of Ghana. The statement of financial positions of the two banks as at 31 March 2018 are given below.

Additional Information:

  1. Wunam Bank Ltd carries a huge non-performing loan portfolio. It is estimated that only 40% of the outstanding loans are recoverable.
  2. Investments represent 91-Day Treasury Bills held as secondary reserves. An audit has shown that the investments were overstated in 2017, as interest on investments for that year amounts to GH¢4.15 million.
  3. Other assets include long outstanding debits amounting to GH¢3.6 million, which are not represented by tangible assets.
  4. Deposits amounting to GH¢3.75 million could not be accounted for. This phenomenon has prevailed since 2014 but has not been provided for in the accounts.
  5. Property, Plant & Equipment includes an old banking software amounting to GH¢1.25 million, considered worthless. The remaining tangible fixed assets have been revalued at GH¢15.3 million.
  6. Cash and balances with other banks include GH¢2.4 million due from Sakara Rural Bank Ltd, which was liquidated in 2016.
  7. Other liabilities include interest earned on investments amounting to GH¢3.15 million.
  8. Goodwill was assessed at 2.5% of adjusted deposits and current accounts.
  9. Wunam Bank Ltd has invested in Government bonds worth GH¢12.6 million as at 31 March 2018 to fund new ATMs and branches.

Required: a) Identify FOUR (4) factors you would consider in determining the value to be placed on assets when using the net assets approach to valuation of Wunam Bank Ltd.
(4 marks)

b) Determine the value to be placed on the shares of Wunam Bank Ltd using the net assets approach to valuation.
(5 marks)

c) Prepare the statement of financial position of GCC Bank Ltd after the takeover using your answer in (b). Assume the following:

  • The purchase consideration was duly settled.
  • GCC Bank Ltd took over all assets and liabilities.
  • Goodwill was written off.

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  • 20 Marks

CR – Nov 2018 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated financial statements

Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position for Accra Ltd, considering acquisitions, goodwill, impairments, revaluation, and pension obligations.

Accra Ltd, a public limited liability company in Ghana, operates in the manufacturing sector.

Accra Ltd has investments in two other Ghanaian companies.

The draft statement of financial position as at 31 March 2018 are as follows:

Additional information:

i) On 1 April 2016, Accra Ltd acquired 14% of the equity interest of Takoradi Ltd for a cash consideration of GH¢130 million, and Bawku Ltd acquired 70% of the equity interest of Takoradi Ltd for a cash consideration of GH¢635 million. At 1 April 2016, the identifiable net assets of Takoradi Ltd had a fair value of GH¢495 million, retained earnings were GH¢95 million, and other components of equity were GH¢26 million. At 1 April 2017, the identifiable net assets of Takoradi Ltd had a fair value of GH¢575 million, retained earnings were GH¢120 million, and other components of equity were GH¢35 million. The excess in fair value is due to non-depreciable land. The fair value of the 14% holding of Accra Ltd in Takoradi Ltd, which was classified as fair value through profit or loss, was GH¢140 million at 31 March 2017 and GH¢155 million at 31 March 2018. However, the fair value of Bawku Ltd’s interest in Takoradi Ltd had not changed since acquisition.

ii) On 1 April 2017, Accra Ltd acquired 60% of the equity interests of Bawku Ltd, a public limited liability company in Ghana. The cost of investment comprised cash of GH¢625 million. On 1 April 2017, the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired was GH¢975 million, retained earnings of Bawku Ltd were GH¢325 million, and other components of equity were GH¢27.5 million. The excess in fair value is due to non-depreciable land. It is the group’s policy to measure the non-controlling interest at acquisition at its proportionate share of the fair value of the subsidiary’s net assets.

iii) Goodwill of Bawku Ltd and Takoradi Ltd were tested for impairment at 31 March 2018 and found that there was no impairment relating to Takoradi Ltd. However, the goodwill of Bawku Ltd was fully impaired by the reporting date.

iv) On 1 April 2016, Accra Ltd acquired office accommodation at a cost of GH¢45 million with a 30-year estimated useful life. During the year, the property market in the area slumped, and the fair value of accommodation fell to GH¢37.5 million at 31 March 2017, which was reflected in the financial statements. However, the market unexpectedly recovered quickly due to the announcement of major government investment in the area’s transport infrastructure. On 31 March 2018, the valuer advised Accra Ltd that the offices should now be valued at GH¢52.5 million. Accra Ltd has charged depreciation for the year but has not taken account of the upward valuation of the offices. Accra Ltd uses the revaluation model and records any valuation change when advised to do so.

v) Accra Ltd has announced two major restructuring plans during the year. The first plan is to reduce its capacity by the closure of some of its smaller factories, which have already been identified. This will lead to the redundancy of 500 employees, who have all individually been selected and communicated to. The costs of this plan are GH¢4.5 million in redundancy costs, GH¢2.5 million in retraining costs, and GH¢2.5 million in lease termination costs. The second plan is to re-organize the finance and information technology department over a one-year period but it does not commence until two years’ time. The plan will result in 20% of finance staff losing their jobs during the restructuring. The costs of this plan are GH¢5 million in redundancy costs, GH¢3 million in retraining costs, and GH¢3.5 million in equipment lease termination costs. There are no entries made in the financial statements for the above plans.

vi) The following information relates to the group pension plan of Accra Ltd:

1 April 2017 GH¢ million 31 March 2018 GH¢ million
Fair value of plan assets 14 14.5
Actuarial value of defined benefit obligation 15 17.5

The contributions for the period received by the fund were GH¢1 million, and the employee benefits paid in the year amounted to GH¢1.5 million. The discount rate to be used in any calculation is 5%. The current service cost for the period based on actuarial calculations is GH¢0.5 million. The above figures have not been taken into account for the year ended 31 March 2018 except for the contributions paid, which have been entered in cash and the defined benefit obligation.

Required:
Prepare the group consolidated statement of financial position of Accra Ltd as at 31 March 2018.
(Total: 20 marks)

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  • 10 Marks

CR – May 2016 – L3 – Q1a – Business Combinations and Consolidation

Discuss appropriate treatment of various investments in consolidated financial statements, including subsidiaries, associates, and held-for-sale assets.

The Avocado Ltd is preparing its consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31st December, 2015. Avocado Ltd has a number of investments in other entities. Details of these investments are as follows;

Investment in Akwadu Productions Avocado acquired 12% of the issued ordinary share capital of Akwadu Productions on 1st January 2010 for GH¢10,000,000. On 1st October, 2015 Avocado acquired a further 45% of the issued ordinary share capital for GH¢45,000,000. The fair value of the net assets at 1st October 2015 was GH¢120,000,000 and on 1st January 2010 was GH¢80,000,000. The previously held interest had a fair value on 1st October 2015 of GH¢17,000,000.

Investment in Akpakpa Ventures Ltd Avocado Ltd acquired 90% of the issued ordinary share capital of Akpakpa Ventures Ltd on 1st March 2015 for GH¢6,000,000 when the book value of the net assets was GH¢5,800,000. The fair value of these net assets was estimated at GH¢6,800,000 at the date of acquisition. The difference between fair value and the book value of the net assets related to depreciable property with a remaining useful life at the date of acquisition of 40 years.

Investment in Waatre Impex Ltd At the date of acquisition of Akpakpa Ventures Ltd, Akpakpa Ventures Ltd held 65% of the issued ordinary share capital of Waatre Impex Ltd. The operations of Waatre Impex Ltd do not fit within the strategic plans of Avocado Ltd and so the directors plan to sell this investment. The investment is currently being marketed with a view to selling it within 4 months.

Investment in Akutu Brothers Ltd Avocado Ltd acquired 40% of the issued ordinary share capital of Akutu brothers on 1st January 2014 for GH¢2,000,000 when the book value of the net assets was GH¢5,500,000. The fair value of these net assets was estimated at GH¢6,000,000 at the date of acquisition.

Required: a) Discuss the appropriate treatment of each investment in the consolidated financial statements of the Avocado Group Ltd as at 31st December 2015. (10 marks) (Note: Calculations are not required)

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  • 20 Marks

CR – Mar 2024 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements

This question requires preparing the consolidated statement of financial position for Sankom Group, including adjustments for goodwill impairment and fair value adjustments.

Sankom Ltd (Sankom) in the last three years acquired Makpa and Biiri. The statement of financial position for the three companies as at 31 December 2023 is as follows:

Additional Information:

i) The following information relates to the acquisition of Makpa and Biiri:

  • Makpa: Date of acquisition: 1 January 2021, Shareholding percentage: 80%, Goodwill arising from the acquisition: GH¢44,800,000
  • Biiri: Date of acquisition: 30 June 2022, Shareholding percentage: 60%, Goodwill arising from the acquisition: GH¢38,400,000

ii) An upward fair value adjustment of GH¢4,400,000 was required for Makpa’s production machinery with a useful life of five years.

iii) Makpa sold goods to Biiri worth GH¢2,240,000, with a margin of 20%, and 30% of the goods were unsold by Biiri as of 31 December 2023.

iv) No impairment losses were previously recognized, but impairment reviews at 31 December 2023 indicated the recoverable amounts of the net assets of Makpa and Biiri were GH¢133,244,800 and GH¢116,544,000, respectively.

v) Sankom rented a building to Makpa at an annual rental of GH¢2,000,000, which Sankom accounted for as investment property, recognizing a fair value gain of GH¢1,200,000.

Required:
Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position for Sankom Group as at 31 December 2023.

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  • 20 Marks

CR – Nov 2023 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements

Preparation of consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income including adjustments for NCI, goodwill, and fair value.

Below are the statements of comprehensive income of Agingo Plc (Agingo), Telemo Plc (Telemo), and Zimbo Plc (Zimbo) for the year ended 31 March 2023:

Item Agingo (GH¢000) Telemo (GH¢000) Zimbo (GH¢000)
Revenue 432,840 302,988 259,704
Cost of sales (194,778) (136,345) (116,867)
Gross profit 238,062 166,643 142,837
Operating expenses (83,322) (58,325) (49,993)
Other income 10,821 7,575 6,493
Finance cost (5,952) (4,166) (3,571)
Profit before tax 159,609 111,727 95,766
Tax (39,902) (29,927) (27,134)
Profit for the year 119,707 81,800 68,632
Other comprehensive income 6,493 5,843 –
Total comprehensive income 126,200 87,643 68,632

Additional Information:

  1. Agingo held 15% of the equity shares of Telemo and acquired an additional 45% and 10% of the loan stock during the year.
  2. Fair value adjustments were made for the production machinery of Telemo, which had a useful life of 4 years.
  3. Agingo acquired 70% of Zimbo in 2016.
  4. Intercompany transactions occurred between Telemo and Agingo.
  5. There were shareholding increases and impairments during the year.
  6. Any intercompany dividends were excluded.

Required:
Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Agingo’s group for the year ended 31 March 2023. (All your workings are to be rounded to the nearest thousand).

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  • 5 Marks

CR – Aug 2022 – L3 – Q4c – Consolidated Financial Statements

This question discusses the consolidation implications of changes in group structure that do not result in a loss of control.

Explain the consolidation implication of a change in group structure that does not result in a loss of control.

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  • 20 Marks

CR – Aug 2022 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements

This question requires the preparation of a consolidated statement of financial position for Labone Group, considering investments in subsidiaries and intercompany transactions.

Below are the summarised statements of financial position of three entities: Labone Ltd (Labone), Nungua Ltd (Nungua), and Teshie Ltd (Teshie) as at 31 December 2021.

Statements of financial position as at 31 December 2021 Labone Nungua Teshie
Assets GH¢million GH¢million GH¢million
Non-current assets
Property, plant, and equipment 1,150 800 400
Investment in Nungua 560 – –
Investment in Teshie 60 – –
Other investment 140 – –
Total non-current assets 1,910 800 400
Current assets 490 200 100
Total assets 2,400 1,000 500
Equity and liabilities
Equity
Equity shares of GH¢1 each 400 320 200
Retained earnings 1,225 440 200
Other reserves 95 – –
Total equity 1,720 760 400
Non-current liabilities 300 80 40
Current liabilities 380 160 60
Total equity and liabilities 2,400 1,000 500

Additional information:

i) On 1 January 2018, Labone acquired 80% of the equity share capital of Nungua for cash consideration of GH¢560 million. At the same date, Labone acquired 70% of the equity share capital of Teshie for cash consideration. Labone has correctly recorded both transactions. At this time, the balances on the retained earnings, the fair values of non-controlling interests, and fair values of the identifiable net assets of Nungua and Teshie were as follows:

Nungua Teshie
Retained earnings GH¢300 million GH¢120 million
Fair value of non-controlling interests GH¢140 million GH¢80 million
Fair value of net assets GH¢640 million GH¢310 million

Any difference between the acquisition date fair value and book value of the identifiable net assets of both investees was due to land. Fair value adjustments should be deemed as temporary differences which are subject to tax of 20%. The fair values of identifiable net assets above are not yet adjusted for tax. Shortly after acquisition, Teshie incorporated the fair values (together with any tax effects) into its separate financial statements, but Nungua had not yet incorporated the fair values into its separate financial statements.

ii) On 1 October 2021, Labone disposed of 40% out of the 70% equity shares of Teshie for GH¢220 million. Labone credited the proceeds received to its “Investment in Teshie” and debited “Cash.” At this time, it was determined that the fair value of the remaining interest was GH¢180 million. Following the sale, Labone could only exert significant influence over Teshie.

iii) During the financial year, Labone transferred goods worth GH¢5 million every month to Teshie. By 31 December 2021, Teshie had not sold the last two months’ deliveries and had included them in its year-end inventory. Labone charges three-seventh (3/7) mark-up on all sales.

iv) Labone’s receivable balance includes GH¢12 million owed by Teshie in respect of the last three months’ sales. This balance agreed with the corresponding payables in Teshie’s financial statements.

v) In its separate financial statements, Labone has accounted for its investments in both Nungua and Teshie at cost. It is the policy of Labone group to measure goodwill in full and to record non-controlling interests at fair value at acquisition. Neither goodwill of Nungua nor that of Teshie has suffered any impairment since acquisition.

vi) Labone has two internal business segments: Construction Division and Merchandise Division. On 1 July 2021, the Construction Division entered into a 1-year fixed price contract to construct an ultra-modern office complex at a contract sum of GH¢60 million for a district government agency located in the Eastern zone of Ghana. Total estimated costs at the time the contract was concluded were GH¢52 million. Actual costs incurred up to 31 December 2021 amounted to GH¢32 million. At 31 December 2021, the Directors of Labone revised its total construction costs on the project to GH¢64 million. No progress payments have been received from the agency. The only entries made have been to include the costs incurred in Labone’s inventory. Labone measures progress to completion on the basis of cost.

vii) During the current year, Nungua and Teshie reported profits after tax of GH¢48 million and GH¢40 million respectively. Unless otherwise stated, it may be assumed that profits accrued evenly over the year and that no dividends were paid during the year.

(Note: Deferred tax adjustment should be ignored, unless otherwise indicated.)

Required:

Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position of the Labone Group as at 31 December 2021.

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  • 5 Marks

CR – Mar 2023 – L3 – Q4b – Business combinations and consolidation Series

Explanation of protective rights under IFRS 10 and examples of situations where voting or contractual rights may be considered protective.

Whether an investor’s rights in an entity are voting or contractual under IFRS 10: Consolidated Financial Statements, these rights should be carefully evaluated to find out whether they are mere protective or actually confer power over the investee.

Required:
Explain protective rights, providing FOUR (4) instances where voting or contractual rights could be regarded as protective. (5 marks)

 

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  • 20 Marks

CR – Nov 2016 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated financial statements

Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for Broad Ltd. Group for the year ended June 30, 2016.

Below are the separate financial statements of Broad Ltd and two investee companies which also operate in the same industry as the investor entity.

Statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended 30 June 2016


The following information is relevant:

  1. On 1 March 2016, Broad Ltd acquired 80% of the equity share capital of Narrow Ltd. The consideration consisted of two elements: a share exchange of three shares in Broad Ltd for every five acquired shares in Narrow Ltd and the issue of a GH¢100 6% loan note for every 500 shares acquired in Narrow Ltd. The share issue has not yet been recorded by Broad Ltd, but the issue of the loan notes has been recorded. At the date of acquisition, shares in Broad Ltd had a market value of GH¢5 each, and the shares of Narrow Ltd had a stock market price of GH¢3.50 each.Broad Ltd had earlier acquired 2.4 million shares in Shadow Ltd on the stock market at a price of GH¢1.50 per share on 1 January 2016.
  2. At the date of acquisition, the fair values of Narrow Ltd.’s assets were equal to their carrying amounts with the exception of its property, which had a fair value of GH¢1.2 million below its carrying amount. This would lead to a reduction of the depreciation charge (in cost of sales) of GH¢50,000 in the post-acquisition period. Narrow Ltd has not incorporated this value change into its separate financial statements.
  3. Broad’s group policy is to revalue all properties to current value at each year-end. On 30 June 2016, the value of Narrow’s property was unchanged from its value at acquisition, but the land element of Broad Ltd.’s property had increased in value by GH¢500,000 as shown in other comprehensive income.
  4. Sales from Narrow Ltd to Broad Ltd throughout the year ended 30 June 2016 were GH¢12 million. Narrow made a mark-up on cost of 25% on these sales. Broad Ltd had GH¢2 million (at cost to Broad Ltd) of inventory that had been supplied in the post-acquisition period by Narrow Ltd as at 30 June 2016.
  5. In June 2016, Broad Ltd sold goods to Shadow Ltd for GH¢2,000,000, thus achieving a profit mark-up of 25%. The entire consignment remained unsold and was included in the inventory of Shadow Ltd as at 30 June 2016.
  6. Broad’s investments include some available-for-sale investments that have increased in value by GH¢300,000 during the year. The other equity reserve relates to these investments and is based on their value as at 30 June 2015. There were no acquisitions or disposals of any of these investments during the year ended 30 June 2016.
  7. Broad’s policy is to value the non-controlling interest at fair value at the date of acquisition. For this purpose, Narrow’s share price at that date can be deemed to be representative of the fair value of the shares held by the non-controlling interest.
  8. It was determined at the year-end that 10% of the goodwill relating to the acquisition of Narrow was impaired.

Required:

a) Prepare the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for Broad Ltd. Group for the year ended 30 June 2016. (10 marks)

b) Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position for Broad Ltd. Group as at 30 June 2016. (10 marks)

 

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  • 20 Marks

CR – Mar 2023 – L3 – Q1 – Consolidated Financial Statements

Prepare a consolidated statement of financial position for Abuakwa Group as at 31 December 2021.

Below are statements of financial position of three companies: Abuakwa, Tanoso, and Kwadaso as at 31 December 2021:

Statements of Financial Position as at 31 December 2021

Abuakwa (GH¢ million) Tanoso (GH¢ million) Kwadaso (GH¢ million)
Non-current assets
Tangible assets 358.0 169.5 120.0
Investments 170.0 6.5 –
Total Non-current assets 528.0 176.0 120.0
Current assets 264.0 172.0 116.0
Total assets 792.0 348.0 236.0

Equity and Liabilities

Abuakwa (GH¢ million) Tanoso (GH¢ million) Kwadaso (GH¢ million)
Equity
Share capital – Ordinary shares (GH¢2 each) 180.0 50.0 30.0
Preference shares (GH¢2 each) – 40.0 13.0
Retained earnings 330.0 66.0 56.0
Other reserves 50.0 23.0 8.0
Total equity 560.0 179.0 107.0
Current liabilities 232.0 169.0 129.0
Total equity and liabilities 792.0 348.0 236.0

Additional Information:

  1. Abuakwa acquired 20 million shares in Tanoso on 1 January 2019. The consideration, which has been correctly accounted for, was settled by Abuakwa issuing its own ordinary shares of 7.5 million. The fair value of non-controlling interest of Tanoso at the date of acquisition was GH¢25 million.
  2. The brand name of Tanoso had a fair value of GH¢2 million with a useful life of 5 years. At 31 December 2021, the brand’s recoverable amount was GH¢1.1 million.
  3. Abuakwa acquired 10.5 million shares in Kwadaso on 31 December 2019. Abuakwa satisfied this consideration by deferring cash payment for a year.
  4. Kwadaso’s net assets were uplifted by GH¢3 million on a non-depreciable land.
  5. Tanoso acquired 1.5 million shares of Kwadaso for immediate cash consideration of GH¢6.5 million.
  6. On 1 January 2021, Tanoso sold machinery to Abuakwa at a 20% profit on cost. Abuakwa depreciates this type of machinery at 10% per annum.
  7. Goodwill in Tanoso was impaired by 10%.
  8. Trade payables in Abuakwa include GH¢7 million due to foreign suppliers, with an unaccounted exchange loss of GH¢2 million.

Required:
Prepare the consolidated statement of financial position as at 31 December 2021 for the Abuakwa Group. (All figures should be stated in nearest GH¢0.1 million).

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