FA – L1 – Q22 – Non-current assets and depreciation

Patowato Motors Limited leases second-hand German sports cars for special occasions. It started business on 1 January 20X6 and has decided to depreciate the cars on a straight line basis at 25% per annum on cost at the year-end. During the years 20X6 to 20X9 the following purchases and sales of cars took place.

20X6 Acquired 20 Porsche 928 Turbos at a cost of GH₵18.6 million each
20X7 Purchased 6 Porsche vehicles for a total cost of GH₵108.6 million.
20X8 Traded-in two of the cars acquired in 20X6 and received an allowance of GH₵9 million each which was set against the purchase of a further two cars costing GH₵19.8 million each
20X9 Replaced 15 cars purchased in 20X6 with another 15, each of which cost GH₵21 million. A trade-in allowance totalling GH₵48 million was received

Patowato Motors Limited prepares accounts to 31 December each year.
The finance director of Patowato Motors Limited, who is a qualified accountant, intends to apply the revaluation model to those of the company’s sports cars that appreciate in value. He intends to recognise revaluation increases in profit or loss and has told colleagues that this will boost the directors’ bonuses.

Required
(a) Prepare a vehicle account, an accumulated depreciation account, a depreciation account and a disposals account for the years 20X6 to 20X9.
(b) Explain why the finance director’s suggestion to revalue some vehicles is unethical

(a) Vehicle account

20X6 GH₵000 20X6 GH₵000
Cash 372,000 Balance c/d 372,000
20X7 20X7
Balance b/d 372,000 Balance c/d 480,600
Cash 108,600
480,600 480,600
20X8 20X8
Balance b/d 480,600 Disposals 37,200
Disposals (allowance) 18,000 Balance c/d 483,000
Cash (bal fig) 21,600
520,200 520,200
20X9 20X9
Balance b/d 483,000 Disposals 279,000
Disposals (allowance) 48,000 Balance c/d 519,000
Cash (bal fig) 267,000
798,000 798,000
20X0
Balance b/d 519,000

Accumulated depreciation account

20X6 GH₵000 20X6 GH₵000
Balance c/d 93,000 Depreciation 93,000
20X7 20X7
Balance c/d 213,150 Balance b/d 93,000
Depreciation 120,150
213,150 213,150
20X8 20X8
Disposals 18,600 Balance b/d 213,150
Balance c/d 324,600 Depreciation 130,050
343,200 343,200
20X9 20X9
Disposals 209,250 Balance b/d 324,600
Balance c/d 324,150 Depreciation 208,800
533,400 533,400

Depreciation account

20X6 GH₵000 20X6 GH₵000
Accumulated depreciation 93,000 S of P or L 93,000
20X7 20X7
Accumulated depreciation 120,150 S of P or L 120,150
20X8 20X8
Accumulated depreciation 130,050 S of P or L 130,050
20X9 20X9
Accumulated depreciation 208,800 S of P or L 208,800

Disposals account

20X8 GH₵000 20X8 GH₵000
Vehicle a/c 37,200 Accumulated depreciation (W1) 18,600
Vehicle a/c (allowance against car) 18,000
Loss on disposal 600
37,200 37,200
20X9 20X9
Vehicle a/c 279,000 Accumulated depreciation (W2) 209,250
Vehicle a/c (allowance) 48,000
Loss on disposal 21,750
279,000 279,000

Workings
(1) Depreciation on 20X8 disposals
2 years @ 25% × GH₵37.2 million = GH₵18.6 million

(2) Depreciation on 20X9 disposals
3 years @ 25% × GH₵279 million = GH₵209.25 million

Note: Detail of dates is not given so depreciation has been charged on year basis.

(b) A qualified accountant should comply with the fundamental principles of the IESBA Code of Ethics. The principal of professional competence and due care includes a requirement to act diligently and in accordance with professional standards.
IAS 16 provides the accounting requirements for the revaluation of property, plant and equipment, and it requires that a revaluation policy is applied to all assets within a class. The finance director should be aware that he cannot ‘cherry pick’ those assets that appreciate in value to revalue.
IAS 16 also requires that revaluation gains are recognised in other comprehensive income, not in profit. Again, the finance director should be aware of this.
It appears that the finance director is not acting with integrity or objectivity – he is not acting in an honest and straightforward way and he has put his personal wish to gain a bonus before his professional requirement to act in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards.

Working: Annual Depreciation Charges

Year Asset Cost (GH₵000) Calculation 20X6 (GH₵000) 20X7 (GH₵000) 20X8 (GH₵000) 20X9 (GH₵000)
20X6 Porsche 928 372,000 (372,000 × 25%) 93,000 93,000 93,000 93,000
20X7 Porsche vehicles 108,600 (108,600 × 25%) 27,150 27,150 27,150
20X8 Two Cars 39,600 (39,600 × 25%) 9,900 9,900
20X9 15 Cars 315,000 (315,000 × 25%) 78,750
93,000 120,150 130,050 208,800