MA – L2 – Q25 – Advanced variance analysis

VRS Limited has the following data for a particular period:

Standard consumption quantities:

  • Material X: 50,000 units × 6 kg = 300,000 kg
  • Material Y: 50,000 units × 3 kg = 150,000 kg

Adverse quantity variance (quantity used in excess of standard usage):

  • Material X: 5,000 kg
  • Material Y: 5,000 kg

Actual quantity used:

  • Material X: 300,000 kg + 5,000 kg = 305,000 kg
  • Material Y: 150,000 kg + 5,000 kg = 155,000 kg

Inventory data:

  • Closing inventory:
    • Material X: 300,000 kg × 20/365 = 16,438 kg
    • Material Y: 150,000 kg × 20/365 = 8,219 kg
  • Opening inventory:
    • Material X: 300,000 kg × 25/365 = 20,548 kg
    • Material Y: 150,000 kg × 25/365 = 10,274 kg

Actual cost data:

  • Material X: GH₵150,000 ÷ GH₵30 = 5,000 kg (used to calculate actual quantity used)
  • Standard cost per kilo:
    • Material X: GH₵50
    • Material Y: GH₵30

          Required:
(a) Calculate:

  • Actual quantity purchased for Materials X and Y.
  • Actual cost of purchase for Materials X and Y, including price variance and percentage saved on standard rate.

    VRS Limited has the following data for a particular period:

    Labour rate variance data:

    • Actual hours: 168,000
    • Standard rates:
      • 3/7 of hours at GH₵150 per hour
      • 4/7 of hours at GH₵100 per hour
    • Rate variance: 10% and 5% (Adverse)

    Required:
    (b) Calculate the labour rate variance and any relevant overhead variances.

(a) Actual quantity purchased:

Material X Material Y
Standard consumption quantities 300,000 150,000
Adverse quantity variance (quantity used in excess of standard usage) 5,000 5,000
Actual quantity used 305,000 155,000
Closing inventory 16,438 8,219
Opening inventory (20,548) (10,274)
Actual purchase quantity (kg) 295,890 152,945

Actual cost of purchase:

Material X Material Y
Standard cost per kilo (GH₵) GH₵50 GH₵30
Actual quantity purchased at standard rate (GH₵) 14,794,500 4,588,350
Price variance (Price paid above/(below) the standard rate) (GH₵) 95,000 (275,301)
Percentage saved on standard rate (4,588,350 × 0.06)
Actual cost of purchase (GH₵) 14,889,500 4,313,049

(b) Labour and overhead variances:

Labour rate variance:

GH₵
Actual hours at standard rate
168,000 × 3/7 × GH₵150 10,800,000
168,000 × 4/7 × GH₵100 9,600,000
Total standard cost 20,400,000
Rate variance at 10% and 5% (Adverse)
10% of 10,800,000 1,080,000
5% of 9,600,000 480,000
Labour rate variance 1,560,000 (A)