Real Construction Company Plc. is a major construction company in Nigeria. It recognizes revenue on construction contracts by reference to the stage of completion of the contract. However, in certain circumstances, revenue is only recognized to the extent that it does not exceed recoverable contract costs.

The company is halfway through a contract to build a new overhead bridge at a contract price of N300 million.

Progress report on this contract as at 1 April 2011 is as follows:

• Cumulative sales revenue recognized: N150 million
• Cumulative cost of sales to date: N112 million
• Profit to date: N38 million

The following information has been extracted from the accounting records as at 31 March 2012:

• Total progress payment received for work certified as at 29 February 2012: N180 million
• Total costs incurred to date (excluding rectification costs below): N195 million
• Rectification costs: N17 million

Real Construction Company Plc. had received progress payments of 90% of the work certified as at 29 February 2012. The company surveyor estimated that the value of the further work to be completed during March 2012 would be N20 million.

At 31 March 2012, the estimated costs of uncompleted contract were put at N45 million.

The rectification costs were the costs incurred in widening the pedestrian access roads to the bridge, due to an error by the company’s architect when making the initial drawings.

The company calculates the percentage of completion of its contracts as the proportion of value earned to date compared to the contract price.

All estimates can be taken as reliable.

Required:

a. Briefly explain the principles underlying each of the two methods of recognizing revenue and describe the circumstances in which their uses are appropriate. (5 Marks)

b. Prepare extracts of the financial statements for the contract for the year ended 31 March 2012. (10 Marks)