FM – L2 – Q58 – Discounted Cash Flow

Apex Ltd is considering whether to invest in the purchase of a new machine costing GH¢250,000. The machine will have a four-year life and a net disposal value of GH¢100,000 at the end of Year 4.
In addition, GH¢38,000 of working capital will be required from the start of the project, increasing to GH¢50,000 at the beginning of the second year. All the working capital will be recovered at the end of Year 4.
The project is expected to generate extra annual revenues of GH¢200,000 and incur annual cash operating costs of GH¢80,000 for each year of the project. Apex Ltd’s cost of capital is 10% after tax.
Corporation tax is charged on profits at 35%. Tax is payable in the year following the year in which the profits occur. There will be a 25% annual writing-down allowance on capital expenditure, for tax purposes. The tax-allowable depreciation is calculated by the reducing balance method.

Required
Calculate the NPV of the project and state whether or not it should be undertaken.

Tax allowances on the investment

Year of claim Tax saving (35% of allowance) Cash flow year
Cost GH¢250,000
0 Allowance (25%) (62,500) 21,875
187,500
1 Allowance (25%) (46,875) 16,406
140,625
2 Allowance (25%) (35,156) 12,305
105,469
3 Allowance (25%) (26,367) 9,228
79,102
4 Disposal 100,000
(20,898) (7,314)

NPV calculation

Year 0 1 2 3 4
Capital equipment (250,000)
Working capital (38,000) (12,000) 50,000
Cash profits before tax 120,000 120,000 120,000 120,000
Tax on profits @35% (42,000) (42,000) (42,000)
Cash effect of allowances 21,875 16,406 12,305 2,314
Net cash flow (288,000) 129,875 94,406 90,305 237,228
DCF factor at 10% 1.000 0.909 0.826 0.751 0.683
PV of cash flow (288,000) 118,056 77,979 67,819 162,027
NPV +107,257

The NPV is + GH¢107,257. This indicates that the project should be undertaken.