Level: Level 3

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PBL – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q7 – Legal Mortgage over Leasehold Interest

Outline key considerations for taking a legal mortgage over leasehold property and steps to perfect it for a sole proprietorship loan.

Question

Amoasi Enterprise is a sole proprietorship owned and controlled by John Amoasi. The business is engaged in the supply of chips and stones for building projects. John Amoasi has applied for a loan of GHC 500,000 for the purchase of a used tipper truck. He shows you an Indenture covering his Leasehold interest in a property located a Winneba valued GHC 1,000,000.00.

(a) What key consideration would you have in mind in taking a legal mortgage over a leasehold interest? [8 Marks]

(b) Outline the steps which you would take to acquire a legal mortgage over the property in such a manner that the bank’s interest is absolutely protected. [12 Marks]

[Total marks:20]

Answer

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Tags: Collateral Protection, Indenture Review, Key Considerations, Land Registration, Leasehold Mortgage, Perfection Steps, Sole Proprietorship Lending
Level: Level 3

Topic: Leasehold Interests
Series: OCT 2022

PBL – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q6 – Alternative Securities for Construction Loans and Lender Remedies

Identify alternative security for a construction loan where traditional assets are unsuitable, and outline steps to perfect it; list key remedies under the Borrowers and Lenders Act 2020 for borrower default.

Question

(a) Your key customer BBA Construction Ltd. is engaged in a contract for the construction of a 200 kilometer road in the Central Region. He has completed over 60 % of the project and has certified works of GHC 800,000 to be paid. He is applying for working capital loan of GHC 500,000 to purchase materials for the project.

He has no security to offer save the assets of the company which comprise a one storey office building and the road construction equipment. Your managing director is not enthused about taking a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the company as they are subject to rapid wear and tear. The key person Mr. Aras also does not have any personal landed property to offer.

From the above, identify what alternative security may be available in the circumstances and how you would proceed to take the security to ensure that the bank’s interest is protected. [16 Marks]

(b) You have been asked to deliver a lecture on the remedies of a lender in the event of a borrower defaulting in the servicing of a facility. Mention the four key remedies provided under the Borrowers and Lenders Act (2020) Act 1052. [4 Marks]

[Total marks:20]

Answer

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Tags: Alternative Securities, Assignment of contracts, Borrowers and Lenders Act, Collateral Registry, Construction Loans, Default Enforcement, Floating Charges, Lender Remedies
Level: Level 3

Topic: Securities Acceptable to Bankers
Series: OCT 2022

POB – LP OCT 2022 – L3 – Q4 – Collecting Bank Duties and Protections in Cheque Collection

A bank collects a stolen cheque for a fraudulent customer, opens an account after clearance, allows withdrawal, and faces a lawsuit from the drawer; questions cover definition of collecting bank, duties, statutory protections, common law defences, and applicability of protection.

Question

As a new Manager at the Edubiase branch of your bank, in the course of your work, your branch has collected a cheque for the account of a customer who turned out not to be the true owner of the cheque. Your Operations Manager did not open the account straightaway but for reasons unknown to you, he told the customer Timothy Ankrah that the bank would not open the account immediately but would only open the account if the cheque of GHC 500,000 the prospective account holder presented was cleared. After the cheque had cleared, your Operations Manager proceeded to open the account and the very next day, Timothy withdrew an amount of GHC 400,000.00 which he claimed was for the purchase of a car.

It transpires that the cheque had been stolen and Timothy was only an impersonator. Timothy is nowhere to be found.

The drawer of the cheque Mr. Banson has sued the bank for refund of the monies he has lost.

(a) What is a collecting bank? [2 Marks]

(b) Mention three duties of a collecting bank. [3 Marks]

(c) Mention and explain the statutory protection available to a collecting bank that collects a cheque for a party who is not the true owner of the cheque? [9 Marks] (d) What are the common law defences available to a collecting bank? [4 Marks]

(e) Will the bank be able to avail itself of the statutory protection? [2 Marks]

[Total marks:20]

Answer

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Tags: Bills of Exchange Act, Cheque Collection, collecting bank, common law defences, Conversion, Duties, Statutory Protection
Level: Level 3

Topic: Payments and collection of cheques and other instruments
Series: OCT 2022

PBL – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q3 – Company Objects Amendment and Cheque Handling Policies

Legal principles for advising on amending company objects for new business ventures and handling a cheque payable to a related company for crediting to a personal account.

Question

State the legal principles you would take into consideration in resolving the following legal matters that have come to your attention.

(a) Mr. Nkumsah is majority shareholder and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Nkumsah Trading Ltd, which has an account with you for the past twenty years. The company issued debentures secured by a floating charge over the company’s assets three years ago. Mr. Nkumsah has 60% shares in the company and is also the sole signatory of the account. Nkumsah Trading Ltd. was established with a registered constitution with the objects of importing medical equipment and ancillary materials. He has applied for a loan of GHC 400,000 for the importation of baby pampers as he claims baby pampers move faster than medical equipment. In appraising the facility, your attention is drawn to the fact that since the company has incorporated with registered objects the company must amend the constitution to enable the company to undertake the new venture. In your discussion with him he asks you of advice of how he could amend the objects of the company’s constitution to enable him to enter into the new venture. He also asks you

what legal difficulties may arise if he engaged in business outside the established objects of the company. [10 Marks]

(b) Secondly Mr. Nkumsah has a cheque payable to a sister company Jamsah Ltd., in which he has shareholding of 50%. His lifelong friend owns the remaining 50%. You advise him that it is a company policy not to credit a cheque payable to a company into a personal account of a director or employee of that company. He argues with you and tells you that since he is the one of the key shareholders he has the right to do so as it is an internal arrangement for him to undertake a specified transaction for the company. [10 Marks]

[Total marks: 20]

Answer

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Tags: Cheque crediting policies, Companies Act 2019, Company constitution amendment, Director Authority, Shareholder Rights, Ultra vires transactions
Level: Level 3

Topic: Ultra Vires Doctrine
Series: OCT 2022

PBL – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q2 – Banker-Customer Confidentiality and Law Enforcement Demands

Scenario involving police demanding customer account information; identify duty of confidentiality, its exceptions, and how to handle the situation.

Question

You enter your office as Retail Manager this morning to find commotion at the front desk of your branch. As you enter you see three persons in police uniforms claiming to be from the National Investigations Bureau (NIB). They claim they have got wind that one Mr. Mahama Obeng who is under investigation for drug trafficking has an account with your branch where he has lodged his ill-gotten gains. They are demanding that your Operations Manager produce the information immediately or he would be hauled to the NIB for impeding an investigation.

(a) What rule of law do you require to resolve this problem? [2 Marks]

(b) Discuss the four (4) exceptions to the duty a bank owes its customers identified in (a) [8 Marks]
(c) How would you deal with the situation that is before you?[10 Marks]

[Total marks: 20]

Answer

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Tags: Banker-customer duty, Confidentiality, Disclosure obligations, Exceptions to confidentiality, Law enforcement, Tournier case principles
Level: Level 3

Topic: Banker and Customer Relationship
Series: OCT 2022

ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q8 – Remedies to Fraud in International Contracts

State five remedies to fraud in international contracts based on a copper blister fraud case.

Question

During the summer of 2020, Geneva-based Mercuria Energy Group said it had been the victim of cargo fraud following its purchase of 10,000 tons of copper blister. When the cargoes started arriving in China, it found containers full of painted stones instead. The bizarre case happened despite security and inspection controls. About 6,000 tons were loaded for shipment in more than 300 containers on eight vessels. But before its journey from a port near Istanbul, the copper was switched with paving stones, spray-painted to resemble the semi-refined metal. Once the vessels were at sea, Mercuria paid $36m over five installments. The fraud wasn’t discovered until the ships began arriving in the Chinese port of Lianyungang. Mercuria, one of the five-biggest energy traders in the world, is seeking redress in Turkish and UK courts against the copper supplier, Bietsan Bakir. Turkish police have taken a number of people into custody in relation to the fake copper scheme. “Suspects have been taken under custody who are thought to be involved in the various parts of this organised crime against Mercuria,” the company said in a statement while thanking the Istanbul Financial Crimes Department.

Note: All parties in all commercial transactions should be aware of the potential for fraud. In some cases, those parties you negotiate with may not even be aware of the liability they pose. The above fraud case gained global attention through social media on March 9, 2021.

REQUIRED

State five (5) remedies to fraud in international contracts.

[Total Marks 20]

Answer

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Tags: Cargo Fraud, Documentary Verification, Fraud Remedies, Inspection, International Contracts
Level: Level 3

ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q7 – Role of Banks in International Trade

List the roles of banks in international trade in bullet points for SMEs under AfCFTA.

Question

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is organizing training programs to grow the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and most importantly to deepen their understanding on international trade and how they can take advantage of the banking system for efficient operation and expansion of their businesses. As Head of Trade Finance of your bank, you have been engaged as a resource person by (AfCFTA) to take Chief Operating Officers of these SMEs on the following topic: “The Role of Banks in International Trade”

REQUIRED:

List these roles (in bullet points only) under the various roles for one mark each.

Note: Long and detailed descriptions are not required.

[Total marks 20]

Answer

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Tags: AfCFTA, Banks Role, Financing, International trade, Payment Services, Risk Management, SMEs
Level: Level 3

Topic: Banking services available from banks and other sources abroad
Series: OCT 2022

ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q6 – Issuing Bank’s Undertaking under UCP 600 Article 7

State the issuing bank's undertaking as per UCP 600 Article 7 a (i-v), b, and c.

Question

State the “Issuing Bank’s Undertaking” as enshrined in Article 7 a (i – v), b and c when it issues a credit on behalf of its customer under the current International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Publication in respect of Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credit – UCP 600.

[Total Marks 20]

Answer

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Tags: Article 7, documentary credit, Honour, Issuing Bank Undertaking, Reimbursement, UCP 600
Level: Level 3

ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q5 – D/A Collections and Buyer Protection

Explain D/A terms, expected instructions on collection order, address suggestion on refusing non-spec goods, and ways for drawee protection in D/A collections.

Question

Mr. Bob Ferguson, senior director of your customer, Adelaide Ltd is negotiating for the first time with suppliers abroad to purchase some outwear garments, which are at present unobtainable in the UK. The terms of payment which the sellers have suggested are a 90 days’ sight draft D/A with presentation through a UK bank. You understand that the presentation will be subject to Uniform Rules for Collections (and the shipping terms are to be CFR UK port). Your customer believes that he will have the opportunity of examining the goods when they are received in the UK and that, if they are not in accordance with specification, he can refuse the goods and will not be liable to pay the sellers, since all charges will be against the goods.

Required

a) Write brief notes on the terms of payment mentioned above; [4 marks]

b) Indicate the instructions you would expect to see on the collection order; [8 marks]

c) What would say to the suggestion by Mr. Bob Ferguson that, if goods were not in accordance with specification, the company could refuse to take up and pay for them? [6 marks]

d) How can the drawee obtain a measure of protection with D/A collections? [2 marks] [Total Marks 20]

Answer

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Tags: Bill of Exchange, Buyer Protection, CFR Terms, Collection Order, Documents Against Acceptance, Specification Compliance
Level: Level 3

Topic: Uniform Rules for Collections
Series: OCT 2022

ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q4 – Back-to-Back Credits for Import Financing and Cash Flow

Describe back-to-back credits to protect the customer and assist cash flow, assess appropriateness for German supplier in Euros, and suggest a compromise for compliance.

Question

Builders Merchants Ltd, customers of your bank, supply the building construction industry with a wide range of building materials and products. Their Financial Director, Mr. Kwame Annoh, calls to see you to discuss a CIF contract, which has been signed, to supply a range of fittings and building materials to an overseas buyer. During the conversation you discover that all the goods will be bought from overseas and that all the suppliers are insisting upon secured methods of payment. The Financial Director asks you to suggest a method by which his company can be fully protected, since cash flow considerations are causing some concerns at the present time. The overseas CIF contract is expressed in sterling but one supplier based in Germany, is insisting upon being paid in Euros.

Required

a) A brief description of basic instrument which would be appropriate in answering the needs of the Builders Merchants Ltd. Indicate why your suggestion will cater for your customer by assisting them to overcome their cash flow difficulties and why it will also give some comfort to their potential suppliers. [12 marks]

b) State briefly whether the method described by you in (a) is or is not, appropriate to the contract with the German supplier. Give reasons for your answer. [2 marks]

c) A compromise that you would consider arranging for Builders Merchants Ltd. which would assist them in complying with the request of the German supplier, bearing in mind that the German company requires security of payment.

[6 marks] [Total Marks 20]

Answer

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Tags: Back-to-Back Credits, Cash Flow Management, Multi-Currency Contracts, Secured Payment, Supplier Security
Level: Level 3

Topic: The main types of documentary letters of credit
Series: OCT 2022

BSIM – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q4 – IT for Cost Leadership in Banking

Report on adopting specific IT to achieve cost leadership in the banking industry.

Question

The new Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the bank where you work is determined to reposition the bank as a cost leader. As the Manager responsible for business development, the CEO has tasked you to write a report discussing how the bank can adopt specific information technologies to achieve the goal of becoming a cost leader within the banking industry.

[20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Banking Industry, Business Development, cost leadership, Information Technologies, Repositioning
Level: Level 3

Topic: IT investment decisions
Series: OCT 2022

BSIM – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q3 – IT in Market Research for Bank Branches

Ways IT can be applied in market research for new branches and methods for collecting qualitative data with IT usage.

Question

The management of a bank has decided to establish five new branches at vantage locations in the next quarter to attract new customers. You are the chairperson of a committee that is to conduct market research and identify the locations for establishing the new branches. Given the importance of the report, and the limited time available, the Committee has decided to adopt Information Technology in the conduct of the research.

a) Identify five (5) ways in which Information Technology could be applied in the conduct of the market research. [10 Marks]

b) Describe five (5) methods for collecting qualitative data and explain how IT could be used in any two of the data collection methods. [10 Marks]

[Total: 20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Branch Expansion, Data Methods, IT Applications, Market Research, Qualitative Data Collection
Level: Level 3

Topic: information delivery within the bank
Series: APR 2022, OCT 2022

BSIM – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q2 – Virtual Organizations in Financial Institutions

Explain virtual organization and discuss managerial and technical issues in running one for financial institutions.

Question

The COVID-19 global pandemic and associated lockdowns compelled many financial institutions to adopt virtual approaches to service delivery to their customers. With many researchers predicting the reoccurrence of such pandemics, executives of financial institutions have expressed a keen interest in the concept of a virtual organization (VO), how to run an effective virtual organization, and the ensuing challenges. Explain what a virtual organization is and discuss the managerial and technical issues in running a virtual organization.

[20 Marks

Answer

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Tags: COVID-19, Managerial Issues, Pandemics, Service Delivery, Technical Issues, Virtual Organization
Level: Level 3

Topic: Information Systems and the Bank
Series: APR 2022, OCT 2022

BSIM – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q1 – Issues Affecting Financial Institutions and IT Leverage

Discuss major issues affecting financial institutions like Ghana Bank and ways IT can be leveraged for competitiveness.

Question

Ghana Bank is a major retail bank in Ghana with branches in three English-speaking West African countries. The bank’s physical presence in the major cities has helped to establish the company as a market leader within the sub-region. Despite their sub-regional dominance, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is concerned about the proliferation of various Financial Technology (FinTech) companies offering various financial services digitally. The executives, therefore, organized a management retreat to discuss the issues and develop appropriate strategies. In her opening remarks, the CEO read excerpts (in italic) from a thought-provoking article she had sighted in a recent edition of the Banking Quarterly Bulleting which focuses on strategic Information Technology (IT) issues affecting financial institutions. The challenges facing financial institutions have been exacerbated by issues of globalization, the ubiquity of mobile technologies and social media applications, disruptive IT innovation, and cloud computing. The phenomenon has expanded the horizon of emerging businesses, and also serves as a critical enabler for transforming business processes and operations. Many executives are now concerned with how to maximize shareholder value, improve corporate visibility and communication, and the proliferation of digital payment methods in an increasingly volatile environment. Moreover, many financial institutions have embraced global trends, standards, and technologies to remain relevant in competition

a) Discuss five (5) major issues affecting the operations of financial institutions such as Ghana Bank. [10 Marks]

b) Discuss five (5) practical ways in which IT could be leveraged by the bank to remain competitive despite the issues raised. [10 Marks]

[Total: 20 Marks]

Answer

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Tags: Cloud Computing, Competition, Digital Payments, Disruptive Innovation, Fintech, Globalization, IT Strategies, Mobile Technologies
Level: Level 3

Topic: INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND COMPETITIVE POSITION
Series: OCT 2022

POB-LAW-AND-PRACTICE – APRIL 2023 – LEVEL III – Q4 – Determination of Banker-Customer Contract

Scenario where a long-term customer frequently countermands cheques, threatens to close account amid debts; bank closes account after cheque presentation, applies set-off, receives credit post-closure, returns subsequent cheque; customer threatens legal action. Questions on circumstances for contract determination, continuation of relationship post-determination, and bank's legal position.

Question

Your customer Jimmy Moore has operated an account with you for the past ten years. Over the past year however you observe that Jimmy Moore has developed the habit of issuing cheques and countermanding payment of the cheques. You aware from reliable sources that he is indebted to a host of creditors who are on his neck. You also note that he is engaged in the bank. You have to a bank account with you have to a bank account with you have to a bank account with you had a meeting with him during which he explodes in anger and threatens to close his account with you.

Two days, later a cheque of GHC 15,500 issued by Jimmy is presented through clearing by another bank against a balance of GHC 15,3000 standing to the credit of his account. Your Open account against a balance of GHC 15,3000 standing to the credit of his account. You close the account, transferring the balance of GHC 200 to commissions and fees.

Later a credit of GHC 15,000 was received in favor of Jimmy being proceeds of Treasury Bills he had invested in. That same day the bank received a cheque through clearing drawn by Jimmy which your operations manager returned with the reason. “Account Closed”.

Jimmy is now at your banking premises today fuming with rage and threatening to proceed to count for redress.

(a) Mention the five circumstances that would lead to the determination of the banker customer contract. (b) The banker customer relationship has been said to continue notwithstanding the determination of the banker customer contract. Do you agree? Explain supporting your answer with relevant legal authority. (c) Discuss the bank’s position in the scenario above clearly explaining the legal principle, underlying your argument.

Answer

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Tags: account closure, banker-customer contract, countermanding cheques, determination, Ghana banking law, Legal Principles, Set-off
Level: Level 3

Topic: Determination of the Banker/Customer Relationship
Series: APR 2023

POB-LAW-AND-PRACTICE – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q3 – Termination of Banker-Customer Relationship and Account Closure

Scenario involving a long-term customer who habitually countermands cheques, is indebted to creditors, threatens to close account; bank closes account after insufficient funds cheque, applies fees, receives credit post-closure, returns subsequent cheque as "Account Closed"; customer threatens legal action; questions on circumstances for contract termination, continuation of relationship post-termination, and bank's position.

Question

Jimmy is now at your banking premises today fuming with rage and threatening to proceed to count for redress.

Answer

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Tags: account closure, banker-customer contract, countermanding cheques, ermination, insolvency risk, Legal Principles, reasonable notice, unsatisfactory accounts
Level: Level 3

Topic: Bankers and Customers Relationship, Banking Transactions, Determination of the Banker/Customer Relationship
Series: APR 2023

POB-LAW-AND-PRACTICE – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q2 – Personal Representatives and Deceased Customer Accounts

Scenario involving a deceased customer who died intestate, where the sister withdrew funds using a next of kin letter, and later the son and siblings present Letters of Administration claiming the balance, questions on personal representatives, legal documents for testate and intestate cases, and bank's position.

Question

Later Jacob Mends, Mary Mintah’s son has come together with three other siblings brandishing Letters of Administration in your face claiming that the balance should be paid to them.

(a) Who is a personal representative of a deceased customer?

(b) When a customer dies testate having appointed an Executor, what legal document would the Executor have to obtain that gives the Executor authority to administer the deceased state?

(c) In the case of (b) what if the deceased Testator failed to appoint an Executor, what legal document would the relevant persons have to obtain from the court that gives them the authority to administer the state of the deceased.

(d) Discuss the above scenario stating the bank’s position.

Answer

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Tags: Bank Liability, deceased customer, executor, Intestate, Letters of Administration, next of kin, Personal Representative, Testate
Level: Level 3

Topic: Banker/Customer Relationship, Determination of the Banker/Customer Relationship
Series: APR 2023

POB-LAW-AND-PRACTICE – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q2 – Personal Representatives and Deceased Customer Accounts

Scenario involving a deceased customer who died intestate, where the sister withdrew funds using a next of kin letter, and later the son and siblings present Letters of Administration claiming the balance; questions on personal representatives, legal documents for testate and intestate cases, and bank's position.

Question

Later Jacob Mends, Mary Mintah’s son has come together with three other siblings brandishing Letters of Administration in your face claiming that the balance should be paid to them.

(a) Who is a personal representative of a deceased customer?

(b) When a customer dies testate having appointed an Executor, what legal document would the Executor have to obtain that gives the Executor authority to administer the deceased state?

(c) In the case of (b) what if the deceased Testaator failed to appoint an Executor, what legal document would the relevant persons have to obtain from the court that gives them the authority to administer the state of the deceased.

(d) Discuss the above scenario stating the bank’s position.

Answer

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Tags: Bank Liability, deceased customer, executor, Intestate, Letters of Administration, next of kin, Personal Representative, Testate
Level: Level 3

Topic: Bankers and Customers Relationship, Determination of the Banker/Customer Relationship, Types of Accounts Holders
Series: APR 2023

FRPA – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q6 – Audit Committee Functions and Composition in Ghana

List and explain five functions of the Audit Committee as per Ghana's Code of Best Practices in Corporate Governance and recommend its composition for RGB Savings and Loans Limited.

Question

In Ghana, the Code of Best Practices in Corporate Governance requires every corporate body at which the code is directed to have an audit committee.

You are required to: A. List and explain FIVE functions of the Audit Committee. B. As a consultant for RGB Savings and Loans Limited, recommend the composition of the Audit Committee to the Managing Director.

Answer

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Tags: Audit Committee, BoG Directive, Composition, Corporate Governance, Financial Institutions, Functions, Ghana Regulations, SEC Code
Level: Level 3

Series: APR 2023

FRPA – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q5 – Cash Budget Preparation for Impact Limited

Prepare a cash budget for Impact Limited for the months of May, June, and July based on provided sales, wages, materials, and overheads data and additional information.

Question

The following information relates to Impact Limited; a retailing outfit located in the Eastern region of Ghana. Month Sales (GHs’m) Wages incurred (GHs’m) Materials purchased (GHs’m) Overheads (GHs’m) January 70 12 40 25 February 90 14 45 20 March 120 20 50 32 April 100 18 70 28 May 140 24 60 36 June 120 20 50 32 July 100 18 50 28 August 100 18 60 28

The following additional information has been provided: a. It is expected that the cash balance on April 30, will be GH¢50m. b. Wages may be assumed to be paid within the month in which they are incurred. c. It is company’s policy to pay creditors for materials three months after receipts of the materials. d. Debtors are expected to pay two months after delivery to them. e. Included in the overhead figures is GH¢4m per month which represents depreciation on two cars and one delivery van. f. There is a delay in paying the overheads expenses by one month. g. 10% of the monthly sales are for cash and 90% are on credit. h. A commission of 5% is paid to agents on all sales on credit but this is not paid until the month following the sales to which it relates; this expense is not included in the overhead figures shown. i. It is intended to repay a loan of GH¢50m on June 30. j. Delivery is expected in May of a new machine costing GH¢85m of which GH¢25m will be paid on delivery and GH¢30m in each of the immediately following successive two months. k. Assume that overdraft facilities are available if required.

You are required to: Prepare a Cash budget for each of the three months of May, June and July.

Answer

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Series: APR 2023

Level: Level 3

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PBL – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q7 – Legal Mortgage over Leasehold Interest

Outline key considerations for taking a legal mortgage over leasehold property and steps to perfect it for a sole proprietorship loan.

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PBL – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q6 – Alternative Securities for Construction Loans and Lender Remedies

Identify alternative security for a construction loan where traditional assets are unsuitable, and outline steps to perfect it; list key remedies under the Borrowers and Lenders Act 2020 for borrower default.

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POB – LP OCT 2022 – L3 – Q4 – Collecting Bank Duties and Protections in Cheque Collection

A bank collects a stolen cheque for a fraudulent customer, opens an account after clearance, allows withdrawal, and faces a lawsuit from the drawer; questions cover definition of collecting bank, duties, statutory protections, common law defences, and applicability of protection.

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PBL – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q3 – Company Objects Amendment and Cheque Handling Policies

Legal principles for advising on amending company objects for new business ventures and handling a cheque payable to a related company for crediting to a personal account.

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PBL – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q2 – Banker-Customer Confidentiality and Law Enforcement Demands

Scenario involving police demanding customer account information; identify duty of confidentiality, its exceptions, and how to handle the situation.

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ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q8 – Remedies to Fraud in International Contracts

State five remedies to fraud in international contracts based on a copper blister fraud case.

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ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q7 – Role of Banks in International Trade

List the roles of banks in international trade in bullet points for SMEs under AfCFTA.

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ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q6 – Issuing Bank’s Undertaking under UCP 600 Article 7

State the issuing bank's undertaking as per UCP 600 Article 7 a (i-v), b, and c.

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ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q5 – D/A Collections and Buyer Protection

Explain D/A terms, expected instructions on collection order, address suggestion on refusing non-spec goods, and ways for drawee protection in D/A collections.

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ITF – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q4 – Back-to-Back Credits for Import Financing and Cash Flow

Describe back-to-back credits to protect the customer and assist cash flow, assess appropriateness for German supplier in Euros, and suggest a compromise for compliance.

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BSIM – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q4 – IT for Cost Leadership in Banking

Report on adopting specific IT to achieve cost leadership in the banking industry.

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BSIM – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q3 – IT in Market Research for Bank Branches

Ways IT can be applied in market research for new branches and methods for collecting qualitative data with IT usage.

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BSIM – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q2 – Virtual Organizations in Financial Institutions

Explain virtual organization and discuss managerial and technical issues in running one for financial institutions.

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BSIM – OCT 2022 – L3 – Q1 – Issues Affecting Financial Institutions and IT Leverage

Discuss major issues affecting financial institutions like Ghana Bank and ways IT can be leveraged for competitiveness.

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POB-LAW-AND-PRACTICE – APRIL 2023 – LEVEL III – Q4 – Determination of Banker-Customer Contract

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POB-LAW-AND-PRACTICE – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q3 – Termination of Banker-Customer Relationship and Account Closure

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POB-LAW-AND-PRACTICE – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q2 – Personal Representatives and Deceased Customer Accounts

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POB-LAW-AND-PRACTICE – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q2 – Personal Representatives and Deceased Customer Accounts

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FRPA – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q6 – Audit Committee Functions and Composition in Ghana

List and explain five functions of the Audit Committee as per Ghana's Code of Best Practices in Corporate Governance and recommend its composition for RGB Savings and Loans Limited.

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FRPA – APRIL 2023 – L3 – Q5 – Cash Budget Preparation for Impact Limited

Prepare a cash budget for Impact Limited for the months of May, June, and July based on provided sales, wages, materials, and overheads data and additional information.

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