Question Tag: Audit Procedures

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  • 10 Marks

AAA – Nov 2024 – L3 – Q5b – Anti-Money Laundering Regulations and Auditor Responsibilities

Discuss anti-money laundering regulations in Ghana and auditors' responsibilities in compliance.

Lamsey Jewelers is a family-owned business specializing in high-end jewellery, located in Dunkwa-On-Offin in the Central Region of Ghana. The company sources gold from various suppliers in the small-scale mining sector. Recently, the Minerals Commission received anonymous tips suggesting that Lamsey Jewelers may be involved in laundering money through its operations. Authorities suspect that the business could be used to conceal the origins of illicit funds through gold purchases and sales.

To investigate these suspicions, regulatory authorities have appointed Baba Yara and Associates, an independent auditing firm, to conduct a thorough review of Lamsey Jewelers’ operations and financial transactions. During the audit, Baba Yara and Associates discovered that Lamsey Jewelers has been accepting large cash payments for custom jewellery orders without conducting proper due diligence on the customers. Several transactions involving cash payments exceed typical retail amounts, raising suspicions of potential money laundering.

Required:

i) Discuss the key legal and regulatory requirements in Ghana related to anti-money laundering relevant to Lamsey Jewelers.

ii) Discuss the obligations placed on professional firms such as Baba Yara and Associates in relation to money laundering.

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  • 6 Marks

AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q5b – Substantive Testing of Accounts Receivable

Explain three substantive tests for verifying accounts receivable balance.

Baaba & Associates, an audit firm, is conducting a year-end audit of Rashida LTD. The audit team is particularly concerned about the accuracy of the accounts receivable balance reported on the statement of financial position as of December 31, 2023. Therefore, as part of their audit procedures, they need to perform substantive tests to identify any material misstatements, errors, or fraud that could impact the accuracy of the financial statements.

Required:
Explain THREE substantive tests that the audit team at Baaba & Associates should perform to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the accuracy of Rashida LTD’s accounts receivable balance.

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  • 4 Marks

AA – Nov 2024 – L2 – Q5a – Tests of Control and Methods for Testing Controls

Explain two tests of control and their corresponding methods of testing.

Oboshie Audit Firm has been engaged to audit the financial statements of Abakah Manufacturing LTD for the year ended December 31, 2023. During the planning phase of the audit, the audit team identified that Abakah Manufacturing LTD relies heavily on its internal control system to ensure the accuracy and completeness of its financial reporting.

Required:
i) Explain TWO tests of control to be performed by Oboshie Audit Firm to evaluate the effectiveness of Abakah Manufacturing LTD’s internal controls over its financial reporting.

ii) Identify a method that should be used under each test of control in (i) above.

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2016 – L3 – Q6 – Audit Reporting

Discuss audit work and written representation letter for legal claims, outstanding balances, and investments.

Bob Removals Limited is a removals company. In the year ended December 31, 2015, the company made a trading profit of N800,000. You are the manager in charge of the audit.
The following issues have arisen:

(i) A customer is suing the company for N1 million for damage caused to antique furniture. The company is defending the claim and believes that the furniture was a reproduction as opposed to antique and therefore worth only N100,000.
(ii) A balance due from Safe Storage in respect of sub-contract work, of N300,000, has been outstanding for over six months. Your firm has been asked by Bob Removals’ accountant not to write to Safe Storage for direct confirmation of this amount as the latter company objects to such letters. You have been assured by the accountant that the relationship between the two companies is good and that the outstanding balance will be paid.
(iii) Bob Removals has recently invested in four new removal vans and is currently carrying out extensive refurbishment of its premises. As a result of this expenditure, the company has reached its overdraft limit of N500,000.

Required:

For each of the above issues:
a. State, with reasons, the audit work that you would expect to find when undertaking your review of the audit working papers for the year ended December 31, 2015.
b. Draft the relevant sections dealing with these issues of the written representation letter you would wish the directors to sign.

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2016 – L3 – Q5 – Ethical Issues in Auditing

Identify and discuss fraud and error in the audit of Badagry Yachting and Marina.

Badagry Yachting and Marina (BYM) have a marina on the West Coast of Nigeria and a large sales operation dealing in yachts and speedboats. You are responsible for the audit of BYM and have found some potential causes of concern that could indicate fraudulent activity or financial misconduct within the company. In particular:

(i) 30% of the yachts on sale by BYM are supplied through one of the major international boating companies with a special finance arrangement deal. However, BYM have also obtained separate finance on these yachts, which are therefore in effect being ‘double financed’.
(ii) Ten yachts shown as assets by BYM cannot be located, with no explanation other than that they have not been sold. These yachts are worth approximately N50 million.
(iii) Long delays have occurred in performing reconciliations, with the last four months of reconciliations still not completed. At the time of the last reconciliation, material differences had been identified upon which no action appears to have been undertaken.
(iv) Sales have been overstated by N100 million in the current financial statements.
The finance director has been off sick with stress for the last five months and therefore has not been available to discuss any of the issues identified.

Required:

a. Explain the difference between fraud and error and how the issues shown here could be categorised as fraud or error. (6 Marks)
b. Discuss the role of management and the role of the auditor in the prevention and detection of fraud and error. (3 Marks)
c. Describe what steps you would take to further investigate and then report on the matters referred to above. (6 Marks)

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2017 – L3 – Q6 – Group Audits

Draft a memorandum describing challenges, procedures, and instructions for a group audit engagement involving subsidiaries and associates in different countries.

You are an Audit Senior in ABC firm of Chartered Accountants, a Pan-African audit firm. You just resumed from your examination leave and received the following email from Mrs. Chidi, an Audit Manager in your firm.

Dear Audu,

Welcome back from leave and best of luck in your examination.
We have just been appointed as financial statements auditors to Gbogbonise Plc., a conglomerate having its head office in Lagos. Our preliminary discussion with the group Chief Financial Officer (CFO) indicates that the company has five subsidiaries and two associates. One of the subsidiaries is incorporated and operates in Ghana while one of the associates is incorporated and operates in The Gambia. The other members of the group are incorporated and operate in Nigeria. The group operations cover automobiles, agriculture, and manufacturing.
We will be meeting with the audit committee in three weeks to present our audit plan and strategy for the assignment.

Required:

a. Challenges that may be encountered in this engagement. (5 Marks)

b. General procedures that may be performed on significant and non-significant components. (3 Marks)

c. Salient items to be included in the group audit instructions. (3 Marks)

d. Procedures to be performed relating to the consolidation of the group. (4 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2019 – L3 – Q4 – Review of Subsequent Events and Going Concern Assumptions

Analyze the auditor's objectives, implications of going concern assumptions, directors' responsibilities, and risk assessment for going concern status.

Itanforiti Publishers Limited has been in the printing and publishing business for many years in Ibadan. The company has been performing well with a competitive advantage over many companies in the industry as a result of the engagement of a high-profile team of personnel and in-house printing of its published books.

The board of directors comprises two brothers and their wives. The older brother is the chairman, and the younger, the managing director. The fortunes of the company started dwindling in 2013 when conflicts could no longer be resolved amicably among the members of the board of directors.

The chairman, being a majority shareholder, assumed executive powers by combining the roles hitherto played by the managing director with his own as executive chairman in 2015. Governance of the company became unsettled, and key staff of the organization started resigning in turn.

In 2016, the financial reports of the company revealed its inability to pay creditors, and the supply of raw materials became irregular. In addition, the level of receivables became too high with a significant figure of doubtful and irrecoverable debts.

Your firm acts as auditors to the company, and you have been presented with the financial statements for the year ended 31st December 2017, for audit. The financial statements were prepared on a going concern basis.

Required:
a. Identify and explain the objectives of the auditor in the area of going concern in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISA 570). (5 Marks)
b. Explain the going concern assumption and the implications for the financial statements if the entity is not a going concern. (5 Marks)
c. Explain the going concern duties of the directors. (3 Marks)
d. Evaluate the risk assessment procedures to be performed by the auditor on the going concern status of the entity. (ISA 570). (7 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2021 – L3 – Q6 – Review of Subsequent Events and Going Concern Assumptions

Evaluation of going concern issues at Wazobia Nigeria Limited and audit procedures to address identified risks.

Wazobia Nigeria Limited is a manufacturer of corrugated zinc roofs. Due to the economic recession, revenue continued to decline each year for the past three years. You are aware that the company had only N300,000 in cash at the year end. Extracts from the draft financial statements and other relevant information are given below.

Additional information:
(i) The bank loan was obtained in 2016 when the company started recording losses. The collateral for the loan is a fixed and floating charge on the assets of the company to the tune of the loan balance. The first tranche of repayment of the loan is due in 2019 and the amount repayable is N300 million.

(ii) Wazobia renegotiated its credit line with a major supplier and extended payment terms from 60 days to 90 days in order to improve working capital.

(iii) The terms for accessing the undrawn facilities stipulate that the company must meet certain covenants, including that interest cover is maintained at 2:1 and the ratio of bank loan to total assets does not exceed 1:1.

(iv) The contingent liability relates to litigation against the company by one of its customers for an alleged breach of contract to supply roofing sheets based on agreed specifications.

Required:
(a) Identify and explain the matters which may cast significant doubt on the company’s ability to continue as a going concern in the foreseeable future. (10 Marks)
(b) Recommend the appropriate audit procedures to be performed to adequately address the going concern matters identified. (10 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2021 – L3 – Q4 – Advanced Audit Planning and Strategy

Discussion of engagement letter elements, reasons for rejecting an engagement, procedures for new client acceptance, and opening balances audit.

As a Senior Manager in Inagbe and Co. (Chartered Accountants), you act as a mentor to some of the young auditors in practice. As a mentor, you discuss frequently with your young mentees on professional and personal matters. Zainab Nigeria Limited is a cosmetics company and has just recently appointed Inagbe and Co. as its auditor. One of your young mentees has been asked to be part of the engagement team. The mentee has come to you for some advice and you decided to use the opportunity to explain the process and procedures to be carried out when accepting a new engagement.

Required:

(a) Explain the elements of an engagement letter. (7 Marks)
(b) Discuss the circumstances under which an auditor may reject an audit engagement. (3 Marks)
(c) Discuss the procedures that an audit firm needs to carry out before accepting to audit a new client. (4 Marks)
(d) Explain the audit procedures that should be carried out on opening balances. (6 Marks)

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  • 20 Marks

AAA – May 2021 – L3 – Q3 – Audit Completion and Final Review

Evaluation of audit evidence sufficiency, recommendations for further procedures, and reporting internal control deficiencies in accordance with ISA 265.

You are the manager responsible for the audit of Seraphim Nigeria Limited, a manufacturing company which produces biscuits. The company’s financial year ended on December 31, 2018, and you are reviewing the audit work which was completed on a number of material balances and transactions: assets held for sale, capital expenditure, and payroll expenses.

A summary of the audit procedures carried out by the audit team is given below:

(i) Provision for Restructuring:
The board approved changes in the management structure of the company. The directors determined that the company was ‘top heavy’ and decided that 80% of the middle management staff should be laid off. The Finance Director had estimated the cost of the restructuring to be N180 million and a manual journal has been posted to record a provision for restructuring costs. The Finance Director has overridden the segregation of duties control by posting this journal and approving it himself. He told the team that he had done it because he wanted to preserve the confidentiality of the transaction. The audit team discussed the planned restructuring with the Managing Director (MD). The audit team relied on the discussions with the MD and the board resolution approving the restructuring as audit evidence.

(ii) Investments:
The company’s investments trading portfolio is outsourced to a fund manager – Hala Funds Management Limited, which processed all trades done by the company. The investments balance and income on investments recorded in the financial statements have been traced and agreed to year-end reports from the service organization. The audit team relied on the reports from the fund manager which was given to them by the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the company.

Based on discussions, the audit team determined that the CFO had not classified the investments in line with the requirements of IFRS 9, and the interest income on its bonds investment was computed using the contractual rate.

The company made some investments directly without passing them through the fund manager, which is not in line with the company’s policy. The audit team traced and agreed those transactions to the bank statement. The amounts of investments made directly without involving the fund manager were not considered material.

Required:
For each of the two matters described above:
(a) Comment on the sufficiency and appropriateness of the audit evidence obtained. (10 Marks)
(b) Recommend further audit procedures to be performed by the audit team. (8 Marks)
(c) Explain the matters which should be included in a report in accordance with ISA 265: Communicating Deficiencies in Internal Controls to Those Charged with Governance and Management. (2 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2013 – L3 – A – Q4 – Audit Reporting

This question tests understanding of the primary purpose of audit working papers.

The primary purpose of audit working papers is to
A. Support the underlying concepts included in the preparations of the basic financial statements
B. Aid the auditors in adequately planning their work
C. Aid the auditors in adequately circularising the client’s debtors
D. Provide a point of reference for future audit engagements
E. Identify area of weaknesses so as to conduct extended substantive and compliance tests

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SA – Q13 – Audit Reporting

Determining the correct date to include on an audit report.

The auditor should always date the audit report on a date:

A. The financial statements were approved
B. After the directors have approved the financial statements
C. When the directors approved the audit work
D. The audit assignment was completed
E. The audit commenced

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2012 – L3 – SA – Q10 – Audit of Complex Transactions

Identifying irrelevant ledger accounts in a payroll journal review.

In order to review a payroll journal, the auditor is NOT likely to interface with which of the following ledger accounts?

A. Pay As You Earn
B. Pension
C. Staff loans
D. Current Assets
E. National Health Insurance

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SB – Q5 – Review of Subsequent Events and Going Concern Assumptions

Identifies going concern symptoms, audit procedures for evaluating going concern, and factors to assess continuation potential.

When a company is experiencing going concern problems, it may exhibit various financial and non-financial symptoms.

Required:

(a) State FIVE financial and FIVE non-financial going concern symptoms.
(5 Marks)

(b) State the audit procedures you would adopt as an auditor to determine whether a client company is experiencing going concern problems.
(6 Marks)

(c) What other factors would you consider in assessing if the company can continue despite the going concern issues?
(4 Marks)

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q18 – Review of Subsequent Events and Going Concern Assumptions

Definition of audit procedures for recording transactions in the correct period.

The audit procedures that ensure that transactions are recorded in the period to which they belong are known as…………………….

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q11 – Regulatory Framework and Professional Standards

Definition of audit procedure statements by accountancy bodies.

Statements by professional accountancy bodies stating the basic procedures to be adopted when conducting an audit assignment are called………………..

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SAII – Q1 – Advanced Audit Planning and Strategy

Definition of audit sampling application in evidence evaluation.

The application of audit procedures to less than 100% of the items within an account balance or class of transactions to enable the auditors obtain and evaluate evidence is known as……………………..

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  • 1 Marks

AAA – Nov 2011 – L3 – SA – Q20 – Audit of IT Systems and Data Analytics.

Identifies the documentation that aids in understanding the internal control system.

To obtain an understanding of the internal control system, which ONE of the following computer documentations can assist the auditor?

  • A. System narrative
  • B. System flowchart
  • C. System counts
  • D. Record layout
  • E. Programme listing

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  • 15 Marks

AAA – May 2024 – L3 – SC – Q5 – Auditor’s Legal Liability

Assess the auditor's legal position and requirements for due care in Globamedia's case, and outline preventive steps.

Globamedia is a company listed on The Nigerian Exchange (NGX) and is a long-established media company. In the last three years, it made some losses, though it is making investment in digital publishing. This investment and the company’s projected sound future prospects have led to a good market rating since it was generally seen that this digital publishing is a leading edge in the media industry. Its investments have been funded through the use of reserves built over many years.

However, a few weeks ago, Globamedia’s shares were suspended, having fallen by more than the stipulated threshold by The Nigerian Exchange Group on rumors that asset values have been significantly overstated and that the company was no longer financially viable. Your firm as the auditors has come under significant criticism and is considered as being negligent.

Required:

a. Evaluate the legal position of your firm. (5 Marks)

b. Discuss the requirements for due care. (5 Marks)

c. Highlight the steps and procedures that the firm could have taken to prevent such a situation from occurring. (5 Marks)

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  • 30 Marks

AAA – Nov 2020 – L3 – Q1 – Regulatory Framework and Professional Standards

Discusses policies for anti-money laundering, indicators of money laundering, ethical issues, and audit procedures for going concern assumptions.

You are a manager in Obuns & Co, a firm of Chartered Accountants, responsible for the audit of Akudre Plc, a listed entity, for the year ended 31 May 2020. The company operates in the textile industry and manufactures a range of goods, including clothing, linen, and soft furnishings. Akudre Plc employs approximately 750 sales staff across the country who sell the company’s products to both households and small to medium-sized businesses. Around 75% of Akudre Plc’s sales transactions are cash-based, and each sales staff member prepares a monthly cash sales report.

According to Akudre Plc’s CEO, Adu Oke, each staff member (including senior management) is encouraged to make cash sales on a commission basis to friends and family. Mr. Oke recently sold products worth N4,000,000 to business associates, depositing these funds into an offshore bank account under his sole control.

Review of Audit Working Papers:
A review of the audit working papers and an initial meeting with Mr. Oke revealed these issues:

  • Obuns & Co performed tax computations for Akudre Plc and completed tax returns for the company and Mr. Oke, invoiced as part of the total fee for audit and professional services. Mr. Oke’s personal tax return reflects numerous property transactions across international locations, which are detailed in off-shore accounts.

Financing Issue:
The audit committee has requested the audit engagement partner attend a post-audit meeting with the company’s bank officials, including the CFO and a representative from the audit committee, to renegotiate Akudre Plc’s lending facility. The audit partner is expected to confirm the company’s financial stability and verify that going concern procedures, including cash flow forecasts, were audited.

Required:
a. Discuss the policies and procedures which Obuns & Co. should have in place in relation to an anti-money laundering programme. (5 Marks)
b. Evaluate whether there are any indicators of money laundering activities by Akudre Plc or its staff. (4 Marks)
c. Describe the requirements of ISA 250: Consideration of Laws and Regulations in an Audit of Financial Statements. (5 Marks)
d. Discuss the actions required when an auditor identifies or suspects material instances of non-compliance by a client under ISA 250. (5 Marks)
e. Identify and evaluate any ethical threats and professional issues arising from the audit committee’s request for the audit engagement partner to attend the financing meeting. (3 Marks)
f. If loan finance is essential for the company’s survival and uncertainty exists regarding agreement finalization, evaluate additional audit procedures to ascertain if a material uncertainty exists. (10 Marks)
g. Evaluate the impact on the audit report in these scenarios:

  • i. Going concern assumption is appropriate, but material uncertainty exists.
  • ii. Going concern assumption is appropriate, material uncertainty exists, and disclosures are adequate.
  • iii. Going concern assumption is appropriate, material uncertainty exists, but disclosures are inadequate.
  • iv. Going concern assumption is inappropriate. (8 Marks)

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